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	{{Infobox religious biography		{{Infobox religious biography
	\| image = Jain Temple, Kamaldah, Gulzarbagh, Patna, Bihar..JPG		\| image = Jain Temple, Kamaldah, Gulzarbagh, Patna, Bihar..JPG
	\| caption = Sthulabhadra Jain temple in Kamaldah, [[Patna]]		\| caption = [[Sthulabhadra Jain temple]] in Kamaldah, [[Patna]]
	\| religion = [[Jainism]]		\| religion = [[Jainism]]
	\| sect = [[Svetambara]]		\| sect = [[Svetambara]]

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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| image = Jain Temple, Kamaldah, Gulzarbagh, Patna, Bihar..JPG
| caption = Sthulabhadra Jain temple in Kamaldah, [[Patna]]
| religion = [[Jainism]]
| sect = [[Svetambara]]
| father = Sakatala
}}
{{Jainism}}
[[File:MET DP154827.jpg|thumb|Sthulabhadra]]
'''Sthulabhadra''' (297-198 BCE) was the founder of [[Svetambara]] Jain order during a 12-year famine in [[Maurya empire]] in third or fourth-century BC. He was a disciple of [[Bhadrabahu]] and Sambhutavijaya. His father was Sakatala, a minister in [[Nanda kingdom]] before the arrival of [[Chandragupta Maurya]]. When his brother became the chief minister of the kingdom, Sthulabhadra became a [[Jain monk]]. He is mentioned in the 12th-century [[Jain text]] by [[Hemachandra]].

==Life==
Sthulabhadra was a son of the [[Dhana Nanda]]'s minister Sakatala and brother of Shrikaya.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=42}}{{sfn|Hemacandra|1998|pp=155, 169, 194–200}} He is traditionally dated in 297 to 198 BCE.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=42}} He loved and lived with a royal dancer in Dhana Nanda's court named Rupkosa.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=42}}{{sfn|Hemacandra|1998|pp=155, 169, 194–200}} He denied ministry after the death of his father and became a [[Jain monk]].{{sfn|Upinder Singh|2016|p=273}} His brother became the chief minister in Nanda empire later.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=43}}{{sfn|Hemacandra|1998|pp=155, 169, 194–200}} He became a disciple of Sambhutavijaya (347-257 BCE) and [[Bhadrabahu]] (322-243 BCE).{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|pp=42-43}}{{sfn|Hemacandra|1998|pp=155, 169, 194–200}}<ref>Arya Sthulibhadra By Vijaya Nityānanda Sūri, Cidānanda Vijaya</ref> He led an ascetic life for 12 years.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=43}} He spent his ''[[chaturmas]]'' at Rupkosa's home, during which she tried to lure him away from ascetic life but failed.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=43}} Sthulabhadra in turn gave her vows of a Shravika (Jain laywoman).{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=43}}

He is said to have learned the 14 ''purvas'' (pre-canons) from Bhadrabahu and is considered as last spiritual omniscient in [[Svetambara]] tradition, a claim which is rejected by [[Digambara]] tradition.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=43}} He was succeeded by his disciples Mahagiri and Suhasti.{{sfn|Natubhai Shah|2004|p=43}}<ref>Jain Dharma ka Maulik Itihas, Acharya Hastimal, 1974, Part 2, p. 383-440</ref> Digambara texts state that Sthulabhadra permitted the use loincloth during the 12-year famine, a practice that started the Svetambara order.<ref>{{citation |title=Digambara |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Digambara |work=britannica.com }}</ref><ref>Sthulabhadra, Ganesh Lalwani, Jain Journal, April 1985, p. 152</ref> He is mentioned in the 12th-century Jain text by [[Hemachandra]].{{sfn|Hemacandra|1998|pp=155, 169, 194–200}}

==References==
===Citations===
{{Reflist}}
===Sources===
* {{citation |last=Hemacandra |title=The Lives of the Jain Elders |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=quNpKVqABGMC |year=1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press |translator-first=Richard |translator-last=Fynes |isbn=978-0-19-283227-6 }}
* {{citation |last=Shah |first=Natubhai |title=Jainism: The World of Conquerors |url={{Google books|qLNQKGcDIhsC|plainurl=yes}} |volume=I |date=2004 |orig-year=First published in 1998 |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |isbn=978-81-208-1938-2 |ref={{sfnref|Natubhai Shah|2004}} }}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Upinder |author-link=Upinder Singh |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq2iCwAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Pearson PLC]] |year=2016 |isbn=978-81-317-1677-9 |ref={{sfnref|Upinder Singh|2016}} }}

{{Jain Gurus}}
{{Jainism topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Jain acharyas]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing]]
[[Category:297 BC births]]
[[Category:198 BC deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Jain monks]]
[[Category:3rd-century BC Indian Jains]]
[[Category:3rd-century BC Jain monks]]
[[Category:3rd-century BC Indian monks]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC Indian Jains]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC Jain monks]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC Indian monks]]
[[Category:Śvētāmbara monks]]

{{Jainism-stub}}
{{India-reli-bio-stub}}

Sthulabhadra - Revision history

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