Surya Sen - Revision history

Siddhant Babu Gamers at 19:40, 22 March 2026

2026-03-22T19:40:05Z

imported>Benz07 at 08:01, 30 August 2021

2021-08-30T08:01:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:31, 30 August 2021
Line 5:		Line 5:
	{{Infobox person		{{Infobox person
	\| honorific_prefix = Master Da		\| honorific_prefix = Master Da
	\| name = ~~Surjo~~ Sen		\| name = Surya Sen
	\| image = ~~Surya Sen real collected by Rahat~~.jpg		\| image = Surya_Sen_before_1934.jpg
	\| caption = A photograph of ~~Surjo~~ Sen		\| caption = A photograph of Surya Sen
	\| native_name = সূর্য সেন (~~Surjo~~ Sen)		\| native_name = সূর্য সেন (Surja Sen)
	\| birth_name = Surjo ~~Kumar~~ Sen		\| birth_name = Surjo Sen
	\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1894\|03\|22\|df=yes}}		\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|1894\|03\|22\|df=yes}}
	\| birth_place = [[Raozan]], [[Chittagong District\|Chittagong district]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Bangladesh ]]<br/>(now in [[Bangladesh]])		\| birth_place = [[Raozan]], [[Chittagong District\|Chittagong district]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Bangladesh ]]<br/>(now in [[Bangladesh]])
Line 16:		Line 16:
	\| death_place = [[Chittagong]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Bangladesh]]		\| death_place = [[Chittagong]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Bangladesh]]
	\| movement = [[Indian Independence movement]]		\| movement = [[Indian Independence movement]]
	\| nationality = [[British ~~India~~]]		\| nationality = [[British Indian]]
	<br/>Modern Day: Bangladesh (Bengali)		<br/>Modern Day: Bangladesh (Bengali)
	\| known for = [[Chittagong armoury raid]]		\| known for = [[Chittagong armoury raid]]
Line 23:		Line 23:
	{{Anushilan Samiti}}		{{Anushilan Samiti}}

	'''Surya Sen''', also called ~~Surjo~~ Sen (22 March 1894{{snd}}12 January 1934) was an Indian revolutionary who was influential in the [[Indian independence movement]] against [[British Raj\|British rule in India]] and is best known for leading the 1930 [[Chittagong armoury raid]].		'''Surya Sen''', also called '''Surya Kumar Sen''' (22 March 1894{{snd}}12 January 1934), was an Indian revolutionary who was influential in the [[Indian independence movement]] against [[British Raj\|British rule in India]] and is best known for leading the 1930 [[Chittagong armoury raid]].

	Sen was a school [[teacher]] by profession and was popularly known as '''''Master Da''''' ("da" is an [[honorific]] suffix in [[Bengali language]]). He was influenced by the nationalist ideals in 1916 while he was a student of B.A. in [[Berhampore College\|Behrampore College]].<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Islam\|first1=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Chief ed. Sirajul\|title=Surya Sen\|date=2003\|publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]\|location=Dhaka\|isbn=9843205766\|edition=1. publ.\|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Surya_Sen,_"Mastarda"\|access-date=28 June 2015}}</ref> In 1918, he was selected as president of the [[Indian National Congress]]'s Chittagong branch.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Subhas Chandra Bose and Middle Class Radicalism: A Study in Indian Nationalism, 1928-1940\|last=Chakrabarti\|first=Bidyut\|publisher=I. B. Tauris & Co. Ltd\|year=1990\|isbn=1850431493\|pages=108}}</ref>		Sen was a school [[teacher]] by profession and was popularly known as '''''Master Da''''' ("da" is an [[honorific]] suffix in [[Bengali language]]). He was influenced by the nationalist ideals in 1916 while he was a student of B.A. in [[Berhampore College\|Behrampore College]].<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Islam\|first1=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Chief ed. Sirajul\|title=Surya Sen\|date=2003\|publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]\|location=Dhaka\|isbn=9843205766\|edition=1. publ.\|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Surya_Sen,_"Mastarda"\|access-date=28 June 2015}}</ref> In 1918, he was selected as president of the [[Indian National Congress]]'s Chittagong branch.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Subhas Chandra Bose and Middle Class Radicalism: A Study in Indian Nationalism, 1928-1940\|last=Chakrabarti\|first=Bidyut\|publisher=I. B. Tauris & Co. Ltd\|year=1990\|isbn=1850431493\|pages=108}}</ref>
Line 46:		Line 46:
	Sen stayed in hiding, and kept moving from one place to another. Sometimes he took up a job as a workman, a farmer, a priest, a house worker or even hid as a pious Muslim. This is how he avoided being captured by the British.		Sen stayed in hiding, and kept moving from one place to another. Sometimes he took up a job as a workman, a farmer, a priest, a house worker or even hid as a pious Muslim. This is how he avoided being captured by the British.

