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{{Short description|Meeting of heads of state or government}}
A '''summit meeting''' (or just '''summit''') is an international meeting of [[Head of state|heads of state]] or [[Head of government|government]], usually with considerable media exposure, tight security, and a prearranged [[Agenda (meeting)|agenda]]. Notable summit meetings include those of [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], [[Winston Churchill]], and [[Joseph Stalin]] during [[World War II]]. However, the term summit was not commonly used for such meetings until the [[Geneva Summit (1955)]].<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-jy7yYiZ8wgC&pg=PA805 |title = Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century: A History and Guide with Texts|isbn = 9780415141253|last1 = Grenville|first1 = John Ashley Soames|year = 2001}}</ref> During the [[Cold War]], when [[United States|American]] [[President of the United States|president]]s joined with [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] or [[China|Chinese]] counterparts for one-on-one meetings, the media labelled the event as a "summit". The [[post–Cold War era]] has produced an increase in the number of "summit" events. Nowadays, international summits are the most common expression for [[global governance]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2008/12/g20-summit-bradford-linn |title = Global Governance Breakthrough: The G20 Summit and the Future Agenda|date = 2001-11-30}}</ref>

==Notable summits==
{{Dynamic list}}

===[[List of World War II conferences|World War II conferences]]===
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*[[U.S.–British Staff Conference (ABC–1)]] (January 29 – March 27, 1941)
*[[Atlantic Charter|Atlantic Conference]] (August 9–12, 1941)
*[[Moscow Conference (1941)|Moscow Conference]] (September 29 – October 1, 1941)
*[[Arcadia Conference]] (December 22, 1941 – January 14, 1942)
*Second Washington Conference (June 20–25, 1942)
*[[Moscow Conference (1942)|Second Moscow Conference]] (August 12–19, 1942)
*[[Cherchell]] Conference (October 21–22, 1942)
*[[Casablanca Conference]] (January 14–24, 1943)
*[[Bermuda Conference]] (April 19, 1943)
*Third Washington Conference (May 12–27, 1943)
*[[Quebec Conference, 1943|Quebec Conference]] (August 17–24, 1943)
*[[Moscow Conference (1943)|Third Moscow Conference]] (October 18 – November 1, 1943)
*[[Cairo Conference (1943)|Cairo Conference]] (November 22–26, 1943)
*[[Tehran Conference]] (November 28 – December 1, 1943)
*[[Second Cairo Conference]] (December 4–6, 1943)
*[[Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference]] (May 1–16, 1944)
*[[United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference]] (Bretton Woods) (July 1–15, 1944)
*[[Dumbarton Oaks Conference]] (August 21–29, 1944)
*[[Second Quebec Conference]] (September 12–16, 1944)
*[[Moscow Conference (1944)|Fourth Moscow Conference]] (October 9, 1944)
*[[Malta Conference (1945)|Malta Conference]] (January 30 – February 2, 1945)
*[[Yalta Conference]] (February 4–11, 1945)
*[[United Nations Conference on International Organization]] (April 25 – June 26, 1945)
*[[Potsdam Conference]] (July 17 – August 2, 1945)
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===[[Arab League|Arab League summits]]===
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* 1974 – [[Rabat summit conference]]
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* 2002 – [[Beirut Summit]]
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===[[Earth Summit]]s===
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* 1992 – [[Earth Summit (1992)|Earth Summit]], Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
* 2002 – [[Earth Summit 2002|Earth Summit]], Johannesburg, South Africa,
* 2012 – [[UNCSD 2012|Earth Summit]], Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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===G–summits===
;[[Group of Six]] (G6), [[heads of government]]
* 1975 – [[1st G6 summit]], Château de Rambouillet

