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	{{Infobox person		{{Infobox person
	\|name = Sundara Ramaswamy		\| name = Sundara Ramaswamy
	\|image = SundaraRamaswamyPic.jpg		\| image = SundaraRamaswamyPic.jpg
	\|occupation = Writer		\| caption = Sundara Ramasamy
	\|birth_date = ~~May~~ 30~~, 1931~~		\| occupation = Writer
	\|birth_place= Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu		\| children = 1
	\|death_date = {{~~death~~ date and age\|2005\|10\|15\|1931\|5\|30}}		\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|df=yes\|1931\|5\|30\|}}
	\|death_place = United States		\| birth_place = [[Kanyakumari]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
			\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|df=yes\|2005\|10\|15\|1931\|5\|30}}
			\| death_place = [[United States]]
	}}		}}
	'''Sundara Ramaswamy''' (30 May 1931 – 15 October 2005<ref name=":3" />) was an Indian novelist, poet, and literary critic, widely considered to be a pre-eminent figure in post-Independence [[Tamil literature]].<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Living and Dying\|url=https://www.thebookreviewindia.org/living-and-dying/\|access-date=2020-12-24\|website=The Book Review\|language=en-US}}</ref> Born in 1931 in [[Nagercoil]], then part of the [[princely state]] of [[Travancore]], he grew up in [[Kottayam]] and, later, central Travancore until the age of eight, when his family moved to Nagercoil.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Sundara Ramaswamy: A Dynamic Literary Journey (1931-2005)\|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sundara-ramaswamy-1931-2005\|access-date=2020-12-23\|website=Sahapedia\|language=en}}</ref> His notable works include ''[[:ta:ஒரு புளியமரத்தின் கதை\|Oru Puliyamarathin Kathai]], J.J. Sila Kuripugal'' and ''Kuzhanthaigal, Pengal, Aangal.'' A key figure in [[Tamil literature#Modern era\|Tamil modern literature]], the translations of his novels and short stories have brought him international acclaim. Sundara Ramaswamy has been praised for his versatility, his skillful negotiation of various literary forms: poetry, short fiction and the novel.<ref>{{Cite news\|last=Srilata\|first=K.\|date=2013-07-06\|title=Negotiating a minefield\|language=en-IN\|work=The Hindu\|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/negotiating-a-minefield/article4884039.ece\|access-date=2020-12-23\|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>		'''Sundara Ramaswamy''' (30 May 1931 – 15 October 2005<ref name=":3" />) was an Indian novelist, poet, and literary critic, widely considered to be a pre-eminent figure in post-Independence [[Tamil literature]].<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Living and Dying\|url=https://www.thebookreviewindia.org/living-and-dying/\|access-date=2020-12-24\|website=The Book Review\|language=en-US}}</ref> Born in 1931 in [[Nagercoil]], then part of the [[princely state]] of [[Travancore]], he grew up in [[Kottayam]] and, later, central Travancore until the age of eight, when his family moved to Nagercoil.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Sundara Ramaswamy: A Dynamic Literary Journey (1931-2005)\|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sundara-ramaswamy-1931-2005\|access-date=2020-12-23\|website=Sahapedia\|language=en}}</ref> His notable works include ''[[:ta:ஒரு புளியமரத்தின் கதை\|Oru Puliyamarathin Kathai]], J.J. Sila Kuripugal'' and ''Kuzhanthaigal, Pengal, Aangal.'' A key figure in [[Tamil literature#Modern era\|Tamil modern literature]], the translations of his novels and short stories have brought him international acclaim. Sundara Ramaswamy has been praised for his versatility, his skillful negotiation of various literary forms: poetry, short fiction and the novel.<ref>{{Cite news\|last=Srilata\|first=K.\|date=2013-07-06\|title=Negotiating a minefield\|language=en-IN\|work=The Hindu\|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/negotiating-a-minefield/article4884039.ece\|access-date=2020-12-23\|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

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{{Multiple issues|
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{{Use Indian English|date=August 2013}}
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{{Infobox person
|name = Sundara Ramaswamy
|image = SundaraRamaswamyPic.jpg
|occupation = Writer
|birth_date = May 30, 1931
|birth_place= Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
|death_date = {{death date and age|2005|10|15|1931|5|30}}
|death_place = United States
}}
'''Sundara Ramaswamy''' (30 May 1931 – 15 October 2005<ref name=":3" />) was an Indian novelist, poet, and literary critic, widely considered to be a pre-eminent figure in post-Independence [[Tamil literature]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Living and Dying|url=https://www.thebookreviewindia.org/living-and-dying/|access-date=2020-12-24|website=The Book Review|language=en-US}}</ref> Born in 1931 in [[Nagercoil]], then part of the [[princely state]] of [[Travancore]], he grew up in [[Kottayam]] and, later, central Travancore until the age of eight, when his family moved to Nagercoil.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sundara Ramaswamy: A Dynamic Literary Journey (1931-2005)|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sundara-ramaswamy-1931-2005|access-date=2020-12-23|website=Sahapedia|language=en}}</ref> His notable works include ''[[:ta:ஒரு புளியமரத்தின் கதை|Oru Puliyamarathin Kathai]], J.J. Sila Kuripugal'' and ''Kuzhanthaigal, Pengal, Aangal.'' A key figure in [[Tamil literature#Modern era|Tamil modern literature]], the translations of his novels and short stories have brought him international acclaim. Sundara Ramaswamy has been praised for his versatility, his skillful negotiation of various literary forms: poetry, short fiction and the novel.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Srilata|first=K.|date=2013-07-06|title=Negotiating a minefield|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/negotiating-a-minefield/article4884039.ece|access-date=2020-12-23|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

