Kanna chan: cleanup

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cleanup

->Achut Prasad Silwal at 20:36, 14 November 2021

2021-11-14T20:36:23Z

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{{short description|Prime Minister of Nepal (1939-2016)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|honorific_prefix = [[Rastra Gaurav Man Padavi|Rastra Gaurav]]
| name = Sushil Prasad Koirala
| native_name = सुशील प्रसाद कोइराला
| image = Sushil Koirala Photograph.png
| office = 47th [[Prime Minister of Nepal]]
| president = [[Ram Baran Yadav]]
| term_start = 11 February 2014
| term_end = 11 October 2015
| predecessor = [[Khil Raj Regmi]] {{small|(Acting)}}
| successor = [[Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli]]
| office1 = President of the [[Nepali Congress]]
| term_start1 = 22 September 2010
| term_end1 = 9 February 2016
| predecessor1 = [[Girija Prasad Koirala]]
| successor1 = [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]
| office2 = Member of the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]] for [[Banke 2 (constituency)|Banke–2]]
| term_start2 = 1991
| term_end2 = 1994
| predecessor2 = ''Constituency created''
| successor2 = Shanti SJB Rana
| office3 =
| term_start3 = 1999
| term_end3 = 2008
| predecessor3 = Shanti SJB Rana
| successor3 = [[Mohammad Estiyak Rai]]<br>{{small|(as member of the [[1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly|Constituent Assembly]])}}
| office4 = Member of the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|Constituent Assembly / Legislature Parliament]]
| term_start4 = 21 January 2014
| term_end4 = 9 February 2016
| predecessor4 = [[Sarbadev Ojha|Sarbadev Prasad Ojha]]
| successor4 = [[Nanda Lal Roka Chhetri]]<br>{{small|(as member of the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]])}}
| constituency4 = [[Banke 3 (constituency)|Banke–3]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1939|08|12|}}
| birth_place = [[Biratnagar]], [[Kingdom of Nepal]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2016|02|09|1939|08|12|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Kathmandu]], [[Nepal]]
| party = [[Nepali Congress]]
| nationality = Nepali
| smallimage = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/]
| parents = Bodh Prasad Koirala {{small|(father)}}<br>Kumudini Koirala {{small|(mother)}}
| nickname = ''Sushil Da'' {{small|({{Lang-ne|सुशील दा}})}}
}}
'''Sushil Prasad Koirala''' ({{Lang-ne|सुशील कोइराला}}; 12 August 1931 – 9 February 2016) was a [[Nepalis|Nepalese]] politician and the [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] from 11 February 2014 to 10 October 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Koirala elected new PM|url=http://ekantipur.com/2014/02/10/top-story/koirala-elected-new-pm/385172.html|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref> He was also President of the [[Nepali Congress]] from 2010 to 2016, having earlier served under various capacities in the party.<ref name="Resume">{{cite web|title=Personal Resume|url=http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|publisher=[[Nepali Congress]]|access-date=10 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321163024/http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|archive-date=21 March 2012}}</ref>

==Early life==
Koirala was born to Bodh Prasad and Kumudini Koirala on 12 August 1939 in [[Biratnagar]], second-largest city of Nepal.<ref name=Resume/> A member of the politically prominent [[Koirala family]], he was the cousin of former prime ministers [[Matrika Prasad Koirala]], [[B. P. Koirala|Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala]] and [[Girija Prasad Koirala]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Parashar|first1=Utpal|title=Nepali Congress looks at future without a Koirala at its helm|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/nepali-congress-looks-at-future-without-a-koirala-at-its-helm/story-n2uXKRofDi6fHDmN0hKnKN.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref>

==Political career==
Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the [[Nepali Congress]]. In 1958, he keenly participated in ''Bhadra Abagya Aandalon'' (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw [[B. P. Koirala|Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala]] become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, [[Mahendra of Nepal|King Mahendra]] planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled the elected government led by B.P. Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the [[Nepali Congress]] to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the [[1960 Nepal coup d'état|royal takeover]] of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in [[1973 Nepal plane hijack|a plane hijacking in 1973]].<ref name=kath/> While in exile, Koirala was the editor of ''Tarun'', the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998.