;[[Group of Seven (G7)]], heads of government
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* 1976 – [[2nd G7 summit]], San Juan
* 1977 – [[3rd G7 summit]], London
* 1978 – [[4th G7 summit]], Bonn
* 1979 – [[5th G7 summit]], Tokyo
* 1980 – [[6th G7 summit]], Venice
* 1981 – [[7th G7 summit]], Montebello
* 1982 – [[8th G7 summit]], Versailles
* 1983 – [[9th G7 summit]], Williamsburg
* 1984 – [[10th G7 summit]], London
* 1985 – [[11th G7 summit]], Bonn
* 1986 – [[12th G7 summit]], Tokyo
* 1987 – [[13th G7 summit]], Venice
* 1988 – [[14th G7 summit]], Toronto
* 1989 – [[15th G7 summit]], Grande Arche
* 1990 – [[16th G7 summit]], Houston
* 1991 – [[17th G7 summit]], London
* 1992 – [[18th G7 summit]], Munich
* 1993 – [[19th G7 summit]], Tokyo
* 1994 – [[20th G7 summit]], Naples
* 1995 – [[21st G7 summit]], Halifax
* 1996 – [[22nd G7 summit]], Lyon
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;[[Group of Eight (G8)]], heads of government
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* 1997 – [[23rd G8 summit]], Denver
* 1998 – [[24th G8 summit]], Birmingham
* 1999 – [[25th G8 summit]], Cologne
* 2000 – [[26th G8 summit]], Okinawa
* 2001 – [[27th G8 summit]], Genoa
* 2002 – [[28th G8 summit]], Kananaskis
* 2003 – [[29th G8 summit]], Évian-les-Bains
* 2004 – [[30th G8 summit]], Sea Island
* 2005 – [[31st G8 summit]], Gleneagles
* 2006 – [[32nd G8 summit]], Saint Petersburg
* 2007 – [[33rd G8 summit]], Heiligendamm
* 2008 – [[34th G8 summit]], Tōyako
* 2009 – [[35th G8 summit]], L'Aquila, Abruzzo
* 2010 – [[36th G8 summit]], Huntsville
* 2011 – [[37th G8 summit]], Deauville
* 2012 – [[38th G8 summit]], Camp David, Maryland
* 2013 – [[39th G8 summit]], Lough Erne in County Fermanagh
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;[[Group of Seven (G7)]], heads of government
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* 2014 – [[40th G7 summit]], Brussels
* 2015 – [[41st G7 summit]], Schloss Elmau, Bavaria
* 2016 – [[42nd G7 summit]], Shima, Mie Prefecture
* 2017 – [[43rd G7 summit]], Taormina, Sicily
* 2018 – [[44th G7 summit]], La Malbaie, Quebec
* 2019 – [[45th G7 summit]], Biarritz, Nouvelle-Aquitaine
* 2021 – [[47th G7 summit]], Cornwall, South West England
* 2022 – [[48th G7 summit]], Schloss Elmau, Bavaria
{{Div col end}}

;[[G-20 major economies|Group of Twenty]], heads of government
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* [[2008 G-20 Washington summit]]
* [[2009 G-20 London summit]]
* [[2009 G-20 Pittsburgh summit]]
* [[2010 G-20 Toronto summit]]
* [[2010 G-20 Seoul summit]]
* [[2011 G-20 Cannes summit]]
* [[2012 G-20 Los Cabos summit|2012 G-20 Los Cabos Summit]]
* [[2013 G-20 Saint Petersburg summit]]
* [[2014 G-20 Brisbane summit]]
* [[2015 G-20 Antalya summit]]
* [[2016 G-20 Hangzhou summit]]
* [[2017 G20 Hamburg summit|2017 G-20 Hamburg summit]]
* [[2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit|2018 G-20 Buenos Aires summit]]
* [[2019 G20 Osaka summit|2019 G-20 Osaka summit]]
* [[2020 G20 Riyadh summit|2020 G-20 Riyadh summit]]
* [[2021 G20 Rome summit|2021 G-20 Rome summit]]
* [[2022 G20 Bali summit|2022 G-20 Bali summit]]

{{Div col end}}

===[[European summit]]s===
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* 1969 – The Hague: Foreign policy and enlargement.
* 1974 – Paris: Creation of the Council.
* 1985 – Milan: Initiate [[Intergovernmental Conference|IGC]] leading to the [[Single European Act]].
* 1991 – Maastricht': Agreement on the [[Maastricht Treaty]].
* 1997 – Amsterdam: Agreement on the [[Amsterdam Treaty]].
* 1998 – Brussels: Selected member states to adopt the [[euro]].
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* 1999 – Cologne: [[List of European Councils#Cologne 1999|Declaration on military forces]].
* 1999 – Tampere: Institutional reform
* 2000 – Lisbon: [[Lisbon Strategy]]
* 2002 – Copenhagen: Agreement for May 2004 [[Enlargement of the European Union|enlargement]].
* 2007 – Lisbon: Agreement on the [[Lisbon Treaty]].
{{Col-end}}

===[[Inter-Korean summit]]s===
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* 2000 – [[2000 inter-Korean summit|1st Korean summit]]
* 2007 – [[2007 inter-Korean summit|2nd Korean summit]]
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* 2018 – [[April 2018 inter-Korean summit]]
* 2018 – [[May 2018 inter-Korean summit]]
* 2018 – [[September 2018 inter-Korean summit]]
{{Col-end}}