	He hid in the house of a friend. His relative named Netra Sen lived not far away.<ref ~~name="Aurobindo Bhawan 2021. p. 36"~~>Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 36)</ref> But Netra Sen informed the British of his hiding place, and the police came and captured him in February 1933.<ref ~~name="~~Aurobindo Bhawan 2021. p. 36"/> Before Netra Sen could be rewarded by the British, a revolutionary came into his house and beheaded him with ''da'' (a long knife). As Netra Sen's wife was a big supporter of Surjo Sen, she never disclosed the name of the revolutionary who killed Netra Sen. Another revolutionary named [[Tarakeswar Dastidar]] was also hanged together with Sen.		He hid in the house of a friend. His relative named Netra Sen lived not far away.<ref>Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 36)</ref> But Netra Sen informed the British of his hiding place, and the police came and captured him in February 1933.<ref>Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 36)</ref> Before Netra Sen could be rewarded by the British, a revolutionary came into his house and beheaded him with ''da'' (a long knife). As Netra Sen's wife was a big supporter of Surjo Sen, she never disclosed the name of the revolutionary who killed Netra Sen. Another revolutionary named [[Tarakeswar Dastidar]] was also hanged together with Sen.

	His last letter was written to his friends and said: "Death is knocking at my door. My mind is flying away towards eternity. At such a pleasant, at such a grave, at such a solemn moment, what shall I leave behind you? Only one thing, that is my dream, a golden dream – the dream of free India. Never forget the date, 18th of April, 1930, the day of the eastern Rebellion in Chittagong. Write in red letters in the core of your hearts the names of the patriots who have sacrificed their lives at the altar of India's freedom."		His last letter was written to his friends and said: "Death is knocking at my door. My mind is flying away towards eternity. At such a pleasant, at such a grave, at such a solemn moment, what shall I leave behind you? Only one thing, that is my dream, a golden dream – the dream of free India. Never forget the date, 18th of April, 1930, the day of the eastern Rebellion in Chittagong. Write in red letters in the core of your hearts the names of the patriots who have sacrificed their lives at the altar of India's freedom."

CleanupBot: /* Arrest and death */clean up

2021-08-12T09:21:15Z

Arrest and death: clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:51, 12 August 2021
Line 46:		Line 46:
	Sen stayed in hiding, and kept moving from one place to another. Sometimes he took up a job as a workman, a farmer, a priest, a house worker or even hid as a pious Muslim. This is how he avoided being captured by the British.		Sen stayed in hiding, and kept moving from one place to another. Sometimes he took up a job as a workman, a farmer, a priest, a house worker or even hid as a pious Muslim. This is how he avoided being captured by the British.

	He hid in the house of a friend. His relative named Netra Sen lived not far away.<ref>Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 36)</ref> But Netra Sen informed the British of his hiding place, and the police came and captured him in February 1933.<ref~~>Srinvantu magazine (~~Aurobindo Bhawan~~, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March~~ 2021. p. 36)</~~ref~~> Before Netra Sen could be rewarded by the British, a revolutionary came into his house and beheaded him with ''da'' (a long knife). As Netra Sen's wife was a big supporter of Surjo Sen, she never disclosed the name of the revolutionary who killed Netra Sen. Another revolutionary named [[Tarakeswar Dastidar]] was also hanged together with Sen.		He hid in the house of a friend. His relative named Netra Sen lived not far away.<ref name="Aurobindo Bhawan 2021. p. 36">Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 36)</ref> But Netra Sen informed the British of his hiding place, and the police came and captured him in February 1933.<ref name="Aurobindo Bhawan 2021. p. 36"/> Before Netra Sen could be rewarded by the British, a revolutionary came into his house and beheaded him with ''da'' (a long knife). As Netra Sen's wife was a big supporter of Surjo Sen, she never disclosed the name of the revolutionary who killed Netra Sen. Another revolutionary named [[Tarakeswar Dastidar]] was also hanged together with Sen.

	His last letter was written to his friends and said: "Death is knocking at my door. My mind is flying away towards eternity. At such a pleasant, at such a grave, at such a solemn moment, what shall I leave behind you? Only one thing, that is my dream, a golden dream – the dream of free India. Never forget the date, 18th of April, 1930, the day of the eastern Rebellion in Chittagong. Write in red letters in the core of your hearts the names of the patriots who have sacrificed their lives at the altar of India's freedom."		His last letter was written to his friends and said: "Death is knocking at my door. My mind is flying away towards eternity. At such a pleasant, at such a grave, at such a solemn moment, what shall I leave behind you? Only one thing, that is my dream, a golden dream – the dream of free India. Never forget the date, 18th of April, 1930, the day of the eastern Rebellion in Chittagong. Write in red letters in the core of your hearts the names of the patriots who have sacrificed their lives at the altar of India's freedom."

