->Justlettersandnumbers: Changing short description from "Breed of horse" to "Indian breed of horse" (Shortdesc helper)

2021-07-26T15:16:45Z

Changing short description from "Breed of horse" to "Indian breed of horse" (Shortdesc helper)

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{{Short description|Indian breed of horse}}
{{use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{use list-defined references|date=June 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2015}}
{{Infobox horse breed
| name = Spiti Horse
| image =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image2 =
| image_size2 =
| image_alt2 =
| image_caption2 =
| altname = {{ubl|Chamurthi|Chamurti{{r|cabi|page=450}}}}
| country = India
| distribution = [[Himachal Pradesh]]
| status = {{ubl|{{nobreak|[[FAO]] (2007): not at risk{{r|barb|page=61}}}}|[[DAD-IS]] (2021): at risk{{r|dad}}}}
| use =
| colour =
| height =
| male_height = 125 cm{{r|dad}}
| female_height = 100 cm{{r|dad}}
| weight =
| male_weight = 185 kg{{r|dad}}
| female_weight = 160 kg{{r|dad}}
| note =
| group1 =
| std1 =
}}

[[File:Carrier Horse of Gaddi community in Kasauli , Himachal Pardes, India.JPG|thumb|Pack-horse of the [[Gaddi people]] in [[Kasauli]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]]]
[[File:Horses near Langza, Spiti Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India.jpg|thumb|Horses near [[Langza]] in the Spiti Valley]]
The '''Spiti Horse''' is a [[list of horse breeds|breed]] of small mountain [[horse]] or [[pony]] from [[Himachal Pradesh]] in northern India.{{r|ihsi}} It takes its name from the [[Spiti River]], and is found mainly in the [[Kullu district|Kullu]],{{r|ncre}} [[Lahaul and Spiti district|Lahaul and Spiti]] and [[Kinnaur]] districts of the state.{{r|pundir}}

== History ==

The origins of the Spiti Horse are unknown.{{r|bodh}} It takes its name from the [[Spiti River]], and is found mainly in the [[Kullu district|Kullu]],{{r|ncre}} [[Lahaul and Spiti district|Lahaul and Spiti]] and [[Kinnaur]] districts of the state.{{r|pundir}}

A breed population of 4000 was reported in 2004;{{r|dad}} numbers appeared to be in rapid decline, and the breed to be in urgent need of conservation.{{r|pundir|page=76}} In 2007 its [[conservation status]] was recorded by the [[FAO]] as "not at risk";{{r|barb|page=61}} in 2021 its status was reported to [[DAD-IS]] as "at risk".{{r|dad}}

== Characteristics ==

The Spiti Horse has some similarity to [[Mongolian horse|Mongolian]] and [[Tibetan pony|Tibetan]] breeds;{{r|edwards|page=201}} [[genetic diversity]] analysis shows it to be close to the [[Zaniskari|Zanskari]], which occupies a similar range in the [[Himalaya]]. Some interchange between the two breeds is documented;{{r|gupta2|page=5}} the Spiti breed, however, is less well adapted to very high altitudes.{{r|ihsi}}

It is a small, sturdy mountain horse, well adapted to the harsh environment of the Himalaya. It is fast and sure-footed on mountain terrain, moves safely on ice, and has good stamina and resistance to cold and to disease.{{r|pundir|page=76}} It is used both as a [[pack animal]] and for [[Horse riding|riding]].{{r|pundir|page=76}} The usual [[Horse coat colour|coat colours]] are [[bay (horse)|bay]], [[Black (horse)|black]], [[piebald]] and [[Grey (horse)|grey]].{{r|pundir|page=77}}

==References==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1250e/a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{ISBN|9789251057629}}. Accessed June 2015.</ref>

<ref name=bodh>Vinod Kumar Bodh (2006). [http://www.hpagrisnet.gov.in/hpagris/AnimalHusbandry/Default.aspx?SiteID=3&PageID=1072 Evolution of the Chhumurthi/Spiti Horse]. Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Himachal Pradesh. Accessed July 2021.</ref>

<ref name=cabi>Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). [https://books.google.it/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ ''Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding''] (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{ISBN|9781780647944}}.</ref>

<ref name=dad>[https://fao-dadis-breed-detail.firebaseapp.com/?country=IND&specie=Horse&breed=Spiti%20Pony Breed data sheet: Spiti Pony / India (Horse)]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed July 2021.</ref>

<ref name=edwards>Elwyn Hartley Edwards (1994). ''The Encyclopedia of the Horse''. London; New York; Stuttgart; Moscow: Dorling Kindersley. {{ISBN|0751301159}}.</ref>

<ref name=gupta2>A.K. Gupta, Mamta Chauhan, Anuradha Bhardwaj, Neelam Gupta, S.C. Gupta, Yash Pal, S.N. Tandon, R.K. Vijh (2014). [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871141314000821 Comparative genetic diversity analysis among six Indian breeds and English Thoroughbred horses]. ''Livestock Science'' '''163''' (May 2014): 1–11. {{subscription required}}</ref>

<ref name=ihsi>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200501170844/http://horseindian.com/indianhorse.htm About Indian Horses]. Indigenous Horse Society of India. Archived 11 May 2020.</ref>

<ref name=ncre>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151122202713/http://nrce.nic.in/breeds.php Equines in India: Horses]. Indian Council of Agricultural Research: National Research Centre on Equines. Archived 22 November 2015.</ref>

<ref name=pundir>R.K. Pundir (2004). [http://agtr.ilri.cgiar.org/AGTRWEB/Documents/Library/docs/agri34_04.pdf#page=78 Characterisation of Spiti Horses of India]. ''Animal Genetic Resources Information'' '''34''': 75–82.</ref>

}}

{{Horse breeds of India}}

[[Category:Horse breeds originating in India]]

Spiti Horse - Revision history

->Justlettersandnumbers: Changing short description from "Breed of horse" to "Indian breed of horse" (Shortdesc helper)