T. K. Madhavan - Revision history

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	\| occupation = [[Social reformer]], [[Freedom fighter]]		\| occupation = [[Social reformer]], [[Freedom fighter]]
	\| spouse = Narayani Amma		\| spouse = Narayani Amma
	\| children = 2<ref>http://news.keralakaumudi.com/beta/news.php?NewsId=TkNSUDAwNjY1MzU=&xP=Q1lC&xDT=MjAxNS0xMS0xNyAwMTowMTowMA==&xD=MQ==&cID=Ng==</ref>		\| children = 2<ref>http://news.keralakaumudi.com/beta/news.php?NewsId=TkNSUDAwNjY1MzU=&xP=Q1lC&xDT=MjAxNS0xMS0xNyAwMTowMTowMA==&xD=MQ==&cID=Ng== {{Dead link\|date=February 2022}}</ref>
	\| nationality = Indian		\| nationality = Indian
	}}		}}

	'''T. K. Madhavan''' (2 September 1885 – 27 April 1930) was an Indian [[social reform]]er, journalist and revolutionary who was involved with the [[Sree Dharma Paripalana Yogam\|Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] (SNDP).<ref>{{cite book \|title=Religion and Social Conflict in South Asia \|editor-first=Bardwell L. \|editor-last=Smith \|publisher=BRILL \|year=1976 \|page=38 \|isbn=9789004045101 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xNAI9F8IBOgC&pg=PA38}}</ref> He ~~came~~ from [[Kerala]] and led the struggle against [[untouchability]] which was known as [[Vaikom Satyagraha]].		'''T. K. Madhavan''' (2 September 1885 – 27 April 1930) was an Indian [[social reform]]er, journalist and revolutionary, who was involved with the [[Sree Dharma Paripalana Yogam\|Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] (SNDP) Yogam.<ref>{{cite book \|title=Religion and Social Conflict in South Asia \|editor-first=Bardwell L. \|editor-last=Smith \|publisher=BRILL \|year=1976 \|page=38 \|isbn=9789004045101 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xNAI9F8IBOgC&pg=PA38}}</ref> He hailed from [[Kerala]] and led the struggle against [[untouchability]] which was known as [[Vaikom Satyagraha]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book \|last=Banik \|first=Sagar Simlandy and Sharmila Dutta \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T7E2EAAAQBAJ&dq=t+k+madhavan&pg=PA76 \|title=The Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi \|date=2021-07-03 \|publisher=PS Opus Publications \|isbn=978-81-947318-5-6 \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|title=TK Madhavan Birth Anniversary: All about social reformer who led Vaikom Satyagraha \|url=https://newsd.in/tk-madhavan-birth-anniversary-all-about-social-reformer-who-led-vaikom-satyagraha/ \|access-date=2022-03-23 \|website=Newsd.in \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news \|last=Athiyaman \|first=Pazha \|date=2019-12-24 \|title=Periyar, the hero of Vaikom \|language=en-IN \|work=The Hindu \|url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/periyar-the-hero-of-vaikom/article30383014.ece \|access-date=2022-03-23 \|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

	==Early life==		==Early life==
	Madhavan was born on 2 September 1885 at [[Karthikappally]], son of Kesavan Channar of Alummoottil family and Ummini Amma of Komalezhathu family. Alummoottil family was one of the wealthiest in the state of Travancore ~~that time~~. His maternal uncle was Komalezhathu Kunjupillai [[Chekavar]], a member of the [[Sree Moolam Popular Assembly\|Sree Moolam Praja Sabha]].		Madhavan was born on 2 September 1885 at [[Karthikappally]], as the son of Kesavan Channar of Alummoottil family and Ummini Amma of Komalezhathu family. Alummoottil family was one of the wealthiest and influential [[Ezhava]] families in the state of Travancore. His maternal uncle was Komalezhathu Kunjupillai [[Chekavar]], a member of the [[Sree Moolam Popular Assembly\|Sree Moolam Praja Sabha]].<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Raman \|first=K. Ravi \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IGiMAgAAQBAJ&dq=t+k+madhavan+alummoottil&pg=PA66 \|title=Development, Democracy and the State: Critiquing the Kerala Model of Development \|date=2010-04-14 \|publisher=Routledge \|isbn=978-1-135-15006-8 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last1=Osella \|first1=Filippo \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rMRw0gTZSJwC&dq=t+k+madhavan+alummoottil&pg=PA52 \|title=Social Mobility In Kerala: Modernity and Identity in Conflict \|last2=Caroline \|first2=Filippo \|last3=Osella \|first3=Caroline \|date=2000-12-20 \|publisher=Pluto Press \|isbn=978-0-7453-1693-2 \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

