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	==In popular culture==		==In popular culture==
	~~[[File:Unnamedfasd.jpg\|thumb\|[[Hiphop Tamizha]] Tamil musical album, modern reception.]]~~
	Bharati had a critical reception from the [[Tamil_language\|Tamil]] [[music director]] Adhithya Venkatapathy through the [[Musical_ensemble\|musical duo]] [[Hiphop Tamizha]] which features Bharati in its [[logo]].<ref name="gutimes14">{{cite web \|url=http://www.guindytimes.com/articles/english-pesnalum-tamizhan-da-a-hip-hop-tamizha-exclusive \|title=English Pesnalum Tamizhan Da – A Hip Hop Tamizha Exclusive \|last=Akshaya Raju \|date=16 October 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128051344/http://www.guindytimes.com/articles/english-pesnalum-tamizhan-da-a-hip-hop-tamizha-exclusive \|archive-date=28 November 2014 \|access-date=28 November 2014 \|newspaper=Guindy Times}}</ref><ref name="fl14">{{cite web \|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/news/2014/kollywood-gets-a-new-music-director-164016.html \|title=Kollywood Gets A New Music Director! \|last=Avinash Gopinath \|date=11 November 2014 \|website=[[Oneindia.in]] \|access-date=23 November 2014 \|archive-date=21 November 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141121104510/http://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/news/2014/kollywood-gets-a-new-music-director-164016.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> Many of the poems written by Bharati were used in various Tamil films in the form of songs. AVM productions was the first company to use his songs in films, "Aaduvome Palli" from ''Naam Iruvar'' (1947) was the first song inspired from Bharathi's poem.<ref>https://tcrcindia.com/2017/08/07/filmy-ripples-mahakavi-bharathiyars-works-in-tamil-film-music/</ref> Many of the film titles were taken from his poems like ''Vallamai Tharayo'' (2008), ''Aanmai Thavarel'' (2011), ''Nayyapudai'' (2016), ''[[Nerkonda Paarvai]]'' (2019),<ref>https://www.ibtimes.co.in/ner-konda-paarvai-subramania-bharatis-line-poem-becomes-title-ajith-starrer-793206</ref> ''[[Soorarai Potru]]'' (2020).<ref>https://nettv4u.com/latest-tamil-celebrity-news/suriya-38-title-has-bharathiyar-touch</ref><ref>https://cinema.vikatan.com/tamil-cinema/bharathi-references-in-tamil-cinema</ref>		Bharati had a critical reception from the [[Tamil_language\|Tamil]] [[music director]] Adhithya Venkatapathy through the [[Musical_ensemble\|musical duo]] [[Hiphop Tamizha]] which features Bharati in its [[logo]].<ref name="gutimes14">{{cite web \|url=http://www.guindytimes.com/articles/english-pesnalum-tamizhan-da-a-hip-hop-tamizha-exclusive \|title=English Pesnalum Tamizhan Da – A Hip Hop Tamizha Exclusive \|last=Akshaya Raju \|date=16 October 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128051344/http://www.guindytimes.com/articles/english-pesnalum-tamizhan-da-a-hip-hop-tamizha-exclusive \|archive-date=28 November 2014 \|access-date=28 November 2014 \|newspaper=Guindy Times}}</ref><ref name="fl14">{{cite web \|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/news/2014/kollywood-gets-a-new-music-director-164016.html \|title=Kollywood Gets A New Music Director! \|last=Avinash Gopinath \|date=11 November 2014 \|website=[[Oneindia.in]] \|access-date=23 November 2014 \|archive-date=21 November 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141121104510/http://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/news/2014/kollywood-gets-a-new-music-director-164016.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> Many of the poems written by Bharati were used in various Tamil films in the form of songs. AVM productions was the first company to use his songs in films, "Aaduvome Palli" from ''Naam Iruvar'' (1947) was the first song inspired from Bharathi's poem.<ref>https://tcrcindia.com/2017/08/07/filmy-ripples-mahakavi-bharathiyars-works-in-tamil-film-music/</ref> Many of the film titles were taken from his poems like ''Vallamai Tharayo'' (2008), ''Aanmai Thavarel'' (2011), ''Nayyapudai'' (2016), ''[[Nerkonda Paarvai]]'' (2019),<ref>https://www.ibtimes.co.in/ner-konda-paarvai-subramania-bharatis-line-poem-becomes-title-ajith-starrer-793206</ref> ''[[Soorarai Potru]]'' (2020).<ref>https://nettv4u.com/latest-tamil-celebrity-news/suriya-38-title-has-bharathiyar-touch</ref><ref>https://cinema.vikatan.com/tamil-cinema/bharathi-references-in-tamil-cinema</ref>

