imported>BilCat: Undid revision 1033620040 by Kixean777 (talk)

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Undid revision 1033620040 by Kixean777 (talk)

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{{Short description|kiev class aircraft carrier}}{{other ships|Russian ship Admiral Gorshkov}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=Carrier Baku.jpg
|Ship image size= 220px
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=.
|Ship country=Russia
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Soviet Union|naval}} {{shipboxflag|Russia|naval}}
|Ship name=''Admiral Flota Sovetskogo Soyuza Gorshkov'' ({{lang-ru|italic=yes|Адмирал Флота Советского Союза Горшков}})
|Ship namesake=[[Sergey Gorshkov]]
|Ship owner=
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|Ship regist
|Ship route=
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|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Chernomorskiy Yard]], [[Mykolayiv|Nikolayev]]
|Ship original cost=
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|Ship laid down=17 February 1978 <ref name="Admiral Gorshkov" />
|Ship launched=1 April 1982 <ref name="Admiral Gorshkov" />
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=11 December 1987 <ref name="Admiral Gorshkov" />
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=1996
|Ship maiden voyage=
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|Ship fate=Sold to [[Indian Navy|India]] on 20 January 2004
|Ship status=
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}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass-|Kiev|aircraft carrier|0}} [[aircraft cruiser]]
|Ship type=
|Ship tonnage=
|Ship displacement=*33,440 tons (standard) <ref name="Admiral Gorshkov" />
*44,490 tons (loaded) <ref name="Admiral Gorshkov">{{cite web | url = http://russian-ships.info/eng/warships/project_11434.htm | title = Project 11434 | access-date = 2013-01-29 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130404005655/http://russian-ships.info/eng/warships/project_11434.htm | archive-date = 2013-04-04 }}</ref>
|Ship tons burthen=
|Ship length={{convert|273|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="Admiral Gorshkov" />
|Ship beam=*{{convert|51.9|m|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|o/a]]
*{{convert|31|m|abbr=on}} [[Length at the waterline|w/l]]<ref name="Admiral Gorshkov" />
|Ship height=
|Ship draught={{convert|9.42|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="Admiral Gorshkov" />
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|Ship ice class=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=4 shaft geared steam turbines, 200,000 shp
|Ship sail plan=
|Ship speed={{convert|32|kn|abbr=on}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance={{convert|13500|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|18|kn|abbr=on}}
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|Ship armament=6 × twin [[SS-N-12|SS-N-12 Sandbox]] SSM launchers (12 missiles), 24 × 8-cell [[9K330 Tor|SA-N-9]] vertical SAM launchers (192 missiles), 2 × 100 mm guns, 8 × [[AK-630]] 30 mm [[Close-in weapon system|CIWS]], 10 × 533 mm torpedo tubes, 2 × [[RBU-6000]] anti-submarine rocket launchers
|Ship armour=
|Ship aircraft=*12 [[Yakovlev Yak-38|Yak-38M]] [[fighter aircraft]]
*20 [[Kamov Ka-25]] or [[Kamov Ka-27]] [[helicopter]]s
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''''Admiral Flota Sovetskogo Soyuza Gorshkov''''' ({{lang-ru|Адмира́л фло́та Сове́тского Сою́за Горшков}} "Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Gorshkov"
was an [[aircraft carrier]] (heavy [[aircraft cruiser]] in Russian classification)<ref>Due to restrictions imposed by the [[Montreux Convention]] limiting the tonnage of aircraft carriers traveling through the [[Bosporus]], all Soviet and Russian aircraft carriers are named as aircraft carrying cruisers. In the case of ''Admiral Gorshkov'', this accurately reflects the ship's mission and weapons fit.</ref> of the [[Soviet Navy]] and the [[Russian Navy]] from 1987 to 1996. The ship's original name was '''''Baku''''' when she was commissioned in 1987. Sometimes{{when|date=January 2020}} ''Admiral Gorshkov'' is considered a separate class due to her improvements including a phased array radar, extensive electronic warfare installations, and an enlarged command and control suite. She was launched in 1982, and was in service from 1987 to 1991 in the [[Soviet Navy]] as ''Baku'', and from 1991 to 1996 in the Russian Navy as ''Admiral Gorshkov''. In 2004, she was sold to India and converted into a [[STOBAR]] carrier now named [[INS Vikramaditya|INS ''Vikramaditya'']].

==History==

The ship was laid down in 1978 at [[Black Sea Shipyard|Nikolayev South (Shipyard No.444)]] in Ukraine, launched in 1982, and commissioned in December 1987. The delay in commissioning was largely caused by software bugs in the new command and control system. The ship was renamed ''Admiral Gorshkov'' after the collapse of the [[Soviet Union]] in 1991, as the city of [[Baku]] was now in independent [[Azerbaijan]]. [[Sergey Gorshkov]] was responsible for the expansion of the Soviet Navy during the Cold War.

In 1994, following a boiler room explosion, the ship was docked for a year of repairs. Although she returned to service in 1995, she was finally withdrawn in 1996 and offered for sale.

