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{{short description|Collection of prose-writings by Manilal Dwivedi}}
{{italics title}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Sudarshan Gadyawali
| image = Title page of Sudarshan Gadyawali by Manilal Nabhubhai Dwivedi.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Cover of first edition, 1909
| author = [[Manilal Dwivedi]]
| title_orig = સુદર્શન ગદ્યાવલિ
| orig_lang_code = gu
| translator =
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = [[British India]]
| language = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
| release_number =
| subject =
| genre = [[Essay]]s
| publisher = {{plainlist|
* Himmatlal Chhotalal Pandya
* Pranshankar Gaurishankar Joshi
}}
| publisher2 =
| pub_date = 1909
| english_pub_date =
| pages =
| oclc =
| dewey =
| congress =
| native_wikisource =
}}

'''''Sudarshan Gadyawali''''' ({{IPA-gu|su.dər.ʃən gə.dya.və.li|pron|Gu-Sudarshan Gadyawali pronunciation.ogg}}) is a 1909 collection of prose writings by Gujarati writer [[Manilal Dwivedi]] (1858–1898), which appeared in his journals ''[[Priyamvada (magazine)|Priyamvada]]'' and ''[[Sudarshan (magazine)|Sudarshan]]'' from 1885 to 1898. It contains essays on a broad range of subjects, including religion, [[ethics]], social reform, education, politics, [[nationalism]], [[Theosophy (Blavatskian)|theosophy]], women's welfare, [[Eastern philosophy|Eastern]] and [[Western philosophy]], music, and literature, in addition to a number of book reviews.

== Publication history ==
[[File:Sudarshan Gadyawali adv (cropped).jpg|thumb|''Sudarshan Gadyawali'' advertised in 1902 issue of ''[[Sudarshan (magazine)|Sudarshan]]'' magazine|left]]
With the exception of the pieces ''[[Siddhantasara]]'', ''Pranavinimay'', ''[[Kanta (play)|Kanta]]'', and ''[[Nrusinhavatar]]'', most of Manilal's prose writings and poems were published in his two journals, ''Priyamvada'' and ''Sudarshan''. The works ''[[Gulabsinh]]'', ''[[Bhagavad Gita|Shrimad Bhagvadgita]]'' (translated from [[Sanskrit]]), and ''[[Atmanimajjan]]'' (a collection of poems) were originally published in installments in his journals. They were later published in book form, during the author's lifetime.<ref name="Thaker2008">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Thaker|first=Dhirubhai|author-link=Dhirubhai Thaker|title=સુદર્શન ગદ્યાવલિ|encyclopedia=[[Gujarati Vishwakosh]]|publisher=Gujarat Vishwakosh Trust|year=2008|editor-last=Thaker|editor-first=Dhirubhai|edition=1st|volume=23|location=Ahmedabad|pages=592–593|oclc=259818465|language=gu}}</ref>

Several of Manilal's most important articles from these journals remained unpublished in book form until 1909. In that year, two of his admirers, Himmatlal Chhotalal Pandya and Pranshankar Gaurishankar Joshi, working from [[Jambusar]], a small town in Gujarat, collected, classified and published the articles as ''Sudarshan Gadyawali'' with the help of [[Anandshankar Dhruv]], a Gujarati writer and Manilal's disciple-friend. The book was printed on {{convert|20|x|30|in|mm|adj=on}} double crown paper, and consisted of some 1100 pages. It also included two articles on Manilal written by Anandshankar Dhruv.<ref name="Thaker2008"/>

In 1948, when it had gone out of print, [[Gujarat Vidhya Sabha]] published selected articles from ''Sudarshan Gadyawali'' in two volumes, entitled ''Manilal Ni Vichardhara'' and ''Manilal Na Tran Lekho'', both edited by [[Dhirubhai Thaker]]. These were about one third the size of ''Sudarshan Gadyawali''.<ref name="Thaker2008"/>