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{{Short description|Indian poet, freedom fighter, social reformer, journalist}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Subramania Bharathi
| honorific_suffix =
| image = File:Subramanya Bharathi 1960 stamp of India.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Subramania Bharathi Commemorative Stamp
| native_name_lang = tamil
| native_name = 
| citizenship = [[British Raj]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1882|12|11}}
| birth_place = [[Ettayapuram]], [[Ettaiyapuram estate]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1921|09|11|1882|11}}
| death_place = [[Madras]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br/>{{small|(present-day [[Tamil Nadu, India]])}}
| resting_place =
| resting_place coordinates = 
| other_names = ''Bharathi'', Subbaiah, Sakthi Dasan, ''Mahakavi'', Mundasu Kavignar, ''Veera Kavi'', Selly Dasan
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Journalist, poet, writer, teacher, patriot, freedom fighter
| agent =
| known for =
| notable_works =
| movement = [[Indian independence movement]]
| spouse = Chellamma/Kannamma (m. 1896–1921)
| children = 2
| signature = Subramanya Bharathi Signature.jpg
}}
'''Subramania Bharathi''' (11 December 1882 – 11 September 1921), was a [[Tamils|Tamil]] writer, poet, journalist, [[Indian independence activist]], social reformer and [[polyglot]]. Popularly known as "Mahakavi Bharathi" ("Great Poet Bharathi"), he was a pioneer of modern Tamil poetry and is considered one of the greatest Tamil literary figures of all time. His numerous works included fiery songs kindling patriotism during the [[Indian Independence movement]].<ref name="Natarajan"/><ref>{{Cite news|title=Congress Veteran reenacts Bharathis escape to Pondy|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/chennai/Congress-veteran-re-enacts-Bharatis-escape-to-Pondy/amp_articleshow/53879675.cms}}</ref> He fought for the [[emancipation of women]], against [[child marriage]], stood for reforming [[Brahminism]] and religion. He was also in solidarity with [[Dalit|Dalits]] and [[Muslims]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Knowing Subramania Bharati beyond his turban colour|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/knowing-subramania-bharati-beyond-his-turban-colour/cid/1691909|access-date=2020-12-11|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Raman|first=Aroon|date=2009-12-21|title=All too human at the core|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/All-too-human-at-the-core/article16854491.ece|access-date=2020-12-11|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

Born in [[Ettayapuram]] of [[Tirunelveli district]] (present-day [[Thoothukudi district|Thoothukudi]]) in 1882, Bharathi had his early education in [[Tirunelveli]] and [[Varanasi]] and worked as a journalist with many newspapers, including [[The Hindu]], Bala Bharata, Vijaya, Chakravarthini, the ''Swadesamitran'' and ''India''. In 1908, an arrest warrant was issued against Bharathi by the government of [[British Raj|British India]] caused him to move to Pondicherry where he lived until 1918.<ref>{{Cite news|title=On the streets where Bharati walked|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/on-the-streets-where-bharati-walked/article5455980.ece}}</ref>

His influence on Tamil literature is phenomenal. Although it is said that he was proficient in around 14, including 3 non-Indian foreign languages. His favorite language was Tamil. He was prolific in his output. He covered political, social and spiritual themes. The songs and poems composed by Bharathi are very often used in [[Tamil cinema]] and have become staples in the literary and musical repertoire of Tamil artistes throughout the world. He paved the way for modern [[blank verse]]. He wrote many books and poems on how Tamil is beautiful in nature.

