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{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{infobox writer
| name = T. M. Chidambara Ragunathan
| image = TM Chidambara Ragunathan.jpg
| imagesize = 200px
| alt =
| caption =
| pseudonym =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1923|10|20}}
| birth_place = [[Tirunelveli]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2001|12|31|1923|10|20}}
| death_place = [[Palayamkottai]]
| occupation = Author, poet, critic and translator
| language = [[Tamil Language|Tamil]]
| citizenship =
| education =
| alma_mater =
| period = 1941–1999
| genre = Social novels, literary criticism, poetry
| subject =
| movement = Socialist Realist
| notableworks = ''Panchum Pasiyum''<br> ''Bharathi: Kaalamum Karuthum''<br> ''Ilango adigal yaar?''
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| relatives =
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| portaldisp =
}}

'''T. M. Chidambara Ragunathan''' ({{lang-ta|தொ. மு. சிதம்பர ரகுநாதன் }}, 20 October 1923 – 31 December 2001), was a [[Tamil language|Tamil]], writer, translator, journalist and literary critic from [[Tamil Nadu]], India. He is also known as '''T. M. C. Ragunathan''', '''Tho. Mu. Si. Ragunathan''' or by his Tamil initials as''' Tho. Mu. Si'''.

==Biography==
Ragunathan was born in [[Tirunelveli]] in 1923. His elder brother T. M. Bhaskara Thondaman, a member of the [[Indian Civil Service]] was also a noted author. He was a student of and mentored by [[A. Srinivasa Raghavan]]. His first short story appeared in ''Prasanda Vikatan'' in 1941. He was jailed in 1942 for his participation in the [[Indian independence movement]]. He worked as a sub-editor in ''[[Dina Mani]]'' briefly in 1944 and later joined the literary journal ''Mullai'' in 1946. His first novella ''Puyal'' was published in 1945. His first noted work was the literary criticism 'Ilakkiya Vimarsanam' (1948). He followed it up with the novel ''Panchum Pasiyum'' in 1951. It was translated into [[Czech language|Czech]] and sold 50,000 copies within weeks of publication. The same year he published his first short story collection. During 1954–56 he ran the progressive literary monthly ''Shanthi''. The magazine introduced many young writers to the world including – [[Daniel Selvaraj]], [[Sundara Ramasami]], [[Jayakanthan]] and [[Ki. Rajanarayanan]]. For the next decade he worked as a free lancer in magazines. In the mid 1960s he joined Soviet Land Publications (Soviet Information Branch), where he edited and translated many Russian works into Tamil. Some of his noted translations include [[Maxim Gorky]]'s ''The Mother'' and [[Vladimir Mayakovsky]]'s elegy ''Vladimir Ilyich Lenin''. In 1983, he was awarded the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] for [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Tamil language|Tamil]] for his literary criticism – ''Bharathi: Kalamum Karuthum'' (lit. [[Subramanya Bharathi|Bharathi]] – his times and his ideas). In 1985, he published ''Ilango Adigal Yaar'' (lit. Who is Ilango), a socio-historical study on [[Ilango Adigal]]. He retired from Soviet Land in 1988. He died in [[Palayamkottai]] in 2001.

Ragunathan was a friend and associate of the Tamil writer [[Pudhumaipithan]]. After Pudhumaipithan's death in 1948, Ragunathan collected and published many of his works. In 1951, he published a biography of his friend. In 1999 he published ''Pudumaippithan kathaigal: sila vimarsanangalum vishamangalum'' (lit. Pudumaippithan's stories – some criticisms and some mischiefs). It was a follow up to his 1951 biography and a detailed defence of Pudhumaipithan against the allegations of plagiarism levelled by his contemporaries like [[P. G. Sundararajan]]. Ragunathan's most productive literary phase was during 1942–62. He belonged to the socialist-realist school of writers and his political orientation was socialist. His ideology is well reflected in his ''Panchum Pasiyum'' (lit. Cotton and hunger) which describes the plight of [[handloom weaver]]s in Tamil Nadu. He also wrote poems using the pseudonym Thiruchirrambala Kavirayar. In his literary career, he produced four short story anthologies, three novels, three poetry collections, two plays and one biography, besides his non-fiction (research and critical) works.<ref name=sahitya>[http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa10320.htm#tamil Tamil Sahitya Akademi Awards 1955–2007] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124032426/http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa10320.htm#tamil |date=24 January 2010 }} [[Sahitya Akademi]] Official website.</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Viswanathan|first=S|title= A trailblazer|url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1903/19031010.htm|accessdate=8 June 2010|newspaper=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|date=2 February 2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Tho.Mu.Si. dead |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2002/01/01/stories/2002010102160500.htm|accessdate=8 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=1 January 2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Novel as critique |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2004010400220300.htm&date=2004/01/04/&prd=lr&|accessdate=8 June 2010|newspaper=The Hindu|date=4 January 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Lal|first=Mohan|title=The Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature (Volume Five (Sasay To Zorgot), Volume 5|year=2006|publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]]|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|page=4073|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&q=TMC+Raghunathan&pg=PA4073}}</ref>

==Awards and recognitions==
*Sahitya Akademi Award (1983)
*Soviet Land Nehru Award – in 1965 for ''Thai'' and in 1970 for ''Lenin kavithaanjali''
*Tamil Annai Prize from [[Tamil University]], [[Thanjavur]].
*Bharathi Award (2001)

==Partial bibliography==

===Biography===
*''Pudhumaipithan varalaaru'' (biography)

===Literary criticism===
*''Bharati kaalamum karuthum''
*''Bharatiyum Shelliyum''
*''Ilakkia vimarsanam''
*''Gangayum Kaviriyum''
*''Samudhaya Ilakkiam''

===Literary research===
*''Pudumaippithan kathaigal: sila vimarsanangalum vishamangalum''
*''Ilango adigal yaar''

===Translations===
*''Thai'' (Gorky's mother)
*''Lenin kavithaanjali'' (Mayakovsky's elegy Vladimir Ilyich Lenin)

===Novels===
*''Silai pesitrru''
*''Panchum pasiyum''
*''Marudha Pandiyan''

===Short story collections===
*''Serril Malarndha Senthamarai''
*''Kshanapitham''
*''Sudarmam''
*''Ragunathan kadhaigal''

===Poetry collections===
*''Ragunathan kavidhaigal''
*''Kaviaranga kavidhaigal''
*''Kaviya parisu''
*''Tamizhaal elaathaa?''

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Sahitya Akademi Award For Tamil}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ragunathan, T. M. Chidambara}}
[[Category:1923 births]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Tamil]]
[[Category:Tamil writers]]
[[Category:People from Tirunelveli district]]
[[Category:Indian Tamil people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]

T. M. Chidambara Ragunathan - Revision history

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