In 2001, he lost the leadership ballot for Nepali Congress' parliamentary party to former prime minister [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]. Koirala was appointed acting president of the party in 2008 by president [[Girija Prasad Koirala]]. The [[12th General Convention of the Nepali Congress|12th general convention]] of the Nepali Congress, on 22 September 2010, elected him party president.<ref name=kath>{{cite news|last1=Bhattarai|first1=Kamal Dev|title=ADIOS SUSHIL DA (1939-2016)|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-02-10/adios-sushil-da-1939-2016.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=10 February 2016}}</ref>

The Nepali Congress emerged as the largest party in the [[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly elections]] under Koirala's leadership. He was elected leader of the Congress' parliamentary party securing 105 out of 194 votes against former prime minister Deuba's 89 votes, and on 10 February 2014, he was nominated as prime minister by the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|constituent assembly]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Koirala elected as NC PP leader|url=http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=68598|access-date=26 January 2014|newspaper=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|My Republica]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Ghimire|first=Binod|title=For PMship, Koirala to be PP leader first|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/01/03/top-story/for-pmship-koirala-to-be-pp-leader-first/383325.html|access-date=7 January 2014|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> During his tenure as prime minister, his government was criticized for its slow aid response to the [[April 2015 Nepal earthquake]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Subramanian|first1=Samanth|title=Anger rises in Nepal over government's response to earthquake|url=http://www.thenational.ae/world/south-asia/anger-rises-in-nepal-over-governments-response-to-earthquake|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]|date=30 April 2015}}</ref> A historic agreement among the country's four major political parties was also made that year, which paved the way for the promulgation of [[Constitution of Nepal|a new constitution]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Jha|first1=Prashant|title=Why Sushil Koirala leaves a contested legacy in Nepal|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/why-sushil-koirala-leaves-a-contested-legacy-in-nepal/story-vCtuo5VgrPapSCOcuIq3YM.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> Honouring a pledge to stand down as prime minister once the new constitution came into effect, Koirala resigned on 10 October 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/nepal-pm-koirala-resigns-pm-seeks-election-151010160207623.html|title=Nepal's Koirala resigns as PM and seeks re-election|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> He sought re-election but was defeated by [[KP Sharma Oli]], leader of Congress' former coalition partners, the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (UML)]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Communist party leader elected as Nepal's new prime minister|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/11/nepal-communist-party-leader-elected-new-prime-minister-khadga-prasad-oli|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

==Electoral history==
Koirala was elected to the [[Pratinidhi Sabha]] from the [[Banke 2 (constituency)|Banke–2]] constituency in [[1991 Nepalese general election|1991]] and [[1999 Nepalese general election|1999]], while he was defeated in [[1994 Nepalese general election|1994]]. He lost in the [[2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2008 Constituent Assembly election]] from [[Banke 3 (constituency)|Banke–3]], finishing third behind the candidates of the MJFN and the UCPN (Maoist).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.election.gov.np/reports/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=Constituency%20Wise%20Top%203%20Candidate%28English%29&rand=1315196378|title=Ca Election report}}</ref> He contested and won from both Banke–3 and Chitwan–4 in the [[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly election]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Ca Election report|url=http://election.gov.np/CA2070/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=5&rand=1384967216|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402152402/http://election.gov.np/CA2070/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=5&rand=1384967216|archive-date=2015-04-02}}</ref> He later relinquished the Chitwan–4 seat and represented Banke–3 in the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|2nd Constituent Assembly]].<ref>{{cite news|date=5 February 2014|title=Top leaders give up seats from Chitwan, Kailali, Kathmandu|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/02/05/top-story/top-leaders-give-up-seats-from-chitwan-kailali-kathmandu/384951.html|access-date=5 February 2014}}</ref>

Only the top two candidates are shown below.

'''<big>1991 Pratinidhi Sabha Election</big>'''

'''Banke–2'''<ref>https://nepalresearch.org/politics/background/elections_old/election_1991_constituency_results_english.pdf</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status
|-
| [[Nepali Congress]]|| Sushil Koirala || 14,409 || Elected
|-
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (UML)]]
|–
|5,926
|Lost
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Result'''|| colspan="2" bgcolor="#d0f0c0" | Congress '''win'''
|}

'''<big>1994 Pratinidhi Sabha Election</big>'''

'''Banke–2'''<ref name="Top Two">{{cite web|url=http://www.election.gov.np/EN/toptwo.html|title=Finalised Constituencies With Top Two Candidates|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080305180248/http://www.election.gov.np/EN/toptwo.html|archive-date=2008-03-05}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status
|-
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party|RPP]]|| Shanti Shamsher Rana || 15,711 || Elected
|-
| Congress|| Sushil Koirala || 10,222 || Lost
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Result'''|| colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccb" | RPP '''gain''' from Congress
|}

'''<big>1999 Pratinidhi Sabha Election</big>'''