==Biography==
[[File:Subramanya Bharathi with his wife Chellamma.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Photograph of Subramanya Bharathi with wife Chellamma]]
[[File:Bharathiyar House Room.jpg|thumb|Bharathiyar House in Puducherry]]
Bharati was born on 11 December 1882 in the village of [[Ettayapuram]], to Chinnaswami Subramania [[Iyer]] and Lakshmi Ammal. Subramania, as he was named, went to the M.D.T. Hindu College in [[Tirunelveli]]. From a very young age, he was musically and poetically inclined. Bharathi lost his mother at the age of five and was brought up by his father who wanted him to learn English, excel in arithmetic, and become an engineer.<ref name="Univ125"/><ref name="life"/> A proficient linguist, he was well-versed in Sanskrit, Hindi, Telugu, English, French and had a smattering of Arabic. Around the age of 11, he was conferred the title of "Bharathi", the one blessed by [[Saraswati]], the goddess of learning by the Raja of Ettayapuram seeing his excellence in poetry. He lost his father at the age of sixteen, but before that when he was 15, he married Chellamma who was seven years old.

During his stay in [[Benaras|Varanasi]], Bharathi was exposed to [[Hinduism|Hindu spirituality]] and nationalism. This broadened his outlook and he learned Sanskrit, Hindi and English. In addition, he changed his outward appearance. He also grew a beard and wore a turban due to his admiration of Sikhs, influenced by his Sikh friend. Though he passed an entrance exam for a job, he returned to Ettayapuram during 1901 and started as the court poet of Raja of Ettayapuram for a couple of years. He was a Tamil teacher from August to November 1904 in Sethupathy High School in Madurai.<ref name="life"/> During this period, Bharathi understood the need to be well-informed of the world outside and took interest in the world of journalism and the print media of the West. Bharathi joined as Assistant Editor of the ''[[Swadesamitran]]'', a Tamil daily in 1904. In December 1905, he attended the All India Congress session held in Benaras. On his journey back home, he met [[Sister Nivedita]], Swami [[Vivekananda]]'s spiritual heir. She inspired Bharathi to recognise the privileges of women and the emancipation of women exercised Bharathi's mind. He visualised the new woman as an emanation of Shakti, a willing helpmate of man to build a new earth through co-operative endeavour. Among other greats such as Bal Gangadhar Tilak, he considered Nivedita his [[Guru]], and penned verses in her praise. He attended the Indian National Congress session in Calcutta under Dadabhai Naoiroji, which demanded [[Swaraj]] and boycott of British goods.<ref name="life"/>

By April 1906, he started editing the Tamil weekly ''India'' and the English newspaper ''Bala Bharatham'' with [[M.P.T. Acharya]]. These newspapers were also a means of expressing Bharathi's creativity, which began to peak during this period. Bharathi started to publish his poems regularly in these editions. From hymns to nationalistic writings, from contemplations on the relationship between God and Man to songs on the [[Russian Revolution of 1917|Russian]] and [[French revolution|French]] revolutions, Bharathi's subjects were diverse.<ref name="Univ125"/>

Bharathi participated in the historic Surat Congress in 1907 along with [[V.O. Chidambaram Pillai]] and Mandayam Srinivachariar, which deepened the divisions within the [[Indian National Congress]] with a section preferring armed resistance, primarily led by [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak|Tilak]] over moderate approach preferred by certain other sections. Bharathi supported Tilak with [[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai]] and Kanchi Varathachariyar. Tilak openly supported armed resistance against the British.<ref name="life"/>

