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{{use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = Indian National Congress (O)
| logo =
| colorcode = {{party color|Indian National Congress (Organization)}}
| leader = {{collapsible list|title='''Leaders'''|[[K. Kamaraj]]|[[Morarji Desai]]|[[S. Nijalingappa]]|[[C. M. Poonacha]]|[[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy]]|[[Atulya Ghosh]]|[[S. K. Patil]]|[[Hitendra Kanaiyalal Desai]]|{{nowrap|[[Satyendra Narayan Sinha]]}}|[[Chandra Bhanu Gupta]]|[[Veerendra Patil]]|[[Ashoka Mehta]]|[[Tribhuvan Narain]]|[[Ram Subhag Singh]]|[[B. D. Sharma]]}}
| country = India
| abbreviation = INC(O)
| foundation = 1969
| ideology = {{Plainlist|
* [[Conservatism]]<ref>{{cite journal|last=Jaffrelot|first=Christophe|title=The Roots and Varieties of Political Conservatism in India|journal=Studies in Indian Politics|volume=5|issue=2|publisher=Sage Journals|date=October 2017|pages=205–217|doi=10.1177/2321023017727968|s2cid=158365025|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2321023017727968|url-access=subscription|archive-date=12 January 2024|access-date=13 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112141337/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2321023017727968|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Anti-socialism]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Crisis and the Congress|url=https://openthemagazine.com/cover-stories/crisis-and-the-congress/|first=Sudeep|last=Paul|date=2020-08-28|access-date=2024-01-14|archive-date=13 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113185131/https://openthemagazine.com/cover-stories/crisis-and-the-congress/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Western Bloc|Pro-Western sentiment]]<ref>{{citation|last=Slee|first=John|title=India democracy on trial|newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|pages=22|date=1970-05-19|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tPljAAAAIBAJ&dq=%22Indian+National+Congress%22+R&pg=PA12&article_id=1756,8013460|access-date=2024-07-18|quote="The split was also an ideological clash between Mrs Gandhi's Leftist and predominantly pro-Soviet supporters and the conservative, pro-West old guard led by the party bosses"}}</ref>
}}
| split = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| merged = [[Janata Party]]
| position = [[Centre-right]]<ref>{{cite web|title=How Gujarat Congress embraced conservatism: The story of MK Gandhi, Indulal Yagnik and Sardar Patel|url=https://scroll.in/article/852975/how-gujarat-congress-embraced-conservatism-the-story-of-mk-gandhi-indulal-yagnik-and-sardar-patel|first=Christophe|last=Jaffrelot|date=2017-10-06|access-date=2024-01-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Nigam|first=Sk|title=THE INC (INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS) A PARTY OF IDEA AND CHANGES|publisher=Notion press|date=2024|isbn=979-8-89233-557-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q1oGEQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Indian+National+Congress%22+R+-wikipedia&pg=PT68|access-date=2024-07-18|quote="... the Congress(O) was right-of-centre."}}</ref> to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]]<ref>{{cite web|title=The 1970s Indian Economy: A Period of Growing Strains and the Nation's Fight Against Poverty|url=https://m.thewire.in/article/history/indian-economy-1971-poverty-bank-nationalisation-indira-gandhi|first=Arun|last=Kumar|date=2021-03-10|access-date=2024-07-18|quote="The right-wing tried to control the party but Mrs Gandhi allied with the centre-left forces and fought back and the party split."|website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Mahendra Prasad|title=Split in a Predominant Party: The Indian National Congress in 1969|publisher=Abhinav publications|date=1981|pages=41|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UOQRWuMXyRMC&q=info:VyX2kS8zrmAJ:scholar.google.com/|isbn=9788170171409|access-date=2024-07-18|quote="... as a result of the split from it of the right-wing Syndicate faction,..."}}</ref>
| national = [[Janata Morcha]]
| symbol = [[File:Charkha being plied by a woman.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert]]
| colours = {{colour box|{{party color|Indian National Congress (Organization)}}}} [[Turquoise (color)|Turquoise]]
| dissolved = 1977
}}
{{Conservatism in India|Parties}}
The '''Indian National Congress (Organisation)''' also known as '''Congress (O)''' or '''Syndicate'''/'''Old Congress''' was the rightist faction of [[Indian National Congress]] formed when the party split following the expulsion of [[Indira Gandhi]]. It was registered as a political party in 1969.

