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{{Short description|Epithet of Vishnu}}
{{Orphan|date=January 2021}}
[[Image:Rama-Varuna.jpg|thumb|right|[[Raja Ravi Varma]] Painting – 'Rama Conquers Varuna']]{{Use British English|date=November 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}

'''Sushena''' ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: Suṣhēna; {{Literal translation|sacred army}}) is an epithet of [[Vishnu]], cited in the epic [[Hindu]] hymn [[Vishnu sahasranama|Vishnu Sahasranama]] (The thousand names of Vishnu). Several characters described in the [[Hindu texts]] also have the name Sushena.<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2012-06-29 |title=Sushena, Suṣeṇā, Suṣeṇa, Susenā: 23 definitions |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/sushena |access-date=2022-09-28 |website=www.wisdomlib.org |language=en}}</ref>

==Literature==

Stanza 58 of the Vishnu Sahasranama contains the name ''suṣhēnah'':<ref>{{Cite document
|last =Sankaranarayan
|first =P.
|year =1996
|title ={{IAST|Śrī Viṣṇu Sahasranāma Stotram}}
|place =Mumbai
|publisher =Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rama/ry296.htm
|publisher=Internet Sacred Text Archive
|title=Ramayana CANTO XXII.: BÁLI DEAD
|access-date=5 April 2009}}</ref>

<poem>
''mahāvarāho govindạh '''suṣhēnah''' kanakāngade''
''guhyo gabhēro gahanọ guptaśchakragadādharah''
</poem>

The [[Advaita]] philosopher [[Adi Shankara]]charya wrote a definitive [[Sanskrit]] commentary on the Sahasranama in the eighth century CE, which has been particularly influential for many schools of Hinduism.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.astrojyoti.com/AdiShankaracharya.htm
|title=Adi Shankaracharya
|publisher=S.P.Tata
|access-date=5 April 2009}}</ref> His commentary on Stanza 58 included: "''Suṣhēnah – He who has a charming army. The army of Vishnu is called as His Ganā. They are mainly constituted of great sages and seers and hence, their compelling enchantment.''"<ref>{{cite book
|last =Tapasyananda
|first =Swami
|year = 2002
|title = Sankara-Dig-Vijaya}}</ref><ref name="mypurohith">{{cite web
|url=http://www.mypurohith.com/Rituals/VISHNU_SAHASRANAAM43.asp
|title=VISHNU SAHASRANAAM
|publisher=mypurohit.com
|access-date=4 April 2009}}</ref>

In the 13th century CE, [[Parasara Bhattar]] wrote a commentary in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] on Vishnu Sahasranama from a [[Vaishnavism|Vaishnavite]] viewpoint, giving the opinion that [[Bhagavan]] (Vishnu) has a body that is pure ''suddha-sattva'', and the constituents of this pure body are like an army that can win over the [[jiva]]s (nitya-muktas and baddha-muktas) and make them join him in mutual enjoyment of bliss.<ref>{{citation
|title=Seeing through texts: doing theology among the Śrīvaiṣṇavas of South India
|author=Francis Xavier Clooney
|publisher=SUNY Press
|date=1996
|isbn=0791429954}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.gosai.com/chaitanya/ashrama/links/jiva-tattva-fs.html
|title=A Short Presentation on Jiva-tattva
|author=Swami B. B. Visnu
|publisher=Gosai Publishing Company
}}</ref>

==Other uses==
* Sushena was a son of [[Karna]], one of the central characters of the Mahābhārata. He was a great car-warrior who fought in the [[Kurukshetra]] war, and defeated many warriors, but was finally killed by [[Nakula]], one of the [[Pandava]] brothers, on the final day of the war.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m08/m08048.htm
|title=Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa Book 8 Section 48
|publisher=Internet Sacred Text Archive
|access-date=5 April 2009}}</ref>
* Sushena (सुषेन) was a [[vanara]] chief at the siege of [[Lanka]], when [[Rama]] formed an alliance with the vanara king [[Sugriva]], who placed an army of vanaras at Rama's disposal.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03287.htm
|title=Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa Section CCLXXXVII
|publisher=Internet Sacred Text Archive
|access-date=5 April 2009}}</ref>
* Another Sushena mentioned in the Mahābhārata was the able brother of Emperor [[Janamejaya II|Janamejaya]], son of Maharaja [[Parikshit]], of the [[Kuru Kingdom]].
* The Raja Vaidya (Royal Doctor) of Ravana's Kingdom was named Sushena, with the 'na' – the ending na of 'ta-kara' in the varnamala of the Devanagari script.

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sushen (Name)}}
[[Category:Names of Vishnu]]

Sushena - Revision history

ImportMaster: robot: Create/update articles in Category:Hindu gods.