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[[File:Indian cuisine-Chaat-Bhelpuri-01.jpg|thumb|A street vendor prepares [[Bhelpuri]] in Mumbai, Maharashtra ]]
[[File:Pav Bhaji at Home.JPG|thumb|[[Pav bhaji]]]]
'''Street food of Mumbai''' is the food sold by hawkers from portable market stalls in [[Mumbai]]. It is one of the characteristics of the city.<ref name=jg07>{{cite book|last=Green|first=Jen|title=Mumbai|year=2007|publisher=Evans Brothers|isbn=0237531259|pages=38}}</ref> The city is known for its distinctive [[street food]]s.<ref name=da04>{{cite book|last=Abram|first=David|title=Goa|year=2004|publisher=Rough Guides|isbn=1843530813|page=267}}</ref> Although street food is common all over India, street food in Mumbai is noted because people from all [[economic class]]es eat on the roadside almost round the clock and it is sometimes felt that the taste of street food is better than restaurants in the city.<ref name=nyt09>{{cite news|title=Snack Attack, Mumbai. Eating Safe Street Food.|url=http://intransit.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/16/snack-attack-mumbai-eating-safe-street-food/|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=16 January 2009}}</ref><ref name=td10>{{cite book |last=Dalal |first=Tarla |title=Mumbai Roadside Snacks |year=2010 |publisher=Sanjay & Co |isbn=8189491660 |page=3}}</ref><ref name=dnaj09a>{{cite news|title=Get set for a taste of real Mumbai|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_get-set-for-a-taste-of-real-mumbai_1226455|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=31 January 2009}}</ref> Many Mumbaikars like a small snack on the road in the evening.<ref name=cnna09>{{cite news|title=Mumbai street food: What's a Japanese sous chef got to do with it?|url=http://www.cnngo.com/mumbai/eat/mumbai-street-food-whats-japanese-sous-chef-got-do-it-240023|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[CNN]]|date=7 August 2009}}</ref> People of Mumbai cut across barriers of class, religion, gender and ethnicity are passionate about street food.<ref name=jsa08>{{cite book|last=Anjaria|first=Jonathan Shapiro|title=Unruly streets: Everyday practices and promises of globality in Mumbai |year=2008 |publisher=ProQuest |isbn=0549763872 |page=2}}</ref> Street food vendors are credited by some for developing the city's [[food culture]].<ref name=dc11>{{cite news|title=Masterchef hits streets|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/tv-guide/masterchef-hits-streets-327|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=19 November 2011}}</ref> Street food in Mumbai is relatively inexpensive as compared to restaurants and vendors tend to be clustered around crowded areas such as colleges and railway stations.<ref name=nyt09/>

==Variety==
[[File:Mumbai Vada Pav.jpg|thumb|Mumbai Vada Pav, the most popular Mumbai food]]
[[File:Vada Pav.jpg|thumb|[[Vada pav]]]]
Mumbai being capital (and largest urban area) of Maharashtra is dominated by Maharashtrian food. [[Vada pav]] is noted as the most popular street food in Mumbai.<ref name=tt04>{{cite news|title=Jumbo King tries a McDonald’s with vada pav - 10,000 a day & counting|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1040711/asp/nation/story_3480991.asp|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|date=11 July 2004}}</ref><ref name=dna11>{{cite news|title=The king of Bombay’s street food: Wada pav|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/slice-of-life_the-king-of-bombays-street-food-wada-pav_1533816|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=19 April 2011}}</ref> Other noted street foods in Mumbai include [[panipuri]], [[bhelpuri]], [[sevpuri]], [[dahipuri]], [[sandwich]]es, [[ragda-pattice]], [[pav bhaji]], [[Chinese bhel]], [[idli]]s and [[dosa]]s, all of which are vegetarian. In terms of non-vegetarian offerings [[Omelette|omelette-pav]], [[kebab]]s and fish are found on Mumbai streets.<ref name=dnaj09a/> The amount of variety of street food is attributed to the cosmopolitan culture of the city.<ref name=dnaj09b>{{cite news|title=Street food reflects city’s cosmopolitan culture|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/speakup/report_mumbai-s-streets-have-a-lot-on-their-platter_1277995|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=28 July 2009}}</ref> In the 1980s Indianised [[Indian Chinese cuisine|Chinese food]] was an emerging trend on Mumbai streets.<ref name=ato07>{{cite news|title=India gets a taste for Chinese|url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/IJ30Df03.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821202334/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/IJ30Df03.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=21 August 2008|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Asia Times]]|date=30 October 2007}}</ref> Other popular street food items include [[Misal pav]] (spicy curry made of sprouted moth beans which is eaten with pav, an Indian bread), and vegetable frankie (a popular and cheaper version of wraps and rolls).<ref name=fpj36>{{cite news|title=Mumbai’s yummy street food|url=http://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbais-yummy-street-food/|access-date=5 August 2015|newspaper=[[The Free Press Journal]]|date=26 April 2015}}</ref>