[[File:1909magazine vijaya.jpg|upright|thumb|left|Cover page of the 1909 magazine ''Vijaya'', published first from {{w|Madras}} and then from {{w|Pondicherry}}. The cover showing "Mother India" ([[Bharat Mata]]) with her diverse progeny and the rallying cry "[[Vande Mataram]]”.]]
In 1908, the British instituted a case against V.O. Chidambaram Pillai. In the same year, the proprietor of the journal ''India'' was arrested in [[Madras]]. Faced with the prospect of arrest, Bharathi escaped to [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]], which was under French rule.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bharati's Tamil daily Vijaya traced in Paris|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2004/12/05/stories/2004120500201100.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121180131/http://www.thehindu.com/2004/12/05/stories/2004120500201100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 November 2016|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=5 December 2004}}</ref> From there he edited and published the weekly journal ''India'', ''Vijaya'', a Tamil daily, ''Bala Bharatham'', an English monthly, and ''Suryodayam'', a local weekly in Pondicherry. The British tried to suppress Bharathi's output by stopping remittances and letters to the papers. Both ''India'' and ''Vijaya'' were banned in India in 1909.<ref name="life"/>

During his exile, Bharathi had the opportunity to meet many other leaders of the revolutionary wing of the Independence movement like [[Aurobindo]], [[Lajpat Rai]] and V.V.S. Aiyar, who had also sought asylum under the French. Bharathi assisted Aurobindo in the ''[[Arya (journal)|Arya]]'' journal and later ''Karma Yogi'' in Pondicherry.<ref name="Univ125"/> This was also the period when he started learning Vedic literature. Three of his greatest works namely, ''Kuyil Pattu'', ''Panchali Sapatham'' and ''Kannan Pattu'' were composed during 1912. He also translated Vedic hymns, Patanjali's ''Yoga Sutra'' and ''[[Bhagavat Gita]]'' to Tamil.<ref name="life"/> Bharathi entered India near [[Cuddalore]] in November 1918 and was promptly arrested. He was imprisoned in the Central prison in Cuddalore in custody for three weeks from 20 November to 14 December and was released after the intervention of [[Annie Besant]] and [[C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyar]]. He was stricken by poverty during this period, resulting in his ill health. The following year, 1919, Bharathi met [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]]. He resumed editing ''Swadesimeitran'' from 1920 in [[Madras]] (modern-day [[Chennai]]).<ref name="Lal"/>

==Death==
He was badly affected by the imprisonments and by 1920 when a General Amnesty Order finally removed restrictions on his movements, Bharathi was already struggling. He was struck by an elephant named Lavanya at [[Parthasarathy temple]], [[Triplicane]], [[Chennai]], whom he used to feed every day. When he fed a coconut to Lavanya (the elephant), the elephant got fired up and attacked Bharathi. Although he survived the incident, his health deteriorated a few months later and he died early morning on 12 September 1921 at around 1 am. Though Bharathi was considered a people's poet, a great nationalist, outstanding freedom fighter and social visionary, it was recorded that there were only 14 people to attend his funeral. He delivered his last speech at Karungalpalayam Library in Erode, which was about the topic ''Man is Immortal''.<ref name="Last Speech at Erode">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/15/stories/2008041554140500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415224901/http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/15/stories/2008041554140500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 April 2008|title= Last speech delivered in Erode|date=15 April 2008|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=20 December 2013}}</ref> The last years of his life were spent in a house in [[Triplicane|Triplicane, Chennai]]. The house was bought and renovated by the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] in 1993 and named Bharathi Illam (Home of Bharathi).{{citation needed|date=August 2015}}

==Works==
{{Quote box
|quote = He who forgets not God and fails not in his duty, no matter whatever befalls him and however much he suffers, will at the end attain honour and happiness.<ref>{{cite news|title=Brief Shining Moment in Judicial History|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2992280701.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610175802/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2992280701.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 June 2014|newspaper=Daily News|location=Colombo, Sri Lanka|date=11 June 2013|access-date=30 November 2013}}{{Subscription required|via=HighBeam}}</ref>
|source =
|align =right
|width=30%
}}