Later, on the centenary of Manilal's death, all of the essays from ''Sudarshan Gadyawali'' were reprinted in the four-volume ''Manilal N. Dwivedi Sahityashreni'' (Complete Works of Manilal Dwivedi), under the title ''Sudarshan Gadyaguccha''. These collected works were published by [[Gujarat Sahitya Akademi]] and edited by Dhirubhai Thaker.<ref name="Thaker2008"/>

== Contents ==
Manilal's concept of the "ideal essay" is largely based on his study of [[Francis Bacon]] and [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]]. According to Manilal, an "ideal essay" is one in which each word conveys a concrete image of experience, each sentence presents an orderly arrangement of thought, and each thought is of such living interest and significance that it immediately grips the reader's attention.<ref name="Thaker1983">{{cite book|last=Thaker|first=Dhirubhai|authorlink=Dhirubhai Thaker|title=Manilal Dwivedi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Wg4AAAAMAAJ|series=Makers of Indian Literature|year=1983|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|oclc=10532609|pages=72–74|access-date=2019-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215222025/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=6Wg4AAAAMAAJ|archive-date=2018-12-15|url-status=live}}</ref>

Among the many subjects covered in ''Sudarshan Gadyawali'' are religion, ethics, social reform, education, politics, nationalism, theosophy, women's welfare, Eastern and Western philosophies, music, and literature. There are articles on various literary topics, including the nature of poetry; the art of communication; and the characteristics of different literary genres, including drama, the novel, lyrical poetry, the essay, and biography. It also contains some 240 book reviews.<ref name="Lal1992">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Mehta|first=Chandrakant|editor-last=Lal|editor-first=Mohan |title=Sudarshan Gadyavali|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4198|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|pages=4198}}</ref>

Manilal considered ''dhvani'' (suggestive meaning) an essential part of poetry, and of all of the arts. He concluded that "[[aesthetic]] pleasure" and "[[Religious ecstasy|spiritual ecstasy]]" were interlaced. Manilal's approach to biography was influenced by [[Thomas Carlyle]]'s concept of [[On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History|hero-worship]].<ref name="Lal1992"/>

== Reception ==
The critic [[Vishwanath Bhatt]] hailed ''Sudarshan Gadyavali'' as a "great treasure of essays in Gujarati literature", and cited Manilal as one of the best essayists of [[Gujarati literature#Modern literature (1850 AD – present)|modern Gujarati literature]].<ref name="Thaker2008"/> Another commentator, [[Mansukhlal Jhaveri]], wrote that "Manilal emerges from the pages of the ''Sudarshan Gadyavali'' as a master of Gujarati prose".<ref name="Jhaveri1978">{{cite book|last=Jhaveri|first=Mansukhlal|authorlink=Mansukhlal Jhaveri|title=History of Gujarati Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DA0RAAAAMAAJ|year=1978|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|pages=103|oclc=462837743}}</ref> Dhirubhai Thaker cited it as 'one of the best collection in Gujarati literature'.<ref name="Datta1988">{{cite book|last=Thaker|first=Dhirubhai|authorlink=Dhirubhai Thaker|editor=Amaresh Datta|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Devraj to Jyoti|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zB4n3MVozbUC&pg=PA1130|year=1988|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-260-1194-0|page=1130|chapter=Dwivedi, Manilal Nabhubhai}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline|Sudarshan Gadyawali}}
* [https://www.gandhiheritageportal.org/ghp_booksection_detail/NjMzLTEzNjEtMTE=#page/1/mode/2up ''Sudarshan Gadyawali''] at [[Gandhi Heritage Portal]]
{{Manilal Nabhubhai Dwivedi}}

[[Category:1909 non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Works by Manilal Dwivedi]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language books]]
[[Category:Books published posthumously]]
[[Category:Indian essay collections]]

Sudarshan Gadyawali - Revision history

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