Loz12: cleanup details to improve readability and cleaned formatting

2026-01-21T20:35:18Z

cleanup details to improve readability and cleaned formatting

>Manavati at 22:43, 2 May 2021

2021-05-02T22:43:24Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2015}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2021}}

{{Infobox royalty
|name = Sur Singh Rathore <br/> सुर सिंह राठौर
|title =[[Sawai]] [[Raja]] of [[Jodhpur State|Marwar]]
|more =
|type =
|image =Sur Singh of Marwar.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =
|succession =Ruler of [[Marwar]]
|reign =11 July 1595 – 7 September 1619
|reign-type =
|coronation = 23 July 1595, Sringar Chowki, Mehrangarh, Jodhpur
|cor-type =
|predecessor =[[Udai Singh of Marwar|Raja Udai Singh Rathore]]
|successor =[[Gaj Singh of Marwar|Maharaja Gaj Singh Rathore]]
|succession1 =
|spouse =Sobhag Deviji
|spouse-type =Consort
|consort = yes
|issue = [[Gaj Singh of Marwar|Gaj Singh]] <br /> Manbhavati Bai.
|issue-link=#Issue|issue-pipe=among others|full name = Sawai Raja Sur Singh Rathore Ji Bahadur Sahab
|house = [[Rathore|House of Rathore]]
|father = [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Raja Udai Singh Rathore]]
|mother = Manrang Devi
|birth_name=Suraj Mal|birth_date = April 24, 1571
|birth_place = [[Delhi]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1619|09|07|1571|04|24}}
|death_place = Mahaikat, Deccan, [[Mughal Empire]]
|burial_date =
|burial_place = [[Jodhpur]], [[India]]
|occupation = Mughal General, Commander
|signature =
|religion = [[Hinduism]]
}}
'''Sawai Raja Sur Singh Rathore''' or''' Suraj Mal''' or''' Suraj Singh''' (24 April 1571 – 7 September 1619), was the Raja of [[Marwar]] Kingdom (r. 11 July 1595 – 7 September 1619).
His [[Jagat Gosain|sister]] was the third wife of Emperor [[Jahangir]] and mother of [[Shah Jahan]].

== Early life ==
Born on 24 April 1571 as Suraj Mal, he was the son of [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Raja Udai Singh]], the ruler of [[Marwar]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan ; Volume I I|pages=50}}</ref> His mother was Rajavat Kachwahi Manrang Deviji,<ref name=":0" /> the principal wife of his father<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhargava|first=Visheshwar Sarup|title=Marwar And The Mughal Emperors (1526-1748)|pages=58}}</ref> and daughter of [[Askaran|Raja Askaran]] of [[Narwar]], <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan ; Volume II|pages=45}}</ref>who was also briefly Raja of [[Amer, India|Amber]] before being ousted in favour of his uncle, [[Bharmal]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sarkar|first=J. N.|title=A History Of Jaipur|pages=33}}</ref> He was the older full brother of [[Jagat Gosain|Mani Bai]], through whom he was the maternal uncle of [[Shah Jahan|Prince Khurram]]; and [[Kishan Singh of Kishangarh|Kishan Singh]], the founder of [[Kishangarh State|Kingdom of Kishangarh]]. <ref name=":3" />

== Reign ==

Sur Singh succeeded his father upon his death and he was given tilak by Akbar on 23 July 1595. Akbar bestowed upon him 16 parganas and a mansab of 2000 Zat and Sawar.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhargava|first=Visheshwar Sarup|title=Marwar And The Mughal Emperors (1526-1748)|year=1966|pages=62-63}}</ref>

He was sent to look into the affairs of [[Gujarat]] in the absence of Princes [[Murad Mirza (son of Akbar)|Murad]] who had left for Deccan. In 1597, a revolt broke out in Gujarat and he was appointed to take the expedition against Bahadur, son of Muzaffar Gujrati. However Bahadur fled away the field without facing the besieging army.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Bhargava|first=Visheshwar Sarup|title=Marwar And The Mughal Emperors (1526-1748)|year=1966|pages=63}}</ref> In 1599, he was sent to assist [[Daniyal Mirza]] in the conquest of the [[Deccan]] for Emperor [[Akbar]].<ref name=":1" /> In 1604 on the request of Daniyal Mirza, he was allowed to return to Jodhpur and was granted Jaitaran and western half of Merta pargana.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Bhagava|first=Visheshwar Sarup|title=Marwar And The Mughal Emperors (1526-1748)|year=1966|pages=65}}</ref> He received the hereditary title of Sawai Raja in recognition of his many services.

