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{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Subhatavarman<br />
| title =<br />
| succession = King of [[Malwa]]<br />
| reign = {{circa|1194|1209 CE}}<br />
| predecessor = [[Vindhyavarman]]<br />
| successor = [[Arjunavarman I]]<br />
| dynasty = [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Subhatavarman''' (reigned c. 1194-1209 CE), also known as '''Sohada''', was an Indian king from the [[Paramara dynasty]], who ruled in the [[Malwa]] region of central India.<br />
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== Early life ==<br />
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Subhatavarman succeeded his father [[Vindhyavarman]] as the Paramara king.{{sfn|Trivedi|1991|p=162}} His father Vindhyavarman had re-established the Paramara sovereignty in Malwa, after a two-decade-long rule of the [[Chaulukya]]s of [[Gujarat]]. During the early part of his reign, the Chaulukya power had declined because of Muslim invasions. Taking advantage of this situation, Subhatavarman successfully invaded the [[Lata (region)|Lata]] region (southern Gujarat).{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=146}}<br />
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== Invasion of Gujarat ==<br />
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According to the 14th century writer [[Merutunga]], Subhatavarman retreated from the Gujarat border after a minister of the Chaulukya king [[Bhima II]] recited a verse warning him of reprisals. But this is not supported by historical evidence.{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=147}} Historical evidence suggests that Subhatavarman invaded the Chaulukya kingdom around 1204 CE, and probably attacked their capital [[Anahilavada]] (or Anhilapataka).{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=146}} According to the Gujarati chronicles, he occupied Darbhavati (present-day [[Dabhoi]]) for some time. The poet Arisimha states that the king of Malwa removed the gold [[kalasha|pitchers]] from the Vaidyanatha temple of Darbhavati; these were later restored by the Jain merchant and [[Vaghela dynasty|Vaghela]] minister [[Vastupala]].{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=147}} Narendraprabha's ''Vastupala-prashasti'' names this king of Malwa as Subhatavarman.{{sfn|Laughlin |2003|p=308}} [[Muhammad Aufi]], in his ''[[Jawami ul-Hikayat]]'', states that a Paramara king plundered cities of Gujarat, and destroyed Hindu temples as well as mosques.{{sfn|Siddiqi|2010|p=91}} This probably refers to Subhatavarman's invasion.{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=147}} The Paramara king is believed to have destroyed a mosque in [[Khambat]], built by the Chaulukyas for the [[Indian Ocean trade|Arab traders]].{{sfn|Thapar|2008|p=225}}<br />
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Shridhara, a governor of the Chaulukyas, repulsed Subhatavarman's attack.{{sfn|Jain|1972|p=370}} His [[Prabhas Patan|Devapattana]] ''prashasti'' inscription suggests that he successfully defended his fort (near [[Somnath Temple|Somnath]]) against a Paramara siege.{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=147}} The Chaulukya feudatory Lavana-Prasada of [[Dholka]] probably forced Subhatavarman to abandon his campaign.{{sfn|Jain|1972|p=370}} Lavana's [[Dabhoi]] ''prashasti'' inscription, composed by Someshvara, states that he was like a repository of medicine against the disease-resembling invaders, which included the ruler of [[Dhara (city)|Dhara]]. Although Someshvara does not name the ruler of Dhara (the Paramara capital), he appears to be Subhatavarman. Another poet Balachandra names Lavana's adversary as Sribhata of Malwa, who has been identified as Subhatavarman.{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=148}}<br />
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== Later life ==<br />
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According to a [[Yadavas of Devagiri|Yadava]] inscription, the Yadava king [[Jaitugi]] defeated the Malavas (that is, the Paramaras), among other dynasties. The inscription grossly exaggerates the military successes of the Yadava ruler, though it is possible that the Yadava general Sahadeva raided Malwa when Subhatavarman was in Gujarat. There is no evidence that the Yadavas penetrated deep into Malwa, and the conflict was probably a border skirmish.{{sfn|A. S. Altekar|1960|p=530}}<br />
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Subhatavarman donated two gardens to a [[Vishnu]] temple.{{sfn|Jain|1972|p=416}} He was succeeded by his son [[Arjunavarman I]].{{sfn|Trivedi|1991|p=163}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
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=== Bibliography ===<br />
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{{ref begin}}<br />
* {{cite book |author=A. S. Altekar |author-link=Anant Sadashiv Altekar |editor=Ghulam Yazdani |title=The Early History of the Deccan Parts |volume=VIII: Yādavas of Seuṇadeśa |year=1960 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=http://www.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/531155 |oclc=59001459 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828105828/http://www.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/531155 |archive-date=28 August 2016 |df=dmy-all }}<br />
* {{cite book |first=Kailash Chand |last=Jain |title=Malwa Through the Ages, from the Earliest Times to 1305 A.D |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_3O7q7cU7k0C&pg=PA354 |year=1972 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0824-9 }}<br />
* {{cite book |first=Jack C. |last=Laughlin |editor=Phyllis Granoff and Koichi Shinohara |title=Pilgrims, Patrons, and Place: Localizing Sanctity in Asian Religions |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbIOD34a06kC&pg=PA308 |year=2003 |publisher=UBC Press |isbn=978-0-7748-1039-5 }}<br />
* {{cite book|first=Asoke Kumar |last=Majumdar |title=Chaulukyas of Gujarat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ffAdAAAAMAAJ |year=1956 |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan }}<br />
* {{cite book |first=Iqtidar Husain |last=Siddiqi |title=Indo-Persian Historiography Up to the Thirteenth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DJbmTL8svpwC&pg=PA91 |year=2010 |publisher=Primus Books |isbn=978-81-908918-0-6 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Harihar Vitthal Trivedi |title=Inscriptions of the Paramāras (Part 2) |series=Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume VII: Inscriptions of the Paramāras, Chandēllas, Kachchapaghātas, and two minor dynasties |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8B4LAQAAMAAJ |year=1991 |publisher=[[Archaeological Survey of India]] |ref={{harvid|Trivedi|1991}} }}<br />
* {{cite book |first=Romila |last=Thapar |title=Somanatha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZZ8T8tZc4YC&pg=PA225 |year=2008 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-14-306468-8 }}<br />
{{ref end}}<br />
{{Paramara dynasty}}<br />
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[[Category:Paramara dynasty]]<br />
[[Category:12th-century Indian monarchs]]<br />
[[Category:13th-century Indian monarchs]]</div>imported>Citation bot