	==Career==		==Career==
	In 1917 he took over the daily newspaper, ~~Desabhimani~~. He was involved in the [[Temple Entry Proclamation\|Temple Entry Movement]], which fought for the entry of oppressed and [[low-caste]] communities to the temples of Kerala. He fought for the right of temple entry for all.<ref>https://www.scribd.com/document/254786027/T-K-madhavan-Leader-of-Temple-Entry-Movement</ref>		In 1917, Madhavan took over the daily newspaper, Deshabhimani. He was involved in the [[Temple Entry Proclamation\|Temple Entry Movement]], which fought for the entry of oppressed and [[low-caste]] communities to the temples of Kerala. He fought for the right of temple entry for all.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/254786027/T-K-madhavan-Leader-of-Temple-Entry-Movement\|title = T.K.madhavan - Leader of Temple Entry Movement \| PDF}}</ref>
	In 1918 Madhavan was elected to the Sree Moolam Praja Sabha, a legislative council of [[Travancore]]. In the same year he made his maiden speech at the Sree Moolam Assembly in lieu of his uncle Komalezhathu Kunjupillai Chekavar. He presented a resolution seeking permission of temple entry and right to worship to all people irrespective of caste and community. He moved the resolution for the eradication of untouchability in the kakkinada session of Indian National Congress in 1923. In 1924, Vaikom Sathyagraha was started under the leadership of Madhavan, [[K. Kelappan]], and K.P.Kesava Menon to get the right of oppressed class of people to travel through the road in front of Vaikom Mahadeva temple. Madhavan and Kesava Menon were arrested and imprisoned. Finally, the [[Maharaja]] of Travancore agreed to open the road to all class of people and the Vaikom Sathyagraha was a great success. However, he had to continue his struggle for the temple entry. In 1927 he was made organizing secretary of the SNDP Yogam. T.K Madhavan formed a voluntary organization "Dharma Bhata Sangham" to strengthen the activities of SNDP Yogam.

	It was T K Madhavan who wrote the biography of Dr. Palpu.		In 1918, Madhavan was elected to the Sree Moolam Praja Sabha, a legislative council of [[Travancore]]. In the same year he made his maiden speech at the Sree Moolam Assembly in lieu of his uncle Komalezhathu Kunjupillai Chekavar. He presented a resolution seeking permission of temple entry and right to worship to all people, irrespective of caste and community. He moved the resolution for the eradication of untouchability in the [[Kakinada\|Kakkinada]] session of Indian National Congress in 1923.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=A \|first=Shaji \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pbZEDwAAQBAJ&dq=t+k+madhavan+kakkinada&pg=PA158 \|title=Politicisation of Caste Relations in a Princely State \|date=2017-12-17 \|publisher=Zorba Books \|isbn=978-93-87456-00-6 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Dayal \|first=Ravi \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vSZuAAAAMAAJ&q=t+k+madhavan+kakkinada \|title=We Fought Together for Freedom: Chapters from the Indian National Movement \|date=1995 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-563286-6 \|language=en}}</ref>

			In 1924, Vaikom Sathyagraha started under the leadership of T.K. Madhavan, [[K. Kelappan]], and [[K. P. Kesava Menon\|K.P. Kesava Menon]], to get the right of oppressed class of people to travel through the road in front of [[Vaikom Sree Mahadeva Temple\|Vaikom Sree Mahadeva temple]]. Madhavan and Kesava Menon were arrested and imprisoned. Finally, the [[Maharaja]] of Travancore agreed to open the road to all class of people and the Vaikom Sathyagraha was a great success. However, he had to continue his struggle for the temple entry.<ref name=":2" />

			In 1927, Madhavan was made the organizing secretary of the SNDP Yogam. T.K Madhavan formed a voluntary organization "Dharma Bhata Sangham" to strengthen the activities of SNDP Yogam.<ref>{{Cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zEDmAAAAMAAJ&q=t+k+madhavan+alummoottil \|title=Journal of Kerala Studies \|date=2006 \|publisher=University of Kerala. \|language=en}}</ref>

			It was T.K. Madhavan who wrote the biography of [[Dr Palpu\|Dr. Palpu.]]