Ramaswamy began his literary career translating [[Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai]]'s [[Malayalam]] novel, ''Thottiyude Makan'' into Tamil. His early short stories were published in progressive literary journals like Shanthi and Saraswati. He has written over 80 short stories, 3 novels, a little over 100 poems, as well as many essays and reviews.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sundara Ramaswamy: A Dynamic Literary Journey (1931-2005)|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sundara-ramaswamy-1931-2005|access-date=2020-12-24|website=Sahapedia|language=en}}</ref> In 1987, Sundara Ramaswamy launched a literary review, Kalachuvadu, which folded after 8 quarterly issues and a final special edition. It was later revived in 1994, by his son Kannan Sundaram, in a different form.

==Early years==
Sundara Ramaswamy spent his childhood in [[Kottayam]], [[Travancore]], where his father worked as a [[Burmah Oil]] agent. Coming from a Tamil family, he spoke the language, but as he lived in Travancore, he only learned to read and write in [[Malayalam]].<ref name=":0" /> His father decided to move to [[Nagercoil]], [[Kanyakumari]] in 1939. He continued his schooling there, but was generally considered to be a poor student. [[Kanyakumari]] then was still a part of [[Travancore]], so his education continued in Malayalam.

At ten years old, he developed rheumatoid arthritis, and remained ill for the next five or six years. Often bedridden, his schooling was interrupted regularly until he discontinued it altogether.<ref name=":1" /> He taught himself Tamil from the age of 18, and became exposed to writing from the magazine ''[[Manikkodi|Manikodi]]'', and famous Tamil writers such as Na. Pitchamurthy and [[C. S. Chellappa|C.S. Chellappa]]. He was particularly influenced by [[Pudhumaipithan|Pudumaipithan]].<ref name=":0" />

==Career==
At 20, he began his literary career, translating [[Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai|Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai's]] Malayalam novel, ''[[Thottiyude Makan]]'' into Tamil<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gnR7vBXXYXMC&q=sundara+ramaswamy&pg=PA6|title=J.J., Some Jottings|last=Rāmacāmi|first=Cuntara|publisher=Katha|year=2003|isbn=9788187649267|pages=Introduction|via=Google books}}</ref> and writing his first short story, 'Muthalum Mudivum', which he published in ''Pudimaipithan Ninaivu Malar''.
He was influenced by the works of contemporary thinkers such as [[Mahatma Gandhi|Gandhi]], [[Periyar E. V. Ramasamy|Periyar]], [[Sri Aurobindo]], [[Ramakrishna|Ramakrishna Paramahamsa]], [[Ram Manohar Lohia]], [[J. C. Kumarappa]] and J.Krishnamurty.<ref name=":3" /> In 1952, he began to be influenced by [[Marxist philosophy|Marxist theory]] after meeting the Communist T. M. C. Raghunathan, editor of the magazine ''Shanti''.<ref name=":1" /> He joined the editorial-board of ''Saraswathi'', edited by Vijayabhaskaran, who was also a Communist.<ref name="Novel">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/lr/2004/01/04/stories/2004010400220300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050131225002/http://www.hindu.com/lr/2004/01/04/stories/2004010400220300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=31 January 2005|title=Novel as critique|date=4 January 2004|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|location=India}}</ref> He met the editor [[M. Govindan|M.Govindan]] in 1957 and they became friends.<ref name=":3" />

