Stone carving in Odisha - Revision history

Dwatson32 at 12:39, 12 October 2025

2025-10-12T12:39:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:09, 12 October 2025
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	\| official website =		\| official website =
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			[[File:Rajarani Temple 03.jpg\|thumb\|Varuna Sculpture Rajarani Temple, Bhubaneswar]]
	'''Stone carving in Odisha''' is the ancient practice of sculpting stone into art and utilitarian objects. It is an ancient practice in the Indian state of [[Odisha]]. Stone carving is practiced by artisans mainly in [[Puri]], [[Bhubaneswar]] and [[Lalitgiri]] in the [[Cuttack district]], though some carvings can be found in [[Khiching]] in the [[Mayurbhanj District]]. Stone carving is one of the major handcrafts of [[Odisha]]. The art form primarily consists of custom carved works,<ref>{{cite web\|title=Stone carving in Orissa\|url=http://www.incredibleodisha.org/Stone-Carvings-in-orissa.aspx\|website=Incredible Odisha\|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> with the [[Sun Temple of Konark]] and its intricate sculpture and delicate carvings on the red vivid sandstone exemplifying the practice. Other noteworthy monuments include the Stupas of [[Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves\|Udayagiri]] and [[Ratnagiri, Odisha\|Ratnagiri]] and the temples at [[Jagannath]], [[Lingaraj]], [[Mukteshwar]] and as well as other temples in the region.		'''Stone carving in Odisha''' is the ancient practice of sculpting stone into art and utilitarian objects. It is an ancient practice in the Indian state of [[Odisha]]. Stone carving is practiced by artisans mainly in [[Puri]], [[Bhubaneswar]] and [[Lalitgiri]] in the [[Cuttack district]], though some carvings can be found in [[Khiching]] in the [[Mayurbhanj District]]. Stone carving is one of the major handcrafts of [[Odisha]]. The art form primarily consists of custom carved works,<ref>{{cite web\|title=Stone carving in Orissa\|url=http://www.incredibleodisha.org/Stone-Carvings-in-orissa.aspx\|website=Incredible Odisha\|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> with the [[Sun Temple of Konark]] and its intricate sculpture and delicate carvings on the red vivid sandstone exemplifying the practice. Other noteworthy monuments include the Stupas of [[Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves\|Udayagiri]] and [[Ratnagiri, Odisha\|Ratnagiri]] and the temples at [[Jagannath]], [[Lingaraj]], [[Mukteshwar]] and as well as other temples in the region.

	==Stones==		==Stones==
	[[Sandstone]], [[soap stone\|soapstone]], [[serpentinite]], [[Makrana marble]], and [[granite]] were used in Konark stone carving.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Stone Carving\|url=http://www.orupa.org/stone_carving.html\|website=Orupa\|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> Skillful artists may use the soft, white soapstone, {{~~transl~~\|or\|khadipathara}}, or the slightly harder greenish [[chlorite]] or {{~~transl~~\|or\|kochilapathara}}. Rocks such as the pinkish {{~~transl~~\|or\|khandolite}}, {{~~transl~~\|or\|sahanapathara}} or {{~~transl~~\|or\|baulapathara}} and the hardest of all, black granite and {{~~transl~~\|or\|muguni pathara}} are commonly used.		[[Sandstone]], [[soap stone\|soapstone]], [[serpentinite]], [[Makrana marble]], and [[granite]] were used in Konark stone carving.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Stone Carving\|url=http://www.orupa.org/stone_carving.html\|website=Orupa\|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> Skillful artists may use the soft, white soapstone, {{Transliteration\|or\|khadipathara}}, or the slightly harder greenish [[chlorite]] or {{Transliteration\|or\|kochilapathara}}. Rocks such as the pinkish {{Transliteration\|or\|khandolite}}, {{Transliteration\|or\|sahanapathara}} or {{Transliteration\|or\|baulapathara}} and the hardest of all, black granite and {{Transliteration\|or\|muguni pathara}} are commonly used.

