->SalamAlayka at 17:02, 23 June 2021

2021-06-23T17:02:08Z

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{{Short description|Sultan of Bengal from 1565 to 1572}}
{{Infobox royalty
|name = Sulaiman Karrani
|title =
|image =
|caption =
|succession = [[Sultan of Bengal]]
|reign = 1565-1572
|coronation = 1565
|father =
|full name = Sulaiman Khan Karrani
|predecessor = [[Taj Khan Karrani]]
|successor = [[Bayazid Khan Karrani]]
|issue = [[Bayazid Khan Karrani|Bayazid]], [[Daud Khan Karrani|Daud]] and one daughter
|regent =
|house = [[Karrani dynasty|Karrani]]
|birth_name =
|birth_date =
|birth_place =
|death_date = 11 October 1572
|death_place = [[Tanda, Bengal|Tanda]], [[Bengal Sultanate]]
|date of burial = October 1572
|place of burial = [[Tanda, Bengal|Tanda]], [[Bengal Sultanate]]
|religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
}}{{Bengal Sultanate}}
'''Sulaiman Khan Karrani''' ({{lang-bn|সুলায়মান খান কররানী}}, {{lang-fa|{{Nastaliq|سليمان خان کرانی}}}}; reigned: 1565–1572) was a [[Sultan of Bengal]]. He ascended to the throne after the death of his brother [[Taj Khan Karrani]].<ref name="Hasan2007" /> According to the ''[[Riyaz-us-Salatin]]'', he shifted the seat of government from [[Gaur, West Bengal|Gaur]] to [[Tanda, Bengal|Tanda]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760|last=Eaton|first=Richard M.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/riseofislambenga00eato/page/140 140–2]|isbn=0-520-20507-3|year=1993|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|url=https://archive.org/details/riseofislambenga00eato/page/140}}</ref>

Sulaiman, his brother Taj and Sulaiman's sons [[Bayazid Khan Karrani|Bayazid]] and [[Daud Khan Karrani]] ran a short-lived [[Afghanistan|Afghan]] vassal state of [[Mughal Empire|Mughal emperor]] [[Akbar]] in [[Bengal]]. They dominated the area while Sulaiman paid [[Homage (feudal)|homage]] to the Akbar. The Afghans defeated by Akbar began to flock under his flag. The Afghans were not technically the rulers of Bengal, the post was primarily nominal.

==Relation with Akbar==
Sulaiman Khan Karrani did not establish his own [[coin]]age during his reign, an act that would have been tantamount to declaring [[Sovereign state|statehood]] to the ruling [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]].<ref name="Hasan2007" /> He also honored Akbar as the supreme ruler of Bengal by requiring that mosques read Akbar's name in the [[Khutbah]], the sermon at the Friday congregational prayers in Bengal.<ref name="Hasan2007" /> Historians cite these acts as keeping the diplomatic peace between Bengal and Mughal Empire during Akbar's lifetime.<ref name="Hasan2007">{{cite book |last=Hasan |first=Perween |year=2007 |title=Sultans and Mosques: The Early Muslim Architecture of Bangladesh |publisher=I.B.Tauris |pages=17–18 |isbn=978-1-84511-381-0 |quote=When Taj Khan died in 1565 ... his brother Sulayman succeeded him. During Sultan Sulayman's reign from 1565 to 1572 ... He diplomatically kept the Mughal emperor Akbar placated by reading his [Akbar's] name from the pulpit on Fridays (''khutba''), and never striking his own coins ... When Daud, Sulayman's son took over he started striking his own coins and had his own name read in the khutba, acts tantamount to official declaration of independence.}}</ref>

==Conquest of Cuttack==
Though northern India and parts of southern India were ruled by the Muslim rulers, they had not yet been able to conquer [[Odisha]]. In 1568 Sulaiman Khan sent his son [[Bayazid Khan Karrani]] and the famous general [[Kalapahad]] (Kala Pahar) against Mukunda Deva, the king of [[Utkal]] (North Odisha). After a few major battles against the Odias, and aided by [[civil war]] elsewhere in Odisha, Sulaiman was able to bring the entire area under his rule. [[Kalapahad]] sacked the [[Jagannath temple]] and took Puri under control. Sulaiman Karrani appointed [[Prithimpassa family|Ismail Khan Lodhi]] as Governor of [[Odisha]] and Qutlu Khan Lohani as Governor of [[Puri]] respectively.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite Banglapedia|author=Ahmed, ABM Shamsuddin|article=Sulaiman Karrani}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715113231/http://prithimpassaestate.com/history.html|url=http://prithimpassaestate.com/history.html|website=Prithimpassa Nawab Family|title=Brief History of the Family|archive-date=15 July 2011}}</ref>

==Conquest of Koch Bihar==
Sulaiman Khan Karrani is said to have sent Kalapahad against the [[Kamata Kingdom|Kamata]] (later [[Cooch Behar State|Koch Bihar]] under the Mughals) king, [[Koch dynasty|Vishwa Singha]]. Kala Pahad crossed the [[Brahmaputra River]] and advanced as far as Tejapur (modern-day [[Dinajpur District (Bangladesh)|Dinajpur District, Bangladesh]]). He defeated and captured the Kamata general Shukla-Dhwaja, third son of [[Biswa Singha of Kamata|Bishwa Singha]]. Later Shukla-Dhwaja was released and regained Koch Bihar.

==Religion==
Sulaiman was a devouted [[Muslim]] and built the Sona [[mosque]] in old Maldah.<ref name=bpedia />[[`Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni]] mentions that every morning Sulaiman would hold a devotional meeting with 150 Shaikhs and Ulama and only thereafter would go about transaction of state business <ref>{{cite book|author=Abul Fazl Allami (translated by H. Blochman)|title=Ain i Akbari|location=Calcutta|year=1873}}</ref>

==Death and succession==
Sulaiman Karrani died on 11 October 1572, leaving his empire to his son, [[Bayazid Khan Karrani]]. He was buried in [[Tanda, Bengal|Tanda]], the capital of his [[Sultanate]].<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|author=Ibrahim, Muhammad|article=Rule of Afghans}}</ref>

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box|
before=[[Taj Khan Karrani]]|
title=[[Karrani dynasty]]|
years=1565-1572|
after=[[Bayazid Khan Karrani]]}}
{{S-end}}

==See also==
*[[List of rulers of Bengal]]
*[[History of Bengal]]
*[[History of Bangladesh]]
*[[History of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Karrani dynasty}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Karrani, Sulaiman Khan}}
[[Category:Rulers of Bengal]]
[[Category:1572 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Indian people of Pashtun descent]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:16th-century Afghan people]]
[[Category:Karrani dynasty]]

Sulaiman Khan Karrani - Revision history

->SalamAlayka at 17:02, 23 June 2021