Flying Bee: Created page with "{{short description|Indian Bengali revolutionary}} {{More citations needed|date=August 2020}} {{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}} {{..."

2021-08-07T12:51:20Z

Created page with "{{short description|Indian Bengali revolutionary}} {{More citations needed|date=August 2020}} {{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}} {{..."

New page

{{short description|Indian Bengali revolutionary}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = Master Da
| name = Surjo Sen
| image = Surya Sen real collected by Rahat.jpg
| caption = A photograph of Surjo Sen
| native_name = সূর্য সেন (Surjo Sen)
| birth_name = Surjo Kumar Sen
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1894|03|22|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Raozan]], [[Chittagong District|Chittagong district]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Bangladesh ]]<br/>(now in [[Bangladesh]])
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1934|1|12|1894|03|22|df=yes}}
| death_cause = [[Execution by hanging]]
| death_place = [[Chittagong]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Bangladesh]]
| movement = [[Indian Independence movement]]
| nationality = [[British India]]
<br/>Modern Day: Bangladesh (Bengali)
| known for = [[Chittagong armoury raid]]
| organization = [[Indian National Congress]] [[Anushilan Samiti]]
}}
{{Anushilan Samiti}}

'''Surya Sen''', also called Surjo Sen (22 March 1894{{snd}}12 January 1934) was an Indian revolutionary who was influential in the [[Indian independence movement]] against [[British Raj|British rule in India]] and is best known for leading the 1930 [[Chittagong armoury raid]].

Sen was a school [[teacher]] by profession and was popularly known as '''''Master Da''''' ("da" is an [[honorific]] suffix in [[Bengali language]]). He was influenced by the nationalist ideals in 1916 while he was a student of B.A. in [[Berhampore College|Behrampore College]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Islam|first1=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Chief ed. Sirajul|title=Surya Sen|date=2003|publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]|location=Dhaka|isbn=9843205766|edition=1. publ.|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Surya_Sen,_"Mastarda"|access-date=28 June 2015}}</ref> In 1918, he was selected as president of the [[Indian National Congress]]'s Chittagong branch.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Subhas Chandra Bose and Middle Class Radicalism: A Study in Indian Nationalism, 1928-1940|last=Chakrabarti|first=Bidyut|publisher=I. B. Tauris & Co. Ltd|year=1990|isbn=1850431493|pages=108}}</ref>

Sen was known for recruiting a group of young and passionate revolutionaries known as the Chittagong group including [[Ananta Singh]], [[Ganesh Ghosh]] and [[Lokenath Bal]], who fought against the British stationed in [[Chittagong]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=India's struggle for independence 1857-1947|last=Chandra|first=Bipan|publisher=Penguin|year=1988|isbn=9788184751833|oclc=983835276}}</ref>

He was an active participant in the [[Non-co-operation movement]] and was later arrested and imprisoned for 2 years from 1926 to 1928 for his revolutionary activities. A brilliant and inspirational organiser, Sen was fond of saying "[[Humanism]] is a special virtue of the revolutionary."<ref name=":0" />

After the Chittagong raid in 1930 and a fierce battle where over 80 British troops and 12 [[revolutionaries]] were killed, Sen and other surviving revolutionaries dispersed into small groups and hid in neighbouring villages, launching raids on government personnel and property. Sen was arrested on 16 February 1933, tried and was hanged on 12 January 1934. Many of his fellow revolutionaries were also caught and sentenced to long periods of imprisonment.<ref name=":0" />

He was immensely tortured by the police before hanging. It is said that his teeth were hammered off and his nails were plucked out by the jailer so that he could not say 'Bande Mataram' on his death.

==Early life==
[[File:Surya Sen wanted 22 June 1932.jpg|left|thumb|291x291px|Sen wanted for 10,000 taka, poster distributed by the Inspector-General of the Police Division of Chittagong in 1932.|alt=]]
Sen was born on 22 March 1894<ref name="Vijay Kumar">{{cite book|author=Kumar, Vijay |date=2008 |title=हर दिन पावन |publisher=[[लोकहित प्रकाशन]]|isbn=9788189606350}}</ref> in a Baidya family<ref>{{cite web | url=https://abhipedia.abhimanu.com/Article/State/NTE3MDcEEQQVV/Surya-Sen-West-Bengal-State | title=Surya Sen | publisher=abhipedia.com | accessdate=16 June 2021 }}</ref> at Noapara, under [[Raozan Upazila]] in [[Chittagong]]. His father Ramaniranjan Sen was a teacher. In 1916, when he was a B.A. student in [[Krishnath College|Berhampore College]] (now [[Krishnath College]]) of [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]] he learned about Indian freedom movement from one of his teachers. He felt attracted towards revolutionary ideals and joined the revolutionary organisation ''[[Anushilan Samity]]''. After completing his studies he returned to [[Chittagong]] in 1918 and became a Mathematics teacher at National school, [[Nandankanan, Chittagong|Nandankanan]]. At that time, [[Indian National Congress]] was the most prominent political party there.