[[Kulfi]] (a type of [[ice cream]]) and [[Snow cone|gola]] (type of ice cone) are among the desserts and coolants found on Mumbai streets.<ref name=tbg10>{{cite news|title=Bombay cafe makes a bang in London|url=http://www.boston.com/ae/food/restaurants/articles/2010/12/29/dishoon_makes_a_bang_in_london/|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=29 December 2010}}</ref> Apart from snacks, Mumbai has several juice and milkshake bars on the roadside that offer a variety of juices and milkshakes.<ref name=da04/> Fresh [[Sugarcane juice]] vendors are synonymous with Mumbai roads and offer a cheap form of refreshment.<ref name=md10>{{cite news|title=Chop sticks|url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2010/jan/070110-BMC-sugarcane-juice-Mumbai-campaign.htm|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Mid-Day]]|date=7 January 2010}}</ref><ref name=etm09>{{cite news|title=Chilled sugarcane chunks are perfect antidote to hot summer days|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-05-15/news/28438892_1_sugarcane-tastebuds-natural-sugar|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=15 May 2009}}</ref> [[Tea|Tea vendor]]s cycle around the city, selling the beverage hot on the streets. Street vendors normally remain unaffected by general strike calls and do business all year around.<ref name=mm07>{{cite news|title=All in the search of food|url=http://www.moneylife.in/article/78/6845.html|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=Moneylife Magazine|date=5 July 2007}}</ref> [[Paan]], a [[betel leaf]] preparation eaten as a mouth freshener post meals in India<ref name=dnam10>{{cite news|title=Paan-tastic, your mouth freshner|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report_paan-tastic-your-mouth-freshner_1395330|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=12 June 2010}}</ref> is also sold at Mumbai's roadside stalls.<ref name=dnamay08>{{cite news|title=Khaike paan Benaraswala|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_khaike-paan-benaraswala_1164195|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=13 May 2008}}</ref>

==Areas and spread==
Lanes with a sizable cluster of street food stalls are known as ''Khau Galli'' locally which mean 'Food Alley' in Marathi.<ref name=toim12>{{cite news|title=Traffic Park as entertainment avenue and khau galli. Why not?|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-11/nagpur/31145203_1_traffic-park-food-street-vip-road|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312221715/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-11/nagpur/31145203_1_traffic-park-food-street-vip-road|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 March 2012|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 March 2012}}</ref> [[Girgaum Chowpatty]] beach is noted for its [[Bhelpuri]] and [[kulfi]].<ref name=ts05>{{cite news|title=Bhel puri|url=https://www.thestar.com/living/article/309291|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Toronto Star]]|date=3 May 2005}}</ref><ref name=tet06>{{cite news|title=Chowpatty's kulfi travels to the US|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-08-23/news/27436490_1_ice-creams-kulfi-flavours|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=23 August 2006}}</ref> Street vendors at [[Nariman Point]], one of the city's financial hubs, do brisk business during the lunch hour.<ref name=jb06>{{cite book|last=Bindloss|first=Joseph|title=Best of Mumbai|year=2006|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=1741047374|page=[https://archive.org/details/bestofmumbai00jose/page/49 49]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/bestofmumbai00jose/page/49}}</ref>

Mumbai's street food has made its way into kitchens of restaurants in the city, including [[five star hotel]]s.<ref name=nyt09/><ref name=dnaa10>{{cite news|title=Street food, hot and healthy!|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report_street-food-hot-and-healthy_1418679|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=4 August 2010}}</ref><ref name=tois03>{{cite news|title=Street food burps to top of 5-star chaats|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-09-06/mumbai/27181400_1_street-food-pani-puri-dahi|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103130103/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-09-06/mumbai/27181400_1_street-food-pani-puri-dahi|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 September 2003}}</ref> In fact, restaurants in various parts of the world have incorporated Mumbai's street food into their menu cards.<ref name=ts05/><ref name=co11>{{cite news|title=Indian street food is worth seeking out|url=http://www.charlotteobserver.com/2011/07/27/2483316/indian-street-food-is-worth-seeking.html|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[Charlotte Observer]]|date=27 July 2011}}</ref> Homegrown fast food companies that serve street food in Mumbai have been launched in recent years.<ref name=aos08>{{cite news|title=Mumbai takes on McDonald's with veggie street food|url=http://business.asiaone.com/Business/SME%2BCentral/Brand%2BMe%2521/Story/A1Story20080922-89272.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925183921/http://business.asiaone.com/Business/SME%2BCentral/Brand%2BMe%2521/Story/A1Story20080922-89272.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 September 2008|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=Asiaone.com|date=22 September 2008}}</ref>