Under the reign of [[Jahangir]], in 1607 he was sent to put down the reballion in Gujarat.<ref name=":2" /> On 1608, he attended the court of Jahangir and presented a poet who wrote verse in hindi language.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Jahangirnama; Volume I|pages=140}}</ref> Later that year, he was granted 3000 Zat and 2000 Sawar.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Jahangirnama Volume I|pages=153}}</ref> In 1613, he was granted the pargana of [[Phalodi]] and was deputed by the Emperor along with Prince [[Shah Jahan|Khurram]] to undertake the expedition of [[Mewar]]. The local knowledge by the Raja fully utilised by Khurram against the Rana of Mewar and various outpost were established on his suggestion.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhagava|first=Visheshwar Sarup|title=Marwar And The Mughal Emperors (1526-1748)|year=1966|pages=66}}</ref> In 1615, he was promoted to rank of 5000 Zat and 3300 Sawar and was posted to Deccan to subdue the various rebelling vassals. At his departure, a robe of honour along with a horse was bestowed upon him.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhargava|first=Visheshwar Sarup|title=Marwar and The Mughal Emperors (1526-1748)|year=1966|pages=67}}</ref>
== Death ==

He died on active service at Mahaikat, Deccan on 7 September 1619.

On his death, the Emperor Jahangir had remarked:<ref>{{Cite book|title=Jahangirnama, Volume II|pages=99}}</ref>

{{Quote|text=''Rāja Sūraj Singh, through the advantage of his being brought up by the late king (Akbar), and this suppliant at the throne of God, reached high rank and great dignities. His territory surpassed that of his father or grandfather.''|author=Jahangir, Emperor of India|title=}}

According to Khyats, at the time of his death, Sur Singh's sway extended over [[Jodhpur]], [[Siwana]], [[Jaitaran]], [[Jalore|Jalor]], [[Sasalmari|Satalmar]], [[Sojat]], [[Merta City|Merta]], [[Phalodi]], [[Sanchore|Sanchor]], [[Terwa Dahigawan|Terwada]], Merwada, villages of Gorwada, [[Ratlam]] and Bhatnagar in [[Malwa]], [[Chirgaon|Chorgaon]] in Deccan and [[Radhanpur]] in [[Gujarat]]. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhargava|first=Visheshwar Sarup|title=Marwar And The Mughal Emperors (1526-1748)|year=1966|pages=68-69}}</ref>

He was succeeded by his son [[Gaj Singh of Marwar|Gaj Singh]].

== Family ==

=== Consort ===
Several:<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan Vol. II|pages=50-54}}</ref>
*Bari Rani Sisodini Manorathdeji (m. before 1574, Phalodi; d. young, [[Mewar]]) – daughter of [[Shakti Singh (16th century Indian noble)|Sisodia Galhot Sakti Singh]] of Mewar – She was married to Surajmal while Udai Singh held Phalodi.
*Rani Bhatiyani Sujandeji (née Gulabkumvarbai) (m. 24 April 1585, [[Mandore]]; d. September 1619, Deccan) – daughter of Kelhan Bhati Goyandas of Pungal and Vaisalpur – She was sent to Suraj Singh in ''dōlō''. She was with him when he died in Deccan and became sati then.
*Rani Kachwahi Sobhagdeji (née Kisnavatibai) (m. 23 June 1588, [[Lahore]]; d. August 1609, [[Burhanpur]]) – daughter of Sekhavat Kachwaha Durjansal Karamsiyot – She was an adopted daughter of [[Akbar]] and he had her married to Suraj Singh while he was still a Prince.
*Rani Ahari Surtandeji (née Jasodabai) (m. 21 May 1591, Dunganpur; d. 25 March 1633, Baijnath) – daughter of Ahara Galhot Raval Sahasmal of Dungarpur – She died while at enroute home from pilgrimage.
*Rani Bari Jadav Suhagdeji (née Pohpambai) (m. 4 June 1591, Jodhpur) – daughter of Jadav Rao Mandlik – She was sent in ''dōlō'' to Suraj Singh.
*Rani Pamvar Caturangdeji (m. 20 June 1591, Arai Village; d. {{Circa|1594}}, Lahore) – daughter of Pamvar Sanga Maldevot of Pamvars of Catsu.
*Rani Solanki Manorathdeji (m. 18 February 1594, Siriyari; d. December 1606) – daughter of Solanki Khetsi Samvatsiyot of Desuri of Godhvar, a military servant of [[Amar Singh I|Amar Singh]] of Mewar.
*Rani Jareci Sahibdeji (née Ladbai) (m. 24 January 1597, [[Ahmedabad]]; d. 23 March 1639, [[Mehrangarh]]) – daughter of Jareco Jam Satrasal of Nayangar – She was sent in ''dōlō'' to Suraj Singh.
*Rani Bori Ratanadeji (née Phulambai) (m. 14 February 1597, Ahmedabad; d. {{Circa|1652}}) – daughter of Baro Chauhan Rao Vagho of Sayano Village – She was sent in ''dōlō'' to Suraj Singh.
*Rani Sodhi Uchrangdeji (m. 22 April 1598, Ahmedabad) – daughter of Sodha Panvar Rao Chandrasen of Umerkot.
*Rani Devri Hiradeji (née Kamlavatibai) (m. 25 June 1604, Mathura; d. 8 August 1647, Jodhpur) – daughter of Devri Chauhan Rao Kalo Mehajalot – She was sent in ''dōlō'' to Suraj Singh.
*Rani Virampuri Narangdeji (née Champabai) (m. 17 August 1606, Ahmedabad; d. November 1633) – daughter of Rana Vanvir.
*Rani Bhatiyani Amolakhdeji (née Parvatibai) (m. 1607, Bilaro; d. 7 September 1677) – daughter of Bhati Sahasmal Maldevot of Jaisalmer.
*Rani Pamvar Gangadeji (m. {{Circa|1610}}, Burhanpur; September 1619) – daughter of Pamvar Sadu Maldevot of Catsu – This marriage occurred to solve the vair between Rathors of Marwar and Pamvars of Catsu over the death of Bhopt Singh, brother of Suraj Singh. She became sati at the time of Suraj Singh's death.
*Rani Lohri Jadav Sujandeji (m. {{Circa|1610}}, Burhanpur; d. 21 June 1620, Mandore) – daughter of Jadav Pahar Khan – She became sati after considerable amount of time after Suraj Singh's death.
*Rani Kachawahi Norangdeji (née Amram) (m. 7 June 1612, Khandelo; d. September 1619) – daughter of Sekhavat Kachwaha Tirmanray Raysalot – She became sati at the time of Suraj Singh's death.
*Rani Kachwahi Singardeji (m. 2 December 1614, Mandal; d. 23 November 1628, Puskar) – a granddaughter of Dhuravat Kachwaha Ramdas Darbari Udavat – She was sent in dōlō to Suraj Singh. She died while on pilgrimage along [[Ganges|Ganga]].
Suraj Singh also had an Paswan :
*Mohini Paswan.