	==Procedure==		==Procedure==
	An outline of sorts is first drawn on the cut-to-size stone. Once the outline is engraved, the final figure is brought out by removing the unwanted portions. For the harder stones, this is done by chiseling out the extra material. With softer stones, it is done by scraping out the extra material with a sharp flat-edged iron tool. Hammers and chisels of various sizes are used (e.g., the {{~~transl~~\|or\|muna}}, {{~~transl~~\|or\|patili}}, {{~~transl~~\|or\|martual}}, {{~~transl~~\|or\|thuk-thuki}} and {{~~transl~~\|or\|nitana}}).		An outline of sorts is first drawn on the cut-to-size stone. Once the outline is engraved, the final figure is brought out by removing the unwanted portions. For the harder stones, this is done by chiseling out the extra material. With softer stones, it is done by scraping out the extra material with a sharp flat-edged iron tool. Hammers and chisels of various sizes are used (e.g., the {{Transliteration\|or\|muna}}, {{Transliteration\|or\|patili}}, {{Transliteration\|or\|martual}}, {{Transliteration\|or\|thuk-thuki}} and {{Transliteration\|or\|nitana}}).

	==Products==		==Products==
	Subjects are often traditional images, including mythological figures. Utilitarian items like candle stands, pen stands, paperweights, bookends, lamp bases and [[stoneware]] utensils are also created. Turning and polishing with a wooden lathe called Kunda, the craftsmen produce beautiful polished plates (thali), containers (gina, pathuri), cups and glasses. These are used for {{~~transl~~\|hi\|[[Puja (Hinduism)\|pujas]]}}, ritual worships and for daily eating. Stoneware containers are particularly good for storing curd as they do not react to acid. They are also filled with water and used for holding the legs of wooden almirahs to keep out the ants.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Stone Carving\|url=http://odishatourism.gov.in/Attractions/Handicrafts/Stone.aspx\|website=Odisha Tourism\|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref>		Subjects are often traditional images, including mythological figures. Utilitarian items like candle stands, pen stands, paperweights, bookends, lamp bases and [[stoneware]] utensils are also created. Turning and polishing with a wooden lathe called Kunda, the craftsmen produce beautiful polished plates (thali), containers (gina, pathuri), cups and glasses. These are used for {{Transliteration\|hi\|[[Puja (Hinduism)\|pujas]]}}, ritual worships and for daily eating. Stoneware containers are particularly good for storing curd as they do not react to acid. They are also filled with water and used for holding the legs of wooden almirahs to keep out the ants.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Stone Carving\|url=http://odishatourism.gov.in/Attractions/Handicrafts/Stone.aspx\|website=Odisha Tourism\|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref>

			== Gallery ==
			<gallery>
			File:Loving couple mithuna- 13th century India.png\|Loving Maithuna Sculpture - 13th century Eastern ganga dynasty
			File:Sculptures in the Odisha State Museum1.jpg\|Sculpture art from Odisha
			File:Chamunda at Odisha State Museum, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.jpg\|Chamunda 8th century CE at Odisha State Museum, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
			File:Sculpture of Alasa Kanya at Vaital Deul, Bhubaneswar.jpg\|Sculpture of Alasa Kanya at Vaital Deul, Bhubaneswar
			</gallery>

	==References==		==References==
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	{{Odisha}}		{{Odisha}}
	{{Odia culture}}		{{Odia culture}}

	[[Category:Geographical indications in Odisha]]		[[Category:Geographical indications in Odisha]]
	[[Category:Stonemasonry]]		[[Category:Stonemasonry]]

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-03-07T06:19:16Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 11:49, 7 March 2022
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			{{Short description\|Ancient stone sculpting practice}}
	{{Infobox geographical indication		{{Infobox geographical indication
	\| name = Konark Stone Carving		\| name = Konark Stone Carving

->Ira Leviton: Added transliteration tags so that non-English words aren't detected as typos by spellcheckers like Wikipedia:Typo_Team/moss. Please also see Template:Lang#Rationale.

