https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Srivari_BrahmotsavamSrivari Brahmotsavam - Revision history2026-08-22T04:14:06ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Srivari_Brahmotsavam&diff=474491&oldid=prevAman Mehta: added info2025-12-09T00:47:36Z<p>added info</p>
<a href="//en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Srivari_Brahmotsavam&diff=474491&oldid=140797">Show changes</a>Aman Mehtahttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Srivari_Brahmotsavam&diff=140797&oldid=previmported>Satishgyudhistr: /* Two festivals */2021-08-28T16:26:37Z<p><span class="autocomment">Two festivals</span></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Redirect|Brahmotsavam|the 2016 film|Brahmotsavam (film)|other uses|Vairamudi Brahmotsava}}<br />
{{More footnotes|date=March 2014}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox holiday<br />
|holiday_name = Srivari Brahmotsavams <br />శ్రీవారి బ్రహ్మొత్సవములు<br />
|type = Religious<br />
|image = Lord Venkateswara on Gaja Vahanam..JPG<br />
|imagesize =<br />
|caption = [[Venkateswara]] Vishnu temple<br />
|official_name = Sri Venkateswara Brahmotsavams<br />
|nickname = Tirumala Brahmotsavams, Tirupati Brahmotsavams<br />
|observedby = [[Hindu]]s<br />
|litcolor =<br />
|longtype =<br />
|significance =<br />
|begins = <br />
|ends =<br />
|date =<br />
|scheduling = <!-- e.g. "same day each year" --><br />
|duration = Nine days<br />
|frequency = Annual<br />
<!-- Use next three if holiday is the same day of the same week every year --><br />
|week_ordinal = <!-- "first", "second", "last", etc. --><br />
|weekday = <!-- "Sunday", "Monday", "Friday", etc. --><br />
|month = <!-- "January", "February", "December", etc. --><br />
<!-- Use next three if the date changes in an unusual pattern each year --><br />
|date2016 = <!-- only for days that change each year --><br />
|date2017 = <!-- only for days that change each year --><br />
<br />
|celebrations = The [[Malayappa swami|Malayappa]] (processional deity) of [[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala]] is taken on the morning and evening of the nine-day festival on four streets around the shrine. Celebrations include dance, music, elephants and horses.<br />
|observances = <br />
|relatedto = [[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Sri Venkateswara Swami vari Brahmotsavam''' or '''Srivari Brahmotsavam''' is the most significant<ref name=svutsav1>{{cite book | title = Srivari Brahmotsavam| publisher = The Hindu | year = 1975 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=FXZMAgAAQBAJ&q=tirupati+brahmotsavams+the+hindu&pg=PA26}}</ref> annual [[fête]] celebrated at the [[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala|Venkateswara Temple]] in [[Tirumala]]-[[Tirupati]], [[Chittoor district]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. The feast lasts for one month during the Hindu calendar month of [[Asvina|Āśvina]], which falls between the [[Gregorian calendar]] months of September and October.<ref>{{Cite news|title=8th Day of Srivari Salakatla Brahmotsavam-Aswa Vahanam on Oct 12|date=12 October 2013|newspaper=Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams News|url=http://news.ttdevasthanams.com/8th-day-of-srivari-salakatla-brahmotsavam-aswa-vahanam-on-oct-12/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318182257/http://news.ttdevasthanams.com/8th-day-of-srivari-salakatla-brahmotsavam-aswa-vahanam-on-oct-12/|archive-date=18 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
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The ''Utsava-murti'' (processional deity) of the presiding deity, [[Venkateswara]], and his consorts Sridevi and Bhudevi are taken on a procession on several ''[[vahana]]ms'' on the streets surrounding the temple. The celebration attracts pilgrims and tourists from all over India and around the world. A ''Brahmotsavam'' is a cleansing ceremony in honor of [[Brahma|Lord Brahma]], and the ceremony at Tirumala is the largest.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brahmotsavam: Why is Brahmotsavam Celebrated|publisher=Ygoy|url=http://hinduism.ygoy.com/2011/08/17/brahmotsavam-why-is-brahmotsavam-celebrated/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318173943/http://hinduism.ygoy.com/2011/08/17/brahmotsavam-why-is-brahmotsavam-celebrated/|archive-date=18 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
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==Etymology==<br />