On 12 November 1969, the Prime Minister of India [[Indira Gandhi]] was expelled from the Congress party for violating party discipline. The party finally split with Indira Gandhi setting up a rival organisation ''Indian National Congress (Requisitionists)'', which came to be known as ''[[Indian National Congress (R)|Congress (R)]]'' or ''Indicate''. In the [[All India Congress Committee]], 446 of its 705 members walked over to Indira's Congress (R).<ref>Chandra, Bipan & others (2000). ''India after Independence 1947-2000'', New Delhi:Penguin Books, {{ISBN|0-14-027825-7}}, p.236</ref> [[K Kamaraj]] and later [[Morarji Desai]] were the leaders of the INC(O).

INC(O) led governments in [[Bihar]] under [[Bhola Paswan Shastri]], [[Karnataka]] under [[Veerendra Patil]], and in [[Gujarat]] under [[Hitendra K Desai]]. It was also a part of the [[Janata Morcha]] that ruled Gujarat under [[Babubhai J. Patel]] from 1975–1976 during [[The Emergency (India)|the emergency era]].

The split can in some ways be seen as a [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]]/[[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] division. Indira wanted to use a [[Populism|populist]] agenda in order to mobilise popular support for the party. The regional party elites, who formed the INC(O), stood for a more right-wing agenda, and distrusted [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet]] help.<ref>{{cite book|last=Srivastava|first=Aaku|title=Sensex of Regional Parties|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan Pvt. Limited|date=2022|isbn=978-93-5521-236-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OEeHEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Naga+People%27s+Front%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT231|access-date=2024-07-21}}</ref>

In the [[1971 Indian general election|1971 general election]], the Indian National Congress (O) won about 10% of the vote and 16 [[Lok Sabha]] seats, against 44% of the vote and 352 seats for Indira's Indian National Congress (R).<ref>{{cite book|last=Nigam|first=Sk|title=THE INC (INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS) A PARTY OF IDEA AND CHANGES|publisher=Notion press|date=2024|isbn=979-8-89233-557-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q1oGEQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Indian+National+Congress%22+R+-wikipedia&pg=PT68|access-date=2024-07-18}}</ref><br> In March 1977, the INC(O) fought the [[1977 Indian general election|post-Emergency election]] under the banner of [[Janata Party]].

The Janata Party alliance inflicted a crushing defeat on Indira's Congress Party. Nevertheless, the total vote share of Congress (O) in 1977 was almost halved from 1971 and they lost three seats. Later the same year, INC(O) formally merged with the [[Bharatiya Lok Dal]], [[Bharatiya Jan Sangh]], [[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party of India]], [[Swatantra Party]] and others to form the [[Janata Party]]. Congress (O)'s leader [[Morarji Desai]] served as the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|fourth]] [[Prime Minister of India]] from 1977 to 1979 in India's first non-Congress government.<ref name="UK">{{cite web|title=OBITUARY: Morarji Desai|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-morarji-desai-1615165.html|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|first=Kuldip|last=Singh|date=1995-04-11|access-date=2009-06-27|archive-date=3 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103104550/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-morarji-desai-1615165.html|url-status=live}}</ref> But this government could not run for 5 years and fell in 1979. Fresh Elections were called in 1980 and Indira's Indian National congress (R) swept the country and defeated the Janata party.

== Leaders ==

* [[Morarji Desai]]
* [[S. K. Patil]]
* [[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy]]
* [[S. Nijalingappa]]
* [[K. Kamaraj]]
* [[Hitendra K Desai]]
* [[Veerendra Patil]]
* [[C. M. Poonacha]]
* [[Atulya Ghosh]]
* [[Satyendra Narayan Sinha]]
* [[Chandra Bhanu Gupta]]
* [[P. M. Nadagouda]]
* [[Ashoka Mehta]]
* [[Tribhuvan Narain Singh]]
* [[Ram Subhag Singh]]
* [[B. D. Sharma]]
* Asima Sarkar
* Md. Samik Dasgupta

== See also ==

*[[Indian National Congress breakaway parties]]
*[[Indian National Congress]]
*[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
*[[All India Trinamool Congress]]
*[[Aam Aadmi Party]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian Emergency}}

[[Category:Indian National Congress]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in India]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1969]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 1977]]
[[Category:Conservative parties in India]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress (Organisation)| ]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress breakaway groups]]

Syndicate Congress - Revision history

IolaWatriama22: created new info v1!