===[[Millennium Development Goals]]===
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* 2000 – [[Millennium Summit]], New York City
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* 2005 – [[2005 World Summit]], New York City
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===[[South American Summit]]s===
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* 2000 – 2000 South American Summit, Brasília
* 2002 – South American Summit, Guayaquil
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* 2004 – [[2004 South American Summit]], Cuzco, Peru
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===[[Summits of the Americas]]===
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* 1994 – [[1st Summit of the Americas]] at [[Miami, Florida|Miami]] in the [[United States]].
* 1996—Summit of the Americas on Sustainable Development at [[Santa Cruz, Bolivia|Santa Cruz de la Sierra]] in [[Bolivia]].
* 1998 – [[2nd Summit of the Americas]] at [[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]] in [[Chile]].
* 2001 – [[3rd Summit of the Americas]], in [[Quebec City, Quebec|Quebec City]], [[Canada]].
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* 2004 – [[Monterrey Special Summit of the Americas]] at [[Monterrey]] in [[Mexico]].
* 2005 – [[4th Summit of the Americas]] at [[Mar del Plata]] in [[Argentina]].
* 2009 – [[5th Summit of the Americas]] at [[Port-of-Spain]] in [[Trinidad and Tobago]].
* 2012 – [[6th Summit of the Americas]] at [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]] in [[Colombia]].
* 2015 – [[7th Summit of the Americas]] at [[Panama City]] in [[Panama]].
* 2018 – [[8th Summit of the Americas]] at [[Lima]] in [[Peru]].
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===[[List of international conferences on Afghanistan|UN International conferences on Afghanistan]]===
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* 2001 – [[International Conference on Afghanistan (2001)|International Conference on Afghanistan]] in [[Bonn]]
* 2004 – International Conference on Afghanistan in [[Berlin]]
* 2006 – [[International Conference on Afghanistan (2006)|International Conference on Afghanistan]] in [[London]]
* 2007 – International Conference on the [[Rule of law|Rule of Law]] in [[Afghanistan]] in [[Rome]]
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* 2008 – International Conference on Afghanistan in [[Paris]]
* 2009 – International Conference on Afghanistan in [[Moscow]]
* 2009 – [[International Conference on Afghanistan, The Hague (2009)|International Conference on Afghanistan]] in [[The Hague]]
* 2010 – [[International Conference on Afghanistan (2010)|International Conference on Afghanistan]] in [[London]]
{{Col-end}}

===[[List of Soviet Union–United States summits|Soviet Union–United States summits]]===
* Geneva Summit, July 18–23, 1955
* Washington and Camp David Summit, September 15, 26–27, 1959
* Paris Summit, May 16–17, 1960
* [[Vienna Summit]], June 3–4, 1961
* [[Glassboro Summit Conference]], June 23 and 25, 1967
* [[Moscow Summit (1972)|Moscow Summit]] (SALT I), May 22–30, 1972
* [[Washington Summit (1973)|Washington Summit]], June 18–25, 1973
* Moscow summit, June 28 – July 3, 1974
* [[Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control]], November 23–24, 1974
* Helsinki summit, July 30 and August 2, 1975
* Vienna summit (SALT II), June 15–18, 1979
* [[Geneva Summit (1985)|Geneva Summit]], November 19–21, 1985
* [[Reykjavík Summit]], October 10–12, 1986
* [[Washington Summit (1987)|Washington Summit]], December 7–10, 1987
* [[Moscow Summit (1988)|Moscow Summit]], May 29 – June 1, 1988
* New York Summit, December 7, 1988
* [[Malta Summit]], December 2–3, 1989
* Washington D.C., May 30 – June 3, 1990
* [[Helsinki Summit (1990)|Helsinki Summit]], September 9, 1990
* Paris Summit, November 19, 1990
* London Summit, July 17, 1991
* Moscow Summit (START I), July 30–31, 1991
* Madrid Summit, October 29–30, 1991

===[[List of Russia–United States summits|Russia–United States summits]]===
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{{Col-2}}
* 2001 – [[Slovenia Summit 2001]]
* 2005 – [[Slovakia Summit 2005]]
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* 2018 – [[2018 Russia–United States summit|Russia–United States summit]]
* 2021 – [[2021 Russia–United States summit|Russia–United States summit]]
{{Col-end}}

===Miscellaneous===
{{Div col}}
* 1520 – [[Field of the Cloth of Gold]]
* 1955 – [[Geneva Summit (1955)|Geneva Summit]]
* 1967 – [[Glassboro Summit Conference]]
* 1985 – [[Shamrock Summit]]
* 1986 – [[Reykjavík Summit]]
* 1989 – [[Malta Summit]]
* 1990 – [[World Summit for Children]]
* 2001 – [[Agra summit]]
* 2001 – [[Taba summit]]
* 2000 – [[2000 Camp David Summit]]
* 2003–2005 – [[World Summit on the Information Society]]
* 2005 – [[Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005]]
* 2015 – [[Valletta Summit on Migration]]
* 2017 – [[2017 Riyadh summit]]
* 2018 – [[2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit]]
* 2019 – [[2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit]]
* 2023 – [[2023 France-China Summit]]
{{Div col end}}

== See also ==
* [[ASEAN summit]]
* {{c|BRICS summits}}
* [[Organisation internationale de la Francophonie#Summits|Francophonie Summits]]
* [[NATO summit]]
* [[Non-Aligned Movement#Summits|Non-Aligned Movement Summits]]
* [[South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation#SAARC summits|SAARC Summits]]
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Diplomacy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Summit (Meeting)}}
[[Category:Diplomacy]]
[[Category:International conferences|*]]
[[Category:Diplomatic conferences|*]]
[[Category:Diplomatic visits|*]]

Summit (meeting) - Revision history

Kingfisher: Published an enlightening piece.