The word ''Brahmotsavam'' is a combination of two [[Sanskrit]] words—''[[Brahma]]'' and ''utsavam'' (festival)—and Brahma reportedly conducted the first festival. ''Brahma'' also means "grand" or "large".<ref name="day5night1">{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/brahmotsavam-celebrations-begin-at-tirupati/article19728057.ece| title=Mother of all Festivals | work=The Hindu | date=21 September 2017 | access-date=25 October 2017}}</ref> Srivari Brahmotsavam is also known as "Venkateswara Salakatla Brahmotsavams" and "Venkateswara Navaratri Brahmotsavams".<br />
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==<span id="Two Brahmotsavam in Adhika Maas Year"></span>Two festivals==<br />
When there is an extra month in the lunar calendar, two Brahmotsavam are held viz., Salakatla and Navarathri. Both festivals were held in 2015. 2018 and 2020.<br />
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In Salakatla Brahmotsavam, Rathotsavam (Big Chariot) is held on the morning of the eighth day; during Navratri Brahmotsavam, Golden Chariot (Swarna Rathotsavam) is held that morning of the eighth day. In Salakatla Brahmotsavam, there will be flag hoisting (Dwajarohanam) on 1st day and flag-lowering (Dwajaavarohanam) on the evening of the ninth day.<ref>{{cite web|last1=K|first1=Kandaswamy|title= Detailed Schedule of Brahmotsavam in Tirupati - 2 Brahmotsavam if Adhika Maas (Extra Month) comes in Lunar Calendar|url=https://skanda-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/tirupati-brahmotsavam-schedule-tirumala-salakatla-navarathri-brahmotsavam-garuda-seva-dates.html|website=Live Trend|publisher=K Kandaswamy|access-date=28 August 2021}}</ref><br />
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==<span id="Legend"></span><span id="History"></span>History and legend==<br />
According to the [[legend of Tirumala]], Brahma descends to earth to conduct the festival.<ref name=svutsav1 /> ''Sri Venkteswara Sahasranamastotra'' refers to Brahma performing the festival, signified by a small, empty wooden chariot (''brahmaratham'') which moves ahead of the processions of the [[Venkateswara]] processional deity [[Malayappa swami|Malayappa]].<ref name=svutsav1 /><ref name=toi1>{{cite news | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Tirupati-dresses-up-for-Brahmotsavam/articleshow/24404716.cms?referral=PM| title=Tirupati dresses up for Brahmotsavam | work=Times of India | date=7 October 2002 | access-date=1 August 2017}}</ref><br />
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The first reference to festivals in the [[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala|Tirumala Venkateswara Temple]] was in 966 CE, when the Pallava queen Samavai endowed land and ordered its revenue to celebrate festivals in the temple.{{sfn|Feminism and World Religions| 1999| p= 48}}{{full citation needed|date=May 2019}}<ref name=svutsav1 /> Until 1582, Brahmotsavams were held as often as 12 times a year.<ref name=svutsav1 /><br />
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==<span id="Celebration"></span>Celebrations==<br />
The Brahmotsavam is held over nine days at the beginning of the [[Hindu calendar]] month of [[Asvina|Āśvina]], paralleling [[Navaratri]]. The evening before the first day, the rite of Ankurarpana (the sowing of seeds to signify fertility and abundance) is performed. The main first-day activity is Dwajarohana, the raising of the [[Garuda]] flag to signify the beginning of the festival. Religious activities during the festival include daily [[Homa (ritual)|homas]] and processions on streets surrounding the temple. The final day commemorates Venkateswara's birth star. The [[Sudarshana Chakra]] is bathed in the [[temple tank]] with the devotees. The Chakra is then placed on a high platform, and the devotees walk under it and are blessed with its dripping water. The festival ends with Dhvajavarohanam, the lowering of the Garuda flag.<br />
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{{glossary}}<br />
{{term|Dwajarohanam}}<br />
{{defn|A ceremony on the first day, when a flag with a picture of [[Garuda]] (the [[Vahana|vehicle]] of [[Vishnu]]) is hoisted over the temple.<ref name=day1>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/tirumala-brahmotsavam-begins/article5205431.ece | title=Tirumala Brahmotsavam begins | work=The Hindu | date=6 October 2006 | access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref> The flag is believed to be a symbolic invitation to the [[Hindu deities]] to attend the festival.<ref name=day1 /> After the ceremony, the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]] [[chief minister]] offers new silk clothes to [[Venkateswara]].<ref name=day1cm>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ttd-gearing-up-for-brahmotsavams/article19212171.ece| title=TTD gearing up for Brahmotsavams | work=The Hindu | date=5 July 2017 | access-date=25 July 2017}}</ref>}}<br />
{{term|Garuda Vahanam}}<br />
