imported>SalamAlayka at 16:27, 26 July 2021

2021-07-26T16:27:42Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
[[File:Bangladesh LOC 1996 map.jpg|right|thumb|A map showing major rivers in Bangladesh including the Surma.]]
The '''Surma River''' ({{lang-bn|সুরমা নদী}}) is a major river in [[Bangladesh]], part of the [[Surma-Meghna River System]]. It starts when the [[Barak River]] from northeast India divides at the Bangladesh border into the Surma and the [[Kushiyara River|Kushiyara]] rivers. It ends in [[Kishoreganj District]], above [[Bhairab Upazila|Bhairab Bāzār]],<ref>{{GEOnet2|32FA88146F833774E0440003BA962ED3|Bhairab Bāzār (Approved)}}, [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]</ref> where the two rivers rejoin to form the [[Meghna River]]. The waters from the river ultimately flow into the [[Bay of Bengal]].

The average depth of river is {{convert|282|ft|m}} and maximum depth is {{convert|550|ft|m}}.

==Course==
From its source in the Manipur Hills near Mao Songsang, the river is known as the [[Barak River]].
At the border with Bangladesh, the river divides with the northern branch being called the Surma River and the southern the [[Kushiyara River]]. This is where the river enters the Sylhet Depression (or trough) which forms the [[Surma Basin]].<ref>[http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514267117 Mannan, Abdul (2002) "Stratigraphic evolution and geochemistry of the Neogene Surma Group, Surma Basin, Sylhet, Bangladesh" University of Oulu, Oulu, Bangladesh], {{ISBN|951-42-6710-9}}</ref>

The Surma is fed by tributaries from the Meghalaya Hills to the north, and is also known as the Baulai River after it is joined by the south-flowing [[Someshwari River]].

The Kushiyara receives tributaries from the Sylhet Hills and Tripura Hills to the south, the principal one from the Tripura Hills being the Manu. The Kushiyara is also known as the Kalni River after it is joined by a major offshoot (distributary) from the Surma. When the Surma and the Kushiyara finally rejoin in [[Kishoreganj District]] above Bhairab Bazar, the river is known as the Meghna River.

The Surma passes through many [[haor]]s.<ref>{{cite news |last=Niyogi |first=PK |date=17 November 2008 |title= Water, Water everywhere |work=Travel 8th Day |location=Kolkata |publisher=The Statesman |quote="There was a motor launch from Mohanganj to Sunamganj. That was a 12-hour journey one-way, cutting right across the haors ... the launch cruised into the Surma River. I looked around and it was water, water everywhere. The river was lost in what the locals called Alir Haor."}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Surma River 0002.jpg
File:Surma river.JPG
File:BD Surma 2.jpg
File:05122009 River Surma Sylhet photo2 Ranadipam Basu.jpg
</gallery>

==References==
{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite book |last=Chowdhury |first=Masud Hasan |year=2012 |chapter=Surma River |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Surma_River |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}

{{Coord|25|01|N|91|21|E|display=title|region:BD_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Rivers of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Bay of Bengal]]
[[Category:Kishoreganj District]]
[[Category:Distributaries of the Ganges]]
[[Category:Rivers of Dhaka Division]]

{{Bangladesh-river-stub}}

Surma River - Revision history

imported>SalamAlayka at 16:27, 26 July 2021