=== Short stories and Novels ===
The majority of his early short stories were published in the magazines ''Sarawathi'' and ''Santhi,'' although he also wrote several collections, among them ''Akkaraic chimaiyil'' (On the Shores Beyond, 1959) and ''Pitatchatam'' (Offerings,1964)<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&q=palanquin+bearers+Ramaswamy&pg=PA4225|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot|publisher=Sahitya Akadem|year=1992|isbn=9788126012213|editor-last=Lal|editor-first=Mohan|volume=5|pages=4225–4226|chapter=Sundara Ramaswamy}}</ref> ''Oru Puliamarathin Kathai'' (The Story of a Tamarind Tree, 1966) was his first novel.<ref name=":4">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/lf/2003/08/27/stories/2003082708030200.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130726120922/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2003/08/27/stories/2003082708030200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 July 2013|title=Milestones in Tamil literature|date=27 August 2003|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|location=Madurai, India}}</ref> It received critical acclaim, and is now regarded as a groundbreaking classic of Tamil literature. He edited and published a literary magazine called ''Kalachuvadu'' <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/H4bumBPZ5sf0LNxWp1vmUJ/Essay--No-longer-at-ease.html|title=No longer at ease|last=Swami|first=Sridala|date=13 July 2013|work=livemint|access-date=3 September 2018}}</ref> Ramaswamy suspended active writing for nearly six years; and when he resumed in 1973,<ref name=":1" /> his style had evolved. It was in this phase that he wrote the short stories in ''Pallikutt takhihal'' (The Palanquin Bearers), the book of novellas ''Tiraikal ayiram'' (Thousand curtains,1975) and later the novel ''J.J. Silakuripukal'' (J.J. Some Notes) in 1988.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2921/stories/20121102292108700.htm|title=Novel as Debate|date=2 November 2012|newspaper=Frontline|location=India}}</ref> He published his last novel, ''Kuzhanthaigal, Pengal, Aangal'' (Children, Women, Men) in 1995.

=== Poetry ===
He wrote his first poem "Un Kai Nagam" in 1959, using the pseudonym 'Pasuvayya'<ref name=":0" /> and publishing it in ''Ezhuthu''. ''Nadunisi nayagal'' (Midnight dogs) was published in 1975 followed by ''Pasuvayya kavithagal'' (Pasuvayya poems).<ref name=":5" /> Although his earlier poems used structured language, they later became more spontaneous. His poetry is collected into the book ''107 Kavithaikal''.<ref name=":3">{{cite web | url=http://tamilnation.co/hundredtamils/ramaswamy/index.htm| title=One Hundred Tamils of the 20th Century| work=Tamil nation | date=22 June 2004 | access-date=21 May 2018}}</ref>

===Translation Work===
He has translated from Malayalam into Tamil two of [[Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai|Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai's]] books ''[[Chemmeen]]'' and [[Thottiyude Makan|''Thottiyude Magan'']]<ref name=":4" /> and short stories by [[Vaikom Muhammad Basheer|Basheer]], [[Karoor Neelakanta Pillai]] and [[M. Govindan]].<ref name=":6" />

===Critical writing===
He wrote ''Na.Pichamoorthiyin Kalai marabum manitha neyamum,'' a book of criticism on [[N.Pichamoorthi]]'s literary works. Analysing the author's poetry and short stories in depth, Ramasamy describes how Pichamoorthi has contributed to free verse poetry with his simple words and philosophy, and defines how Pichamoorthi has set the grammar on how free verse poetry should be, in comparison to many modern poets. The book was released in April 1991 by Vanathi publications.

==Translations of works==
''Oru Puliamarathin Kathai'' has been translated into English (Tale of a Tamarind Tree, Penguin India, New Delhi), Hindi, Malayalam and Hebrew.<ref name=":2" />

Penguin India has released a new translation of ''Oru Puliyamarathin Kadai'' titled ''Tamarind History''. A translation of ''Kuzhanthaikal, Pengal, Aangal'' was also released, titled ''Children, Women, Men.''<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kalachuvadu.in/mc.html|title=Translation Rights Catalogue|website=Kalachuvadu Publications, India|access-date=15 September 2018}}</ref>

==Death==
He died in the United States from [[pulmonary fibrosis]] in 2005, aged 74. He was survived by a son and two daughters.<ref name=":6">{{cite web|url=http://www.nettv4u.com/celebrity/tamil/writer/sundara-ramaswamy|title=Sundara Ramaswamy|work=Nettv4u|access-date=21 May 2018}}</ref>

==Awards and Honours==
He received the Kumaran Asan Memorial Award in 1988; the Iyal Award from [[The Tamil Literary Garden]] in 2001<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tamilliterarygarden.com/awards/sundara|title=2001 Iyal Award|publisher=Tamil Literary garden|access-date=26 July 2013}}</ref> and the Katha Chudamani Award in 2004<ref name="Novel" /><ref name=":2">{{cite news|title=Sundara Ramaswamy dead|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/16/stories/2005101604190400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051224004744/http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/16/stories/2005101604190400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 December 2005|date=16 October 2005|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramaswami, Sundara}}
[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:Tamil writers]]
[[Category:Tamil poets]]
[[Category:People from Kanyakumari district]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Poets from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian translators]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Place of death missing]]

Sundara Ramaswamy - Revision history

->Megaking23 at 20:10, 21 November 2021

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