==Controversies==

Some people avoid street food because of [[hygiene]] issues, however the larger public, irrespective of class enjoy Mumbai's street food.<ref name=dnaa10/> Restaurants and hotels have capitalised on this phenomenon by offering street food to their clientele.<ref name=tois03/> A large number of hawkers trade illegally, without mandatory permits from the [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation|local municipality]], by bribing officials.<ref name=jg07/><ref name=toinov>{{cite news|title=Only 34 FIRs on illegal hawkers in 3 years|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-23/mumbai/30432443_1_illegal-hawkers-k-west-ward-firs|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103125659/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-23/mumbai/30432443_1_illegal-hawkers-k-west-ward-firs|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=26 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=23 November 2011}}</ref> Drives to evict hawkers are regularly held, though the hawkers return after a short period of time.<ref name=ieju11>{{cite news|title=BMC will soon swoop down on illegal hawkers|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/bmc-will-soon-swoop-down-on-illegal-hawkers/818930/0|access-date=26 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=18 July 2011}}</ref> Equipment and other goods seized from illegal hawkers are returned by the municipality after the hawker pays a fine.<ref name=toimay11>{{cite news|title=BMC steps up action against illegal hawkers|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-06/mumbai/29515882_1_illegal-hawkers-bmc-act-redemption-charges|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103084136/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-06/mumbai/29515882_1_illegal-hawkers-bmc-act-redemption-charges|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=26 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 May 2011}}</ref> In 2007, the [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] ruled in a case against illegal hawking by asking the municipality to demarcate 230 areas in the city as legal hawking zones, a number that was later increased to 1700 areas; this is still to be implemented.<ref name=toinov11>{{cite news|title=‘Stop the excuses, enforce SC order’|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-23/mumbai/30432915_1_sc-order-street-vendors-draft-policy|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103140043/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-23/mumbai/30432915_1_sc-order-street-vendors-draft-policy|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=26 March 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=23 November 2011}}</ref> A news report in 2009 claimed that no hawking licenses had been issued in Mumbai for 20 years and that out of the estimated 250,000 hawkers in the city only about 17,000 had a valid license.<ref name=mmd09>{{cite news|title=Hawker shocker|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/index.aspx?page=article&sectid=15&contentid=2009121620091216031234597bd16db49|access-date=26 March 2012|newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]]|date=16 December 2009}}</ref>

A controversy emerged in 2011, when a [[panipuri]] vendor from [[Thane]] was filmed [[urinating]] into a container that was also used to serve the customers. The event led to a public uproar and a major political drama in the city;<ref>{{cite news|title=Sena-BJP split ways over pani puri waalas|url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2011/apr/190411-News-Mumbai-Sena-BJP-MNS-workers-assaults-pani-puri-waalas-BMC.htm|access-date=21 March 2012|newspaper=[[MiD DAY]]|date=19 March 2011}}</ref> [[Shiv Sena]] and [[Maharashtra Navnirman Sena]] members again attacked North Indians, targeting the Panipuri and Bhelpuri sellers of Mumbai and Thane.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pani puri scandal: MNS attacks vendors for urinating in serving vessels|url=http://www.sify.com/news/mns-attacks-snack-vendors-after-one-caught-peeing-in-vessel-news-national-leovkfghgih.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110417131703/http://www.sify.com/news/mns-attacks-snack-vendors-after-one-caught-peeing-in-vessel-news-national-leovkfghgih.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 April 2011|work=15 March 2011|publisher=[[Sify]]|access-date=21 March 2012}}</ref> The vendor concerned was arrested by the police and taken to court, which fined him and thereafter let him off with a warning.<ref name=mmap11>{{cite news|title=Do not say you weren’t warned|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/article/2/20110413201104130512335194fbde7b8/Do-not-say-you-weren%E2%80%99t-warned.html|access-date=22 March 2012|newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]]|date=13 April 2011}}</ref> After action against all panipuri vendors across the city by political parties, the vendor in question, who himself was in the business for 15 years, chose to give up the trade altogether and take up a job with a private [[security agency]].<ref name=mma11>{{cite news|title=Most famous paani puri walla quits to become a watchman|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/index.aspx?page=article&sectid=15&contentid=201104222011042204375711622e0ac27|access-date=22 March 2012|newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]]|date=22 April 2011}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Street food of Chennai]]
{{Portal bar|Food|India|Society}}

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=33em}}

{{Mumbai topics}}
{{Street food}}

[[Category:Street food in India|Mumbai]]
[[Category:Culture of Mumbai]]

Street food of Mumbai - Revision history

imported>GreenC bot: Rescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5