RoseKort2620073: further fixed structure per sources additionally as per guidelines

2025-12-23T14:50:41Z

further fixed structure per sources additionally as per guidelines

imported>WikiCleanerBot: v2.04b - Bot T27 CW#569 - Fix errors for CW project (Non-breaking space)

2021-08-09T22:17:52Z

v2.04b - Bot T27 CW#569 - Fix errors for CW project (Non-breaking space)

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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Suru River
| name_native = सुरु/ سرو دریا
| name_native_lang =
| name_other =
| name_etymology =

| image = Suru River.jpg
| image_size = 290 px
| image_caption = Suru River at [[Kargil town]]
| map = Suru (rivière).png
| map_size = 280px
| map_caption = Course of the Suru
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_size =
| pushpin_map_caption=

| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]], [[Pakistan]]
| subdivision_type2 = State / Region
| subdivision_name2 = [[Ladakh]] (India), [[Gilgit-Baltistan]] (Pakistan)
| subdivision_type3 = District / Division
| subdivision_name3 = [[Kargil district|Kargil]] (India), [[Skardu District|Skardu]] (Pakistan)
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =

| length = {{convert|185|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| width_min =
| width_avg =
| width_max =
| depth_min =
| depth_avg =
| depth_max =
| discharge1_location=
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg = {{convert|385|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_max =

| source1 = {{Coord|33.832917|N|76.21861|E|display=inline,title}}
| source1_location = Panzella glacier, [[Pensi La]] [[Kargil district|Kargil]], [[India]]
| source1_coordinates=
| source1_elevation = {{convert|4555|m|abbr=on}}
| mouth = {{Coord|34.746134|N|76.215927|E|display=inline}}
| mouth_location = [[Indus River]] at Nurla, Marol, [[Skardu District|Skardu]], [[Pakistan]]
| mouth_coordinates =
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|2528|m|abbr=on}}
| progression =
| river_system =
| basin_size =
| tributaries_left =
| tributaries_right =
| custom_label =
| custom_data =
| extra =
}}

The '''Suru River''' ({{Lang-hi|सुरु}} {{Lang-ur|سرو دریا}}), a tributary of [[Indus River|Indus]] river that flows through the [[Kargil district]] of [[Ladakh]]. The Suru valley is coextensive with the Kargil tehsil (subdistrict), with the [[Kargil town]] occurring on its banks. The river flows north into the [[Skardu District]] of [[Baltistan]] in Pakistan, where it joins the Indus at Nurla.<ref name="suru indus">{{cite book|author=S. S. Negi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=54RgJ6FgMl0C&pg=PA13&dq=suru+river+tributary+of+indus+river&output=html_text&cd=3|title=Cold Deserts of India|publisher=Indus Publishing, 2002|year=2002|isbn=9788173871276|page=-13|access-date=28 August 2012}}</ref>