[[File:INS Vikramaditya during trials.jpg|thumb|left|''Baku''{{'}}s deck after it was converted into a [[STOBAR]] carrier by the [[Indian Navy]] as [[INS Vikramaditya|''Vikramaditya'']].]]
On 20 January 2004, [[Russia]] agreed to sell ''Admiral Gorshkov'' to [[India]] after an extensive upgrade at Sevmash Enterprise.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/ins-vikramaditya-may-hit-delay-cost-increases-03283/ |title=INS Vikramaditya: Waiting for Gorshkov |publisher=Defense Industry Daily |date=2012-12-24 |access-date=2013-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=09.07.2009 |url=http://english.pravda.ru/russia/economics/09-07-2009/108031-admiral_gorshkov-0 |title=Russia's Admiral Gorshkov aircraft carrier to become expensive Mercedes for Indian navy |publisher=Pravda English |date= 9 July 2009|access-date=2013-02-02}}</ref> In December 2009, it was reported that India had agreed to pay a price of US$2.3 billion.<ref>{{cite web|author=PTI |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-Russia-end-stalemate-over-Gorshkov-price-deal/articleshow/5314150.cms |title=India, Russia end stalemate over Gorshkov price deal |publisher=Times of India |date=2009-12-08 |access-date=2013-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/usd-2.2billion/551431/ |title=India, Russia end stalemate over Gorshkov's price deal |publisher=Indian Express |date=2009-12-08 |access-date=2013-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Gorshkov-price-settled-at-2-3-billion/H1-Article1-487615.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-12-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606130624/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Gorshkov-price-settled-at-2-3-billion/H1-Article1-487615.aspx |archive-date=2011-06-06 }}</ref> The carrier, now christened [[INS Vikramaditya|INS ''Vikramaditya'']], was commissioned into the Indian Navy on 16 November 2013.<ref name="ndtv">{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/ins-vikramaditya-india-s-biggest-warship-finally-arrives-467126|website=ndtv.com|title=INS Vikramaditya, India's biggest warship, finally arrives|access-date=2017-12-17}}</ref>

==Design==
[[File:Baku island.JPEG|thumb|left|View of ''Baku'''s island superstructure, showing the Mars-Passat (NATO: Sky Watch)<ref>http://www.harpoonhq.com/waypoint/articles/Article_044.pdf</ref> [[phased array]] radar scanners]]
The fourth of the Project 1143 aircraft carrying cruisers, ''Baku'' had many differences from the rest of the class, trialing technologies to be used on the [[Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov|''Admiral Kuznetsov'']]. The most obvious is the massive [[passive electronically scanned array]] above the bridge. This was the [[phased array]] antenna for the Mars-Passat ("Sky Watch") [[3D radar|3D]] air search radar, comparable to the US [[SCANFAR]] radar. Like SCANFAR, Sky Watch proved troublesome and was probably never operational.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.harpoonhq.com/waypoint/articles/Article_044.pdf |title=Shipboard Phased Array Radars: Requirements, technology and operational systems |last1=Dranidis |first1=Dimitris |date=February 2003 |website= warfaresims.com|publisher=Waypoint |access-date=2016-03-17 }}</ref>

The biggest change to the weapon systems was the replacement of the [[M-11 Shtorm|SA-N-3]] 'Goblet' and [[9K33 Osa|SA-N-4]] 'Gecko' SAM launchers with four [[Tor Missile System|SA-N-9]] 'Gauntlet' VLS launchers. This allowed room for another two [[P-500 Bazalt|SS-N-12]] 'Sandbox' launchers. The two AA guns of the ''Kiev''s were replaced with 100 mm guns, and the SUW-N-1 launcher was removed.

The air wing was the same as the other ''Kiev''s, consisting of a squadron of twelve [[Yakovlev Yak-38|Yak-38 'Forger']] [[V/STOL]] aircraft (until they were retired in 1992), twelve [[Kamov Ka-27|Ka-27 'Helix-A']] ASW/SAR [[helicopter]]s and two Ka-31 'Helix' [[Airborne Early Warning|AEW]] helicopters. Flight operations were assisted by the distinctive new Cake Stand [[Tactical Air Navigation|TACAN]].

''Baku'' was used for trials of the [[Yakovlev Yak-141|Yak-141 Freestyle]] supersonic VTOL fighter.

[[File:Aircraft carrier "Baku" in 1988.jpeg|thumb|[[Yakovlev Yak-38|Yakovlev Yak-38 ''Forger'']] aircraft and [[Kamov Ka-27|Kamov Ka-27 ''Helix'']] helicopters aboard ''Baku'' in 1988.]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100609115746/http://navyforce.ru/publ/1-1-0-296 Проект ТАКР 1143.4 - БАКУ - АДМИРАЛ ГОРШКОВ Архивн.- Подробное описание проекта.]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/1143.htm ''Project 1143 Krechyet, Kiev class''; Global Security]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110707232048/http://bharat-rakshak.com/NEWS/newsrf.php?newsid=9656 ''Delay in Naval Projects''; Press Information Bureau, India]
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/russia/aircraft_carriers/baku/baku_page_1.htm ''Admiral Gorshkov''; Maritimequest.com]

{{Kiev class aircraft carrier}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Admiral Gorshkov}}
[[Category:Kiev-class aircraft carriers]]
[[Category:Ships built at the Black Sea Shipyard]]
[[Category:1982 ships]]
[[Category:Cold War aircraft carriers of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Ships of the Russian Northern Fleet]]
[[Category:Ships built in the Soviet Union]]

Soviet aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov - Revision history

imported>BilCat: Undid revision 1033620040 by Kixean777 (talk)