{{defn|On the evening of the fifth day, Venkateswara and Garuda are carried in a procession and decorated with garlands of flowers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.tirumala.org/andal-mala-presented-to-lord-venkateswara-in-tirumala|title=Andal Mala Presented to Lord Venkateswara in Tirumala|access-date=18 December 2019|date=29 September 2014|website=TTD News}}</ref> Every year, the Tirupati Venkateswara garland is sent to the Srivilliputtur Andal Temple for the marriage festival of Andal.<ref name="sri">{{cite web|url=http://www.srivilliputtur.co.in/srivilliputtur_andal_temple.html|title=Srivilliputtur Andal Temple|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024095724/http://www.srivilliputtur.co.in/srivilliputtur_andal_temple.html|archive-date=24 October 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br />
{{term|Hanumantha Vahanam}}<br />
{{defn|On the morning of the sixth day morning, Venkateswara and [[Hanuman]] are taken out in procession.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Srivari Salakatla Brahmotsavam - Hanumantha Vahanam|date=10 October 2013|newspaper=Indian New Times 24X7|url=http://www.indiannewstimes.in/srivari-salakatla-brahmotsavam-hanumantha-vahanam/|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6OAjRtIhe?url=http://www.indiannewstimes.in/srivari-salakatla-brahmotsavam-hanumantha-vahanam/|archive-date=18 March 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>}}<br />
{{term|Chakra Snanam}}<br />
{{defn|On the morning of the ninth day, the [[Malayappa swami|Malayappa]], his two [[Queen consort|consort]]s and the [[Sudarshana Chakra]] are carried in procession to the [[Varahaswamy Temple, Tirumala|Varahaswamy Temple]].<ref name=day9m>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/grand-finale-to-tirumala-brahmotsavam/article2518756.ece| title=Grand finale to Tirumala Brahmotsavam | work=The Hindu | date=8 October 2011 | access-date=1 August 2017}}</ref> After the [[abhishekam]] and presentation of food offerings, the Sudarshana Chakra and its devotees are bathed in the temple tank.<ref name=day9m />}} <br />
{{glossary end}}<br />
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==<span id="Vahanams"></span>Processions==<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=170px><br />
File:Pedasesha Vahanam.jpg|alt=Idol surrounded by men|Pedda Sesha Vahanam<br />
File:Malayappa in Chinnasesha Vahanam.jpg|alt=Similar idol, also surrounded by men|Chinna Sesha Vahanam <br />
File:Malayappa in hamsa vahanam.jpg|alt=Idol holding a musical instrument|Hamsa vahanam<br />
File:Malayappa in mutyala pandiri vahanam.jpg|alt=Idol surrounded by his two consorts|Mutyala PandiriVahanam<br />
File:Malayappa in kalpavriksham vahanam.jpg|alt=The idol as a tree|Kalpa Vruksha Vahanam<br />
File:Malayappa in swarnarathotsavam.jpg|alt=Large, decorated structure|Swarna Rathotsavam<br />
</gallery><br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Venkateswara]]<br />
* [[Rath Yatra]]<br />
* [[Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Sources==<br />
* {{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-10-07/hyderabad/27302532_1_tirumala-temple-lord-venkateswara-goddess-padmavathi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014095333/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-10-07/hyderabad/27302532_1_tirumala-temple-lord-venkateswara-goddess-padmavathi|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 October 2012|title=Tirupati dresses up for Brahmotsavam|date=6 October 2002|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=18 December 2019}}<br />
* {{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-miscellaneous/tp-others/crafts-mela-to-coincide-with-brahmotsavam/article27977498.ece|title=Crafts mela to coincide with Brahmotsavam|date=17 September 2001|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=18 December 2019}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060217203559/http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/10/stories/2005101003630200.htm The Hindu reports on Brahmotsavam]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20020808060042/http://www.tirumala.org/utsavams.htm The temple's official page on the festival]<br />
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{{Tirupati topics}}<br />
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[[Category:Festivals in Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Hindu festivals]]<br />
[[Category:Religious festivals in India]]<br />
[[Category:September events]]<br />
[[Category:October events]]<br />
[[Category:Tirumala festivals]]<br />
[[Category:Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams]]<br />
[[Category:Tirumala Venkateswara Temple]]<br />
[[Category:Tirupati]]</div>imported>Satishgyudhistr