'''Banke–2'''<ref name="Top Two" />

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status
|-
| Congress|| Sushil Koirala || 15,256 || Elected
|-
| [[Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1998)|CPN (ML)]]|| Rijwan Ahammad Sah || 6,185 ||Lost
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Result'''|| colspan="2" bgcolor="#d0f0c0" | Congress '''gain''' from RPP
|}

'''<big>2008 Constituent Assembly Election</big>'''

'''Banke–3'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.election.gov.np/reports/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=Constituency%20Wise%20Top%203%20Candidate%28English%29&rand=1315247220|title=Ca Election report}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status
|-
| [[Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal|MJF – Nepal]] || Sarbadev Prasad Ojha || 14,900 || Elected
|-
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|UCPN (Maoist)]]|| Parma Nanda Kurmi || 6,970 ||Lost
|-
| Congress || Sushil Koirala || 5,969 ||Lost
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Result'''|| colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccb" | MJFN '''gain''' from Congress
|}

'''<big>2013 Constituent Assembly Elections</big>'''

'''Banke–3'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status
|-
| Congress || Sushil Koirala || 10,753 || Elected
|-
| [[Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal|RPP – Nepal]]|| Dhawal Shumsher Rana || 8,809 ||Lost
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Result'''|| colspan="2" bgcolor="#d0f0c0" | Congress '''gain''' from MJFN
|}

'''Chitwan–4'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status
|-
| Congress || Sushil Koirala || 20,760 || Elected
|-
| UCPN (Maoist)|| Chitra Bahadur Shrestha || 10,739 ||Lost
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Result'''|| colspan="2" bgcolor="#d0f0c0" | Congress '''gain''' from UCPN(M)
|}
'''<big>2015 Parliamentary Prime Minister Election</big>'''
{| class="wikitable"
!Party
!Candidate
!Votes
!Status
|-
|CPN (UML)
|KP Sharma Oli
|338
|Elected
|-
|Congress
|Sushil Koirala
|249
|Lost
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Result'''|| colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccb" | CPN (UML) '''gain''' from Congress
|}

==Personal life==
Koirala remained unmarried throughout his life and was known to live a simple life.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sushil shifts to GPK's apartment|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2010/04/06/capital/sushil-shifts-to-gpks-apartment/311853.html|access-date=10 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722140241/http://www.ekantipur.com/2010/04/06/capital/sushil-shifts-to-gpks-apartment/311853.html|archive-date=22 July 2015}}</ref> He was fondly known among his friends and supporters as '<nowiki/>''Sushil daa'''. Although Koirala was believed to have completed formal education with an Intermediate of Commerce (I. Comm.) degree from a college in India according to his sister-in-law, he refuted those claims and maintained to have only received informal education.

=== Illness and death ===
A heavy smoker, Koirala was diagnosed with [[tongue cancer]] in 2006 and [[lung cancer]] in June 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nepal PM Sushil Koirala has lung cancer|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-28038866|access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref> He died on 10 February 2016 at 12:50 AM of [[pneumonia]] in [[Kathmandu]], at the age of 76.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ex-PM Sushil Koirala passes away|url=http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215234857/http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|archive-date=15 February 2016|access-date=10 February 2016|newspaper=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|My Republica]]}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last1=Koirala |first1=Sushil |title=Nepal's Foreign Policy: From Expediency to Pragmatism |date=2017 |publisher=B.P. Koirala Memorial Trust|editor=Dinesh Bhattarai}}

==See also==
*[[Sushil Koirala Memorial Foundation]]
*[[Koirala cabinet, 2013]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Girija Prasad Koirala]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=President of the [[Nepali Congress]]|years=22 September 2010 – 9 February 2016}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Khil Raj Regmi]]<br>{{small|Acting}}}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Nepal|Prime Minister of Nepal]]|years=11 February 2014 – 10 October 2015}}
{{s-aft|after=[[KP Sharma Oli]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-dip}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Mohammed Nasheed]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Host leader of the [[18th SAARC summit|SAARC summit]]|years=26–27 November 2014}}
{{s-aft|after=TBA}}
{{s-end}}

{{Prime Ministers of Nepal}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Koirala, Sushil}}
[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Nepal]]
[[Category:Nepali Congress politicians]]
[[Category:People from Biratnagar]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Nepal]]
[[Category:Koirala family|S]]
[[Category:Nepalese Hindus]]
[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia in Nepal]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Nepal]]
[[Category:Deaths from lung cancer]]
[[Category:Nepal MPs 1991–1994]]
[[Category:Nepal MPs 1999–2002]]
[[Category:State funerals in Nepal]]

Sushil Koirala - Revision history

Kanna chan: cleanup

->Achut Prasad Silwal at 20:36, 14 November 2021