imported>Faruk.179: /* Town */

2021-08-12T16:30:23Z

Town

New page

{{About|the district|its headquarters|Hatsingimari}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=October 2017}}
{{Original research|date=May 2021}}
}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = South Salmara Mankachar district
| native_name = দক্ষিণ শালমাৰা মানকাচৰ জিলা
| native_name_lang = দক্ষিণ শালমাৰা মানকাচৰ জিলা
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| coordinates = {{coord|25.68|N|89.98|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{IND}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Assam|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lower Assam Division|Lower Assam]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| seat_type = [[Headquarters]]
| seat = [[Hatsingimari]]
| registration_plate = AS-34
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Deputy Commissioner
| leader_name = Shri Hivare Nisarg Gautam, IAS
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 568
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 555114
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-AS]]
| website = {{URL|https://southsalmaramankachar.assam.gov.in/}}
| official_name =
| image_skyline =
| image_map = India Assam South Salmara Mankachar district map.svg
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Dhubri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dhubri]] (shared with [[Dhubri district]]<br>[[Goalpara district]])
| leader_party3 =
| leader_title3 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name3 =[[Mankachar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|21 Mankachar LAC]]
<br>[[Salmara South (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|22 Salmara South LAC]]
}}

'''South Salmara Mankachar''' is an administrative district in the state of [[Assam]] in India. The district headquarters are located at [[Hatsingimari]] village which is situated at about 245 km from [[Guwahati]]. It was earlier a sub-division of the [[Dhubri District]].

==History==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
South Salmara Mankachar was created by bifurcating Old [[Dhubri district]] in 2016. On 15 August 2015 Assam's Chief Minister [[Tarun Gogoi]] announced 5 new administrative district in Assam; South Salmara Mankachar was one among those. On 9 February 2016 Commissioner, Lower Assam and Central Assam Division Md. Mahtab Uddin Ahmed, IAS inaugurated South Salmara Mankachar as an administrative district at a function in [[Hatsingimari]] with the presence of thousands of people. There are few historical sites in the district. However, the famous ones are the tomb of [[Mir Jumla II|Mir Jumla]] and Kamakhya Temple at Mankachar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kamakhya Temple |url=http://southwestgarohills.gov.in/kamakhyatemple.html}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
South Salmara Mankachar district occupies an area of {{convert|568|km2|sqmi}}. It occupies 980/km 2 (2,500/sq mi) of density and is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India. The district headquarters are located at
Hatsingimari town which is situated at about 245 km from Guwahati, the state capital. Earlier it was a sub-division of Dhubri District. It shares its borders with Bangladesh in the west and Meghalaya in the south-east.The general topography of South Salmara Mankachar district is plain with patches of small hillocks like Bansali, Rangatari, etc. All these are situated in the southwestern part of the district. Mighty river Brahmaputra is flowing through this district from east to west with its tributaries. Other rivers are Jinjiram, Kalonadi (also known as Ganol) etc. The average annual rainfall of the district is {{cvt|2,916|mm}}.

==Economy==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
South Salmara Mankachar District is primarily dependent on agricultural and forest products. The main source of income is paddy (both winter and autumn) with surplus production. Jute and mustard seed occupy the major share of cash crops. Wheat, maize, pulses and sugarcane are also grown moderately. From forest, mainly timber and bamboo add to the income, though boulders and sand are also available. Fish, milk, meat, and eggs have small contributions to the economy. Currently, three tea gardens, whose contribution to the district economy is almost negligible, cover an area of 1362.33 hectares. Land revenue collection is minimal, whereas tax from check gates and excise duty occupy much of the government [[exchequer]]. Devoid of major industrial production, the district uses more funds for administration, development, and welfare works than it provides.

Its rich natural wealth is yet to be explored and some believe that proper utilisation of natural resources could provide a boost for the struggling economy.