{{Listen
| type = speech
| header =Subramanya Bharathi's Tamil songs .
| filename =Ta-suttum vizhi.ogg
| title =Suttum vizhi
| description =
| filename2 =Ta-ninnai charan adaindhen - bharathi.ogg
| title2 =Ninnai charan adaindhen
| description2 =
| filename3 =Ta-Chinanjiru.ogg
| title3 =Chinanjiru kiliye
| description3 =
| filename4 =Ta-Senthamizh Nadu.ogg
| title4 =Senthamizh naadu ennum pothinile
| description4 =
| filename5 =Aasai mugam.ogg
| title5 =Aasai mugam
| description5 =
}}
Bharathi is considered one of the pioneers of modern Tamil literature.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Changing society and modern Tamil literature|journal=Tamil Issue|jstor=40874190 |volume=4|issue=3/4|pages=21–36|year=1968|last1=Annamalai|first1=E.}}{{Subscription required}}</ref> Bharathi used simple words and rhythms, unlike his previous century works in Tamil, which had complex vocabulary. He also employed novel ideas and techniques in his devotional poems.<ref name="Natarajan"/> He used a metre called ''Nondi Chindu'' in most of his works, which was earlier used by Gopalakrisnha Bharathiar.<ref name=Sahitya/>

Bharathi's poetry expressed a progressive, reformist ideal. His imagery and the vigour of his verse were a forerunner to modern Tamil poetry in different aspects. He was the forerunner of a forceful kind of poetry that combined classical and contemporary elements. He had a prodigious output penning thousands of verses on diverse topics like Indian Nationalism, love songs, children's songs, songs of nature, glory of the [[Tamil language]], and odes to prominent freedom fighters of India like [[Tilak]], [[Gandhi]] and [[Lajpat Rai]]. He even penned an ode to New Russia and [[Belgium]]. His poetry not only includes works on Hindu deities like Shakti, Kali, Vinayagar, Murugan, Sivan, Kannan(Krishna), but also on other religious gods like [[Allah]] and Jesus. His insightful similes have been read by millions of [[Tamil language|Tamil]] readers. He was well-versed in various languages and translated speeches of Indian National reform leaders like [[Sri Aurobindo]], [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]] and [[Swami Vivekananda]].<ref name="Lal"/>

He describes the dance of Shakthi (in Oozhi koothu, Dance of destiny) in the following lines:
{| style="margin-left:1em;margin-right:1em; width: 50em;"
|- style="text-align:left;"
|<poem>
[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
சக்திப் பேய் தான் தலையொடு தலைகள் முட்டிச்
சட்டச் சட சட சடவென்றுடைபடு தாளம் கொட்டி அங்கே
எத்திகினிலும் நின்விழி அனல் போய் எட்டித்
தானே எரியும் கோலம் கண்டே சாகும் காலம்
அன்னை அன்னை
ஆடுங்கூத்தை நாடச் செய்தாய் என்னை
</poem>
|-
| colspan="2" |
|}

It is the opinion of some litterateurs that Bharathiar's ''Panchali Sapatham,'' based on the story of Panchali ([[Draupadi]]), is also an ode to [[Bharat Mata]]. That the [[Pandava]]ss are the Indians, the [[Kaurava]]s the British and the [[Kurukshetra]] war of [[Mahabharat]] that of the Indian freedom struggle. It certainly is ascribed to the rise of womanhood in society.<ref name="Univ125"/><ref name="life"/>

{| style="margin-left:1em;margin-right:1em; width: 50em;"
|- style="text-align:left;"
|<poem>
[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
பட்டினில் உடையும் பஞ்சினில் ஆடையும்
பண்ணி மலைகளென வீதி குவிப்போம்
கட்டித் திரவியங்கள் கொண்டு வருவார்
காசினி வணிகருக்கு அவை கொடுப்போம்
</poem>
| <poem>
[English Translation]
We make Dresses from Silk and Cotton
In quantities as large as mountains
They bring lot of wealth
The traders around the world,
to whom we give it(dresses)
</poem>
|-
| colspan="2" |
|}
He is known to have said, "Even if Indians are divided, they are children of one Mother, where is the need for foreigners to interfere?" In the period 1910–1920, he wrote about a new and free India where there are no castes. He talks of building up India's defense, her ships sailing the high seas, success in manufacturing and universal education. He calls for sharing amongst states with wonderful imagery like the diversion of excess water of the [[Bengal]] delta to needy regions and a bridge to [[Sri Lanka]].