== Geography ==
[[File:Kargil's Kun and Nun mountain.jpg|thumb|left|[[Nun Kun]] Mountain massif at the distance]]
The Suru River is a {{convert|185|km}} long river, that originates from the Panzella glacier which lies at [[Pensi La]] pass near the [[Drang Drung Glacier]]. The Drang Drung Glacier also gives rise to the [[Stod River]] which flows down in the opposite direction from the Suru. The source of the Suru River lies {{convert|142|km}} south of [[Kargil town]], and {{convert|79|km}} north from [[Zanskar]]. [[Srinagar]], the capital of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] lies {{convert|331|km}} to the west.{{Citation needed|date=October 2012}} The Suru River forms the western and northern boundary of the Zanskar Range.<ref name="zanskar range">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ladakh.com/ladakh-info/rivers|title=Rivers of Ladakh|publisher=ladakh.com|access-date=2012-08-29|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902233945/http://www.ladakh.com/ladakh-info/rivers|archive-date=2 September 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The river flows westwards, along with the Kargil-Zanaskar Road, from its source and forms the Suru valley, which is towered by the [[massif]] of [[Nun Kun]] mountain. It drains the Nun Kun mountain massif of the [[Zanskar Range]] in the Suru valley, and is joined by a tributary "Shafat Nala" at the pastures of [[Gulmatango]]. This stream originates from the [[Shafat Glacier]].<ref name="Suru valley">{{cite book | authors=Prem Singh Jina | title=Ladakh: The Land and the People |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjhcZgDy-WMC&pg=PA16&dq=Suru+valley&output=html_text&cd=9 | access-date=29 August 2012 | year=1996 | publisher=Indus Publishing, 1996 | isbn=9788173870576 | page=-16}}</ref> The Suru River then flows northwards through a deep, narrow gorge to [[Kargil town]], where it is fed by the Botkul River which originates from the glacier of the same name.<ref name="suru indus"/> The [[Dras River]], fed by the [[Shingo River]], joins the Suru River at Kharul, {{convert|7|km}} north of Kargil town.<ref name="Dras valley">{{cite book | author=Omacanda Hāṇḍā | title=Buddhist Western Himalaya: A politico-religious history |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R4VuovXa5YUC&pg=PA67&dq=dras+river&output=html_text&cd=9 | access-date=27 August 2012 | year=2001 | publisher=Indus Publishing, 2001 | isbn=9788173871245 | page=-67}}</ref> The Suru River then enters the [[Azad Kashmir|Pakistani Administered Kashmir]] {{convert|5|km}} ahead from the point of merger of Dras and Suru rivers through Post 43 and Post 44 of India and Pakistan respectively and merges with the [[Indus River]] at Nurla.<ref name="suru indus"/><ref name="zanskar range"/>

[[File:Kargil-suru.jpg|thumb|left|Suru River]]
Most part of the river flows within the jurisdiction of [[Kargil district]]. It flows through the towns of Tongul, Suru, Grantung, Goma and Kharul. [[Kargil town]] is the largest city situated on the banks of the Suru River, also being the second largest city in the Ladakh region after [[Leh]]. A branch of the anicient [[Silk Road]] ran alongside the Suru River, connecting Kargil and [[Skardu]]. The road is now closed due to the [[Line of Control]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gaffarakashmir.com/kargil.html|title=Kargil the Suru valley|publisher=gaffarkashmir.com|access-date=2012-08-29}}</ref><ref name="Kargil on Suru">{{cite book | author=Sanjeev Kumar Bhasin | title=Amazing Land Ladakh: Places, People, and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8IZloNzI8BgC&pg=PA28&dq=suru+river+joins+indus&output=html_text&cd=4 | access-date=28 August 2012 | year=2006 | publisher=Indus Publishing, 2006 | isbn=9788173871863 | page=-28}}</ref>

The Suru River has extensive possibilities for rafting and it is practised during the summer. The Suru Valley is the starting point for rafting trips, and it also provides a base for [[mountaineering]] expeditions to the Nun Kun mountain massif.<ref name="rafting on Suru">{{cite book | authors=Yogendra Bali, R. S. Somi | title=Incredible Himalayas: Environment, Culture, Tourism, and Adventure |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5CXbqpzmhIC&pg=PA143&dq=rafting+in+suru+river&output=html_text&cd=5 | access-date=29 August 2012 | year=2005 | publisher=Indus Publishing, 2005 | isbn=9788173871795 | page=-143}}</ref>

Agriculture in Ladakh is scarce due to the dry climate, and is restricted to the river valleys. The Suru valley, formed by the catchment of the Suru River, receives irrigation through the canals of the Suru River. The main crops grown in the valley include [[barley]], [[buckwheat]], [[turnip]]s and [[mustard plant|mustard]].<ref name="agriculture in Suru valley">{{cite book | author=Indu Ramchandani | title=Students' Britannica India, Volumes 1-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kEj-2a7pmVMC&pg=PA126&dq=agriculture+on+suru+river&output=html_text&cd=7 | access-date=29 August 2012 | year=2000 | publisher=Popular Prakashan, 2000 | isbn=9780852297605 | page=-126}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons-inline|Suru River}}

{{Ladakh}}
{{Hydrography of Jammu and Kashmir}}

[[Category:Rivers of Ladakh]]
[[Category:Indus basin]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]

Suru River (Indus) - Revision history

RoseKort2620073: further fixed structure per sources additionally as per guidelines

imported>WikiCleanerBot: v2.04b - Bot T27 CW#569 - Fix errors for CW project (Non-breaking space)