	==Meeting with Gandhi==		==Meeting with Gandhi==
	~~He met~~ [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi\|Gandhi]] at [[Tirunelveli]], ~~and~~ persuaded ~~him~~ to visit [[Vaikom]]. Vaikom Satyagraha was a struggle of the backward class people of Kerala for establishing their right to walk through the temple roads of Vaikom, a small temple town in South Kerala. Gandhi agreed to include the issue in the agenda of the [[Indian National Congress]].		T.K. Madhavan's meeting with [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi\|Gandhi]] on 24 September 1921 at [[Tirunelveli]] was a turning point in the history of Kerala. Madhavan persuaded Gandhi to address the people of Kerala, regarding his stand against untouchability. He also persuaded Gandhi to visit [[Vaikom]] and support the movement. Vaikom Satyagraha was a struggle of the backward class people of Kerala for establishing their right to walk through the temple roads of [[Vaikom]], a small temple town in South Kerala. The centre of the movement was the Sree Mahadeva temple at Vaikom. Gandhi agreed to include the issue in the agenda of the [[Indian National Congress]]. Gandhi's visit to Vaikom made a significant impact and in November 1925, all including [[Ezhava]]s and other backward communities were allowed to walk on the temple roads.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />

	==Death==		==Death==
	Madhavan died at his residence on 27 April 1930. A monument was raised in his honour at Chettikulangara. In 1964 [[T.K.Madhava Memorial College]] was founded at [[Nangiarkulangara]].		Madhavan died at his residence on 27 April 1930. A monument was raised in his honour at Chettikulangara. In 1964 [[T.K.Madhava Memorial College\|T.K. Madhava Memorial College]] was founded at [[Nangiarkulangara]].

	== See Also (Social reformers of Kerala) ==		== See Also (Social reformers of Kerala) ==

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	'''T. K. Madhavan''' (2 September 1885 – 27 April 1930) was an ~~[[India]]n~~ [[social reform]]er, journalist and revolutionary who was involved with the [[Sree Dharma Paripalana Yogam\|Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] (SNDP).<ref>{{cite book \|title=Religion and Social Conflict in South Asia \|editor-first=Bardwell L. \|editor-last=Smith \|publisher=BRILL \|year=1976 \|page=38 \|isbn=9789004045101 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xNAI9F8IBOgC&pg=PA38}}</ref> He came from [[Kerala]] and led the struggle against [[untouchability]] which was known as [[Vaikom Satyagraha]].		'''T. K. Madhavan''' (2 September 1885 – 27 April 1930) was an Indian [[social reform]]er, journalist and revolutionary who was involved with the [[Sree Dharma Paripalana Yogam\|Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] (SNDP).<ref>{{cite book \|title=Religion and Social Conflict in South Asia \|editor-first=Bardwell L. \|editor-last=Smith \|publisher=BRILL \|year=1976 \|page=38 \|isbn=9789004045101 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xNAI9F8IBOgC&pg=PA38}}</ref> He came from [[Kerala]] and led the struggle against [[untouchability]] which was known as [[Vaikom Satyagraha]].