Bharathi also wanted to abolish starvation. He sang, "''Thani oru manithanakku unavu illayenil intha jagaththinai azhithiduvom"'' translated as " If one single man suffers from starvation, we will destroy the entire world".

Some of his poems are translated by [[Jayanthasri Balakrishnan]] in English in her blog, though not published.<ref>{{cite web|title= Jayanthasri translations|url=https://mythreyid.academia.edu/JayanthasriBalakrishnan|access-date=20 April 2017|publisher=mythreyid.academia.edu}}</ref>

Even though he has strong opinions about Gods, he is also against false stories spread in epics and other part of social fabric in Tamil Nadu.

In Kuyil paattu (Song of Nightingale) [http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/tamilbooks/bharathiar/bharathi-IV-III10.asp ('''குயில் பாட்டு)'''] he writes.'''.'''
{| class="wikitable"
|கடலினைத் தாவும் குரவும்-வெங்

கனலிற் பிறந்ததோர் செவ்விதழ்ப் பெண்ணும்,

வடமலை தாழ்ந்தத னாலே-தெற்கில்

வந்து சமன்செயும் குட்டை முனியும்,

நதியி னுள்ளேமுழு கிப்போய்-அந்த

நாகர் உலகிலோர் பாம்பின் மகளை

விதியுற வேமணம் செய்த-திறல்

வீமனும் கற்பனை என்பது கண்டோம்.

ஒன்றுமற் றொன்றைப் பழிக்கும்-ஒன்றில்

உண்மையென் றோதிமற் றொன்றுபொய் யென்னும்

நன்று புராணங்கள் செய்தார்-அதில்

நல்ல கவிதை பலபல தந்தார்.

கவிதை மிகநல்ல தேனும்-அக்

கதைகள் பொய்யென்று தெளிவுறக் கண்டோம்;
|Monkey that jumps the seas;

Woman who born inside the hot fire;

The sage who came to south to equalize because of lowered;

The man called [[Bhima]] who submerged and swim inside the river and married the daughter of serpent king of fate;

We have seen all those are just imagination..

One blame the other;

And say the truth is only here, and other is lie;

They made good epic, with that

They gave good poems;

Even though the poems are good;

We saw clearly that those stories are lies;
|}

==Bharathi on caste system==
Bharathi also fought against the [[caste system]] in Hindu society. Bharathi was born in an orthodox [[Brahmin]] family, but he considered all living beings to be equal, and to illustrate this he performed the ''[[upanayanam]]'' for a young [[Dalit]] man and made him a [[Brahmin]]. He also scorned the divisive tendencies being imparted into the younger generations by their elderly tutors during his time. He openly criticised the preachers for mixing their individual thoughts while teaching the [[Vedas]], Upanishads and the [[Gita]]. He strongly advocated bringing the [[Dalits]] to the Hindu mainstream.

{| style="margin-left:1em;margin-right:1em; width: 55em;"
|- style="text-align:left;"
|<poem>
[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
"சாதிகள் இல்லையடி பாப்பா!-குலத்
தாழ்ச்சி உயர்ச்சி சொல்லல் பாவம்;
நீதி உயர்ந்த மதி, கல்வி-அன்பு
நிறைய உடையவர்கள் மேலோர்."
</poem>
| <poem>
[English Translation]
There is no caste system.
It is a sin to divide people on caste basis.
The ones who are really of a superior class are the ones
excelling in being just, wise, educated and loving.
</poem>
|-
| colspan="2" |
|}
Here he expresses the love between human beings, where a man should not see their caste. They should see them as human beings. Not only human beings, they should see them as their brothers and sisters. This means that a well-educated person knows to treat them equally and not by their caste.