2021-08-25T01:30:53Z

Added transliteration tags so that non-English words aren't detected as typos by spellcheckers like Wikipedia:Typo_Team/moss. Please also see Template:Lang#Rationale.

New page

{{Infobox geographical indication
| name = Konark Stone Carving
| color =
| logo =
| image = Stone work at Konark Orissa India.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| alternative names = Konark Stone Carving <br/>(କୋଣାର୍କ ପଥର ଖୋଦେଇ)
| description =
| type = [[Handcraft]], [[Stone]]
| area = [[Konark]], [[Puri district]], [[Odisha]]
| country = [[India]]
| registered = 
| material = [[Handcraft]]
| official website =
}}

'''Stone carving in Odisha''' is the ancient practice of sculpting stone into art and utilitarian objects. It is an ancient practice in the Indian state of [[Odisha]]. Stone carving is practiced by artisans mainly in [[Puri]], [[Bhubaneswar]] and [[Lalitgiri]] in the [[Cuttack district]], though some carvings can be found in [[Khiching]] in the [[Mayurbhanj District]]. Stone carving is one of the major handcrafts of [[Odisha]]. The art form primarily consists of custom carved works,<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone carving in Orissa|url=http://www.incredibleodisha.org/Stone-Carvings-in-orissa.aspx|website=Incredible Odisha|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> with the [[Sun Temple of Konark]] and its intricate sculpture and delicate carvings on the red vivid sandstone exemplifying the practice. Other noteworthy monuments include the Stupas of [[Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves|Udayagiri]] and [[Ratnagiri, Odisha|Ratnagiri]] and the temples at [[Jagannath]], [[Lingaraj]], [[Mukteshwar]] and as well as other temples in the region.

==Stones==
[[Sandstone]], [[soap stone|soapstone]], [[serpentinite]], [[Makrana marble]], and [[granite]] were used in Konark stone carving.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone Carving|url=http://www.orupa.org/stone_carving.html|website=Orupa|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> Skillful artists may use the soft, white soapstone, {{transl|or|khadipathara}}, or the slightly harder greenish [[chlorite]] or {{transl|or|kochilapathara}}. Rocks such as the pinkish {{transl|or|khandolite}}, {{transl|or|sahanapathara}} or {{transl|or|baulapathara}} and the hardest of all, black granite and {{transl|or|muguni pathara}} are commonly used.

==Procedure==
An outline of sorts is first drawn on the cut-to-size stone. Once the outline is engraved, the final figure is brought out by removing the unwanted portions. For the harder stones, this is done by chiseling out the extra material. With softer stones, it is done by scraping out the extra material with a sharp flat-edged iron tool. Hammers and chisels of various sizes are used (e.g., the {{transl|or|muna}}, {{transl|or|patili}}, {{transl|or|martual}}, {{transl|or|thuk-thuki}} and {{transl|or|nitana}}).

==Products==
Subjects are often traditional images, including mythological figures. Utilitarian items like candle stands, pen stands, paperweights, bookends, lamp bases and [[stoneware]] utensils are also created. Turning and polishing with a wooden lathe called Kunda, the craftsmen produce beautiful polished plates (thali), containers (gina, pathuri), cups and glasses. These are used for {{transl|hi|[[Puja (Hinduism)|pujas]]}}, ritual worships and for daily eating. Stoneware containers are particularly good for storing curd as they do not react to acid. They are also filled with water and used for holding the legs of wooden almirahs to keep out the ants.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone Carving|url=http://odishatourism.gov.in/Attractions/Handicrafts/Stone.aspx|website=Odisha Tourism|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Odisha}}
{{Odia culture}}
[[Category:Geographical indications in Odisha]]
[[Category:Stonemasonry]]