==Divisions==
The district's only sub-division is [[Hatsingimari]] (also called Sadar") and there are two [[revenue circle]]s: [[Mankachar]] and South Salmara.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}} [[Mankachar]] is a [[census town]] and the district has three police stations.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}

There are two [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] constituencies in this district; 21 [[Mankachar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mankachar]] and 22 [[Salmara South (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|South Salmara]].<ref name="ceo1">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Revenue & Election District wise break - up|url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website|access-date=26 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074811/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf|archive-date=22 March 2012}}</ref> Both are part of the [[Dhubri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name="ceo2">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Parliamentary Constituencies wise break - up|url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website|access-date=26 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074903/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf|archive-date=22 March 2012}}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the 2011 census, the district has a population of 555,114. Scheduled Castes make up 7,767 which is 1.40% of the population and Scheduled Tribes make up 4,032 which is 0.73% of the population.<ref name=districtcensus>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/AssamA.html District Census 2011]</ref>
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in South Salmara Mankachar<ref name=districtcensus/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|95.19}}
{{Bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|4.49}}
{{Bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.32}}
}}
About 95.19% of the population are Muslims, 4.49% are Hindu and rest 0.3% are Christians and Sikhs.<ref name="districtcensus" />

===Languages===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages spoken in South Salmara district (2011)<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - South Salmara |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=16 August 2020}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]]
|value1 = 59.17
|color1 = gold
|label2 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
|value2 = 39.67
|color2 = salmon
|label3 = Others
|value3 = 1.16
|color3 = grey
}}
According to the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], in the district 328,242 speak [[Assamese language|Assamese]] and 220,761 speak [[Bengali language|Bengali]]. Minority languages are spoken by 1.16% of the population.<ref name="censuslang"/>

==Education==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
There are several renowned schools and colleges in the district. Some of them are:

*[[Hatsingimari Junior College, Hatsingimari]]
*[[Hatsingimari College,Hatsingimari]]
*[[Kukurmara Higher Secondary School]], [[Charbari]]
*[[Mankachar College]]
*[[South Salmara College]]

There are many private coaching and tuition classes. Students from [[Meghalaya]] and other parts of the district comes here for their schooling.

==Culture==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
The culture of the people in this district is a mixed culture. About 95% of the population are Muslims 4% Hindus and 1% Christians. Most of the people speak Goalpariya(Deshee) dialect. This dialect is nowadays regarded as a sub-language of Assamaese Language. But it is a different language having its own vocabulary and grammar. And some people speak the dialect of Mymensingh,Pabna, Barishal of Bangladesh. The people who speak the Deshi (Goalpariya dialect) are called Ujanee or Deshee people and those who speak the dialects of Mymensingh, Pabna and Barishal of Bangladesh are called Bhatiya . Nowadays the term Bhatiya has been substituted by "Miya ". Though religiously the Dehsis ( Ujanee) and Bhatiyas belong to the same group, there are a lot of differences between these two groups. Deshis are the indigenous people who were converted time to time from the local indigenous groups like Koch, Rajbongshi, Mech, Jogi, Rabha, Napit, Fisherman, Kalitas etc. The Deshis claim that they are the offsprings of Ali Mech. Ghoti and Tribal people, who are very few in number have also contributed to the culture of the district. The men of the district wear pants, [[paijama]]s and [[kurta]]s as their traditional garments, while the women wear [[saree]]s.

==Transport==
===Airway===
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
Nearest airport at [[Rupsi Airport|Rupshi]] which is about {{cvt|72.8|km}} away from the headquarter [[Hatsingimari]] . It was constructed during [[World War II]] by the British Govt. mainly for military purpose. Till 1983, the Indian Airlines and some private commercial flights operated regularly between [[Calcutta]], [[Guwahati]] and [[Dhubri]]. Now it is totally closed. However, recently the ministry of DONER, GOI, has taken some initiative to renovate and functionalise the airport.

===Waterway===
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
The town had a very busy river port on the bank of the [[Brahmaputra River|Brahmaputra]], which was used as an international trade centre with the neighbouring countries, especially in the [[British Empire|British]] era. At present, the port is lying idle. However, small ferries transport people to and from [[Dhubri]] every day.

===Railway===
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
There is no Railway station in the district.

===Road===
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
There is no [[National Highway (India)|National Highway]] in the district. Transportation takes place through state maintained pwd roads, which are full of potholes. Hatsingimari is in the centre place in the District while one part of Hatsingimari town is attached with Assam-Meghalaya border. There is no PWD road between South Salmara and Mankachar. only overland communication from South Salmara to Mankachar is Fulbari–Singimari road through Meghalaya.