==Legacy==
[[File:GandhijiTamilWriting.jpg|thumb|This is a photograph of writing by [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in [[Tamil language]] wishing the effort to build a monument in memory of poet Subramanya Bharathi at [[Ettayapuram]].]]
The Government of India in 1987 instituted a highest National [[Subramanyam Bharati Award]] conferred along with [[Ministry of Human Resource Development]], annually confers on writers of outstanding works in [[Hindi]] literature.

[[Bharathiar University]], a [[State university (India)|state university]] named after the poet, was established in 1982 at [[Coimbatore]].<ref name=Gupta/> There is a [[statue]] of Bharathiar at [[Marina Beach]] and also in the [[Indian Parliament]]. A [[Tamil cinema|Tamil Movie]] titled [[Bharathi (2000 film)|Bharathi]] was made in the year 2000 on the life of the poet by [[Gnana Rajasekaran|Gnana Rajasekeran]], which won [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]].<ref>{{cite news|title=SA women 'swoon' over Sanjay|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-177276773.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610170958/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-177276773.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 June 2014|date=30 March 2008|access-date=30 November 2013|work=Sunday Tribune|location=South Africa}}{{Subscription required|via=HighBeam}}</ref> The movie ''[[Kappalottiya Thamizhan]]'' chronicles the important struggles of [[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai|V.O.Chidambaranar]] along with [[Subramanya Siva]] and Bharathiar with S.V. Subbaiah starring as Subramania Bharathi.
On 14 August 2014 Professor Muhammadu Sathik raja Started an Educational trust at thiruppuvanam pudur, near Madurai named as Omar -Bharathi educational trust, the name is kept to praise the two legendary poets Umaru Pulavar and Subramania Bharathiyar from Ettaiyapuram. Though these two Poets are having three centuries time interval, the divine service and their contribution to the Tamil language are made them unparallel legends. Both two poets are offered their services at vaigai river bank of thiruppuvanam. the two poets were strongly suffered by their financial status, so both of them were unsuccessful to fulfil their family members need.
Many roads are named after him, notable ones including Bharathiar road in [[Coimbatore]] and Subramaniam Bharti Marg in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/trichy/Free-helmet-distribution-disrupts-vehicle-movement-on-crucial-traffic-island/articleshow/49237568.cms|title=Free helmet distribution|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/drunk-car-driver-rams-53-year-old-traffic-cop-fractures-his-leg/|title=Subramaniam Bharti Marg|work=Indian Express|date=3 October 2015}}</ref> The NGO [[Sevalaya]] runs the [[Sevalaya#Mahakavi Bharatiya Higher Secondary School|Mahakavi Bharatiya Higher Secondary School]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Activities: School|url=http://www.sevalaya.org/activities/|publisher=Sevalaya}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
[[File:Unnamedfasd.jpg|thumb|[[Hiphop Tamizha]] Tamil musical album, modern reception.]]
Bharati had a critical reception from the [[Tamil_language|Tamil]] [[music director]] Adhithya Venkatapathy through the [[Musical_ensemble|musical duo]] [[Hiphop Tamizha]] which features Bharati in its [[logo]].<ref name="gutimes14">{{cite web |url=http://www.guindytimes.com/articles/english-pesnalum-tamizhan-da-a-hip-hop-tamizha-exclusive |title=English Pesnalum Tamizhan Da – A Hip Hop Tamizha Exclusive |last=Akshaya Raju |date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128051344/http://www.guindytimes.com/articles/english-pesnalum-tamizhan-da-a-hip-hop-tamizha-exclusive |archive-date=28 November 2014 |access-date=28 November 2014 |newspaper=Guindy Times}}</ref><ref name="fl14">{{cite web |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/news/2014/kollywood-gets-a-new-music-director-164016.html |title=Kollywood Gets A New Music Director! |last=Avinash Gopinath |date=11 November 2014 |website=[[Oneindia.in]] |access-date=23 November 2014 |archive-date=21 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141121104510/http://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/news/2014/kollywood-gets-a-new-music-director-164016.