	==Early life==		==Early life==

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{{short description|Indian social reformer}}
{{more citations needed|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox person
| name = T. K. Madhavan
| image =TK Madhavan Statue, Vaikom.JPG
| image_size =
| caption = Statue of T. K. Madhavan
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1885|9|2}}
| birth_place = [[Karthikappally]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1930|4|27|1885|9|2}}
| death_place =
| occupation = [[Social reformer]], [[Freedom fighter]]
| spouse = Narayani Amma
| children = 2<ref>http://news.keralakaumudi.com/beta/news.php?NewsId=TkNSUDAwNjY1MzU=&xP=Q1lC&xDT=MjAxNS0xMS0xNyAwMTowMTowMA==&xD=MQ==&cID=Ng==</ref>
| nationality = Indian
}}

'''T. K. Madhavan''' (2 September 1885 – 27 April 1930) was an [[India]]n [[social reform]]er, journalist and revolutionary who was involved with the [[Sree Dharma Paripalana Yogam|Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] (SNDP).<ref>{{cite book |title=Religion and Social Conflict in South Asia |editor-first=Bardwell L. |editor-last=Smith |publisher=BRILL |year=1976 |page=38 |isbn=9789004045101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xNAI9F8IBOgC&pg=PA38}}</ref> He came from [[Kerala]] and led the struggle against [[untouchability]] which was known as [[Vaikom Satyagraha]].

==Early life==
Madhavan was born on 2 September 1885 at [[Karthikappally]], son of Kesavan Channar of Alummoottil family and Ummini Amma of Komalezhathu family. Alummoottil family was one of the wealthiest in the state of Travancore that time. His maternal uncle was Komalezhathu Kunjupillai [[Chekavar]], a member of the [[Sree Moolam Popular Assembly|Sree Moolam Praja Sabha]].

==Career==
In 1917 he took over the daily newspaper, Desabhimani. He was involved in the [[Temple Entry Proclamation|Temple Entry Movement]], which fought for the entry of oppressed and [[low-caste]] communities to the temples of Kerala. He fought for the right of temple entry for all.<ref>https://www.scribd.com/document/254786027/T-K-madhavan-Leader-of-Temple-Entry-Movement</ref>
In 1918 Madhavan was elected to the Sree Moolam Praja Sabha, a legislative council of [[Travancore]]. In the same year he made his maiden speech at the Sree Moolam Assembly in lieu of his uncle Komalezhathu Kunjupillai Chekavar. He presented a resolution seeking permission of temple entry and right to worship to all people irrespective of caste and community. He moved the resolution for the eradication of untouchability in the kakkinada session of Indian National Congress in 1923. In 1924, Vaikom Sathyagraha was started under the leadership of Madhavan, [[K. Kelappan]], and K.P.Kesava Menon to get the right of oppressed class of people to travel through the road in front of Vaikom Mahadeva temple. Madhavan and Kesava Menon were arrested and imprisoned. Finally, the [[Maharaja]] of Travancore agreed to open the road to all class of people and the Vaikom Sathyagraha was a great success. However, he had to continue his struggle for the temple entry. In 1927 he was made organizing secretary of the SNDP Yogam. T.K Madhavan formed a voluntary organization "Dharma Bhata Sangham" to strengthen the activities of SNDP Yogam.

It was T K Madhavan who wrote the biography of Dr. Palpu.

==Meeting with Gandhi==
He met [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi|Gandhi]] at [[Tirunelveli]], and persuaded him to visit [[Vaikom]]. Vaikom Satyagraha was a struggle of the backward class people of Kerala for establishing their right to walk through the temple roads of Vaikom, a small temple town in South Kerala. Gandhi agreed to include the issue in the agenda of the [[Indian National Congress]].

==Death==
Madhavan died at his residence on 27 April 1930. A monument was raised in his honour at Chettikulangara. In 1964 [[T.K.Madhava Memorial College]] was founded at [[Nangiarkulangara]].

== See Also (Social reformers of Kerala) ==

* [[Narayana Guru|Sree Narayana Guru]]
* [[Padmanabhan Palpu|Dr. Palpu]]
* [[Kumaran Asan|Kumaranasan]]
* [[Ayyathan Gopalan|Rao Sahib Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan]]
* [[Brahmananda Swami Sivayogi]]
* [[Vagbhatananda|Vaghbhatananda]]
* [[Mithavaadi Krishnan]]
* [[Moorkoth Kumaran]]
* [[Ayyankali]]
* [[Ayya Vaikundar]]
* [[Pandit Karuppan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Narayana Guru}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Madhavan, T. K.}}
[[Category:Narayana Guru]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:1885 births]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:Activists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Dalit activists]]
[[Category:People from Alappuzha district]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian journalists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian journalists]]
[[Category:Journalists from Kerala]]