=== Issue ===
'''Sons:'''<ref name=":4" />
* A son (b. {{Circa|1586-87}}) – with Sujandeji – possibly stillborn.
*Jasvant Singh ( {{Circa|1589}}, Gujarat - aged five months) – with Sobhagdeji.
*Pratap Singh ( October 1592, Lahore - aged nine months) – with Sujandeji.
*[[Gaj Singh of Marwar|Gaj Singh]] (30 October 1595, Lahore - 6 May 1638, Agra) – with Sobhagdeji – Suraj Singh's successor to the gadi of Marwar.
*Sabal Singh (15 August 1607 - 24 January 1647, Phalodi) – with Surtandeji – Granted Phalodi and areas of Gujarat by Akbar. He was poisoned in Phalodi by a slave.
*Vijay Singh (d. aged 14 or 24 months) – with Ratandeji.
*Viramde ({{Circa|1608}} - {{Circa|1614}}) – with Hiradeji.
*A son (d. young) – with Hiradeji.
'''Daughters:'''<ref name=":4" />
* Ashkumvar Bai (d. December 1621, Burhanpur) – with Caturangdeji – She was adopted by Sujandeji, possibly after Caturangdeji's death. She was married to [[Bhau Singh|Raja Bhau Singh]] of Amber and became sati at his death.
*Manbhavati Bai (b. {{Circa|1599}}) – with Sobhagdeji – On the order of Jahangir, she was married to his second son, [[Parviz Mirza]] on {{Circa|1624}}. Gaj Singh, her uterine brother, was granted the pargana of Merto for this marriage. After Parviz's death, she remained a resident of Jahangir's household.
*Kalyankumvar Bai (d. young) – with Sobhagdeji.
*Prabhavati Bai – with Mohini Paswan – She was married to Bhati Pancavat of Jaisalmer by her half-brother Gaj Singh.
*Mrigavati Bai – with Amolakhdeji – She was married to [[Jai Singh I|Raja Jai Singh]] of Amber.
*Indrakumvar Bai (28 July 1618 - {{Circa|1622}}) – Narangdeji.
==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= 1. '''Sur Singh'''
|2= 2. [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Udai Singh]], Raja of [[Jodhpur State|Marwar]]
|3=3. Manrang Devi
|4= 4. [[Maldev Rathore|Maldeo]], Rao of [[Jodhpur State|Marwar]]
|5= 5. Swarup Devi
|6= 6. [[Askaran]], Raja of [[Narwar]]
|7=
|8= 8. [[Ganga Rathore of Marwar|Ganga]], Rao of [[Jodhpur State|Marwar]]
|9= 9. Padma Bai of [[Sirohi]]<ref>Shyam Singh Ratnawat, Krishna Gopal Sharma, ''History and culture of Rajasthan: from earliest times upto 1956 A.D.'' (1999), p.162</ref>
|10= 10. Jaito Sajavat Of Khairawa<ref> ''The Merto Rathors Of Merta, Rajasthan; Volume II'' (1966), p.29</ref>
|11=
|12= 12. [[Bhim Singh of Amber|Bhim Singh]], Raja of [[Amer, India|Amber]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Jadunath |author-link=Jadunath Sarkar |title=A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938 |publisher=Orient Longman Limited |year=1984 |page=28 |isbn=81-250-0333-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0oPIo9TXKcC&pg=PA28 }}</ref>
|13=
|14=
|15= }}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
*[[Rulers of Marwar]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sur Singh}}
[[Category:1571 births]]
[[Category:1619 deaths]]
[[Category:Rulers of Marwar]]

{{India-royal-stub}}

Sur Singh - Revision history

Loz12: cleanup details to improve readability and cleaned formatting

>Manavati at 22:43, 2 May 2021