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Many of the poems written by Bharati were used in various Tamil films in the form of songs. AVM productions was the first company to use his songs in films, "Aaduvome Palli" from ''Naam Iruvar'' (1947) was the first song inspired from Bharathi's poem.<ref>https://tcrcindia.com/2017/08/07/filmy-ripples-mahakavi-bharathiyars-works-in-tamil-film-music/</ref> Many of the film titles were taken from his poems like ''Vallamai Tharayo'' (2008), ''Aanmai Thavarel'' (2011), ''Nayyapudai'' (2016), ''[[Nerkonda Paarvai]]'' (2019),<ref>https://www.ibtimes.co.in/ner-konda-paarvai-subramania-bharatis-line-poem-becomes-title-ajith-starrer-793206</ref> ''[[Soorarai Potru]]'' (2020).<ref>https://nettv4u.com/latest-tamil-celebrity-news/suriya-38-title-has-bharathiyar-touch</ref><ref>https://cinema.vikatan.com/tamil-cinema/bharathi-references-in-tamil-cinema</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bharathi (2000 film)]]
* [[Kadayam]]
* [[Tamil literature]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=Gupta>{{cite book|title=Handbook of Universities, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKgM7P5iGwgC&pg=PA114|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|year=2006|last1=Gupta|first1=Ameeta |last2=Kumar|first2=Ashish |isbn=9788126906079|page=14}}</ref>
<ref name="Lal">{{cite book|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: sasay to zorgot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4190|last=Lal|first=Mohan|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|year=1992|isbn=9788126012213|pages=4191–3}}</ref>
<ref name="life">{{cite book|title=Panchali's Pledge|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1NA4AgAAQBAJ|last1=Bharati|first1=Subramania|last2=Rajagopalan|first2=Usha|year=2013|publisher=Hachette UK|isbn=9789350095300|page=1}}</ref>
<ref name=Natarajan>{{cite book|title=Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lTnv6o-d_oC&pg=PA290|editor1-first=Nalini|editor1-last=Natarajan|editor2-last=Nelson|editor2-first=Emmanuel Sampath|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=1996|isbn=9780313287787|page=290}}</ref>
<ref name=Sahitya>{{cite book|title=Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology: Plays and prose|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m1R2Pa3f7r0C&pg=PA379|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-7201-324-0|page=379|editor=George, K.M.|year=1992|location=New Delhi}}</ref>
<ref name="Univ125">{{cite book|title=Indian Literature: An Introduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mivv3p-msd8C&pg=PA125|work=University of Delhi|publisher=Pearson Education India|year=2005|isbn=9788131705209|pages=125–126}}</ref>
}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book|title=Fire In The Soul: The Life And Times of Subramania Bharati |oclc=339 }}
* [http://www.cssscal.org/pdf/Annual_report_2015-16.pdf “Subramania Barati and Tamil Modernism”]
* [https://www.academia.edu/38522940/ACLA_2019_-_Fictionalizing_an_Untold_History_The_Recent_Cases_of_Mexico_and_Italy_ "Fictionalizing an Untold History"]

==External links==

{{Commons category|Subramanya Bharathi}}
{{Wikisource|ta:ஆசிரியர்:பாரதியார்|பாரதியார்}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://subramaniabharati.com Mahakavi Subramania Bharati by Bharati's Granddaughter, Dr. S. Vijaya Bharati]
* [http://www.mahakavibharathiyar.info To know all about Mahakavi Bharathiar]
* [https://dheivegam.com/bharathiyar-biography-tamil/ Complete history of Mahakavi Bharathiar]
* http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Bharathiar-museum-in-Cuddalore-prison-to-be-thrown-open-soon/article16630552.ece
* {{Librivox author |id=8754}}

{{Indian independence movement}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bharathy, Subramania}}
[[Category:Tamil poets]]
[[Category:Tamil activists]]
[[Category:Tamil-language writers]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Hindu poets]]
[[Category:1882 births]]
[[Category:1921 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Thoothukudi district]]
[[Category:Indian reformers]]
[[Category:Indian autobiographers]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Animal attack victims]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Poets from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Brahmins who fought against discrimination]]
[[Category:Tamil-language literature]]
[[Category:Anti-caste activists]]

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