== Chittagong armoury raid ==
{{main|Chittagong armoury raid}}
Sen led a group of revolutionaries on 18 April 1930 to raid the armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the Chittagong armoury.<ref name="chandra">{{cite book |last=Chandra |first=Bipan |date=1989 |title=India's Struggle for Independence: 1857-1947 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UUn_FQ_I5voC&pg=PA251 |publisher=Penguin Books India |pages=251–252 |isbn=978-0-14-010781-4}}</ref> The plan was elaborate and included seizing of arms from the armoury as well as destruction of communication system of the city (including telephone, telegraph and railway), thereby isolating Chittagong from the rest of [[British Raj]].<ref name="chandra"/> However, although the group gained the arms, they failed to capture the ammunition. They hoisted the [[Indian National Flag]] on the premises of the armoury, and then escaped. A few days later, a large fraction of the revolutionary group was cornered in the nearby ''Jalalabad Hills'' by the [[British troops]]. In the ensuing fight, twelve [[Revolutionaries]] died, many were arrested, while some managed to flee, including Sen.<ref name="chandra"/>

==Arrest and death==
Sen stayed in hiding, and kept moving from one place to another. Sometimes he took up a job as a workman, a farmer, a priest, a house worker or even hid as a pious Muslim. This is how he avoided being captured by the British.

He hid in the house of a friend. His relative named Netra Sen lived not far away.<ref>Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 36)</ref> But Netra Sen informed the British of his hiding place, and the police came and captured him in February 1933.<ref>Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 36)</ref> Before Netra Sen could be rewarded by the British, a revolutionary came into his house and beheaded him with ''da'' (a long knife). As Netra Sen's wife was a big supporter of Surjo Sen, she never disclosed the name of the revolutionary who killed Netra Sen. Another revolutionary named [[Tarakeswar Dastidar]] was also hanged together with Sen.

His last letter was written to his friends and said: "Death is knocking at my door. My mind is flying away towards eternity. At such a pleasant, at such a grave, at such a solemn moment, what shall I leave behind you? Only one thing, that is my dream, a golden dream – the dream of free India. Never forget the date, 18th of April, 1930, the day of the eastern Rebellion in Chittagong. Write in red letters in the core of your hearts the names of the patriots who have sacrificed their lives at the altar of India's freedom."
<ref>Srinvantu magazine (Aurobindo Bhawan, 8, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700 071. ed. 8 March 2021. p. 37)</ref>
<gallery mode="packed-overlay" heights="180" caption="The gallows in Chittagong Central Jail, where Sen was hanged. The Government of Bangladesh has designated it a historical monument.">
File:HangplatformLeft.jpg
File:Hangplatform left.JPG
File:Hangplarform close.JPG
</gallery>

==In popular media==
Indian film director [[Ashutosh Gowariker]] directed the film ''[[Khelein Hum Jee Jaan Sey]]'' (2010) about Sen's life. Actor [[Abhishek Bachchan]] played the role of Sen.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ashutosh Gowariker's Khelein Hum Jee Jaan Sey to be released on December 3 |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_ashutosh-gowariker-s-khelein-hum-jee-jaan-sey-to-be-released-on-December-3-1374400 |work=Daily News & Analysis |date=22 April 2010 |access-date=11 October 2011}}</ref> Another film ''[[Chittagong (film)|Chittagong]]'' (2012) directed by [[Bedabrata Pain]] was about Sen's armoury raid. [[Manoj Bajpayee]] played the leading role.<ref>{{cite news |title='Chittagong': Manoj Bajpayee took no money for the film |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-28/news-interviews/34147404_1_actor-manoj-bajpayee-nasa-scientist-bedabrata-pain-film |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103100119/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-28/news-interviews/34147404_1_actor-manoj-bajpayee-nasa-scientist-bedabrata-pain-film |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 January 2013 |date=28 September 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=28 September 2012}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Pritilata Waddedar]], Bengali revolutionary nationalist
* Masterda Surjo Sen Metro Station, Metro Railway Station in [[Kolkata]], [[India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.srichinmoylibrary.com/books/1399/1/37 Chittagong's Greatest Revolutionary Hero: Surjya Sen]
{{Indian independence movement}}
{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sen, Surjo}}
[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:1934 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century executions by the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Bengali people]]
[[Category:Executed Indian people]]
[[Category:Executed revolutionaries]]
[[Category:History of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:History of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]]
[[Category:People from Chittagong]]
[[Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Anti-British establishment revolutionaries from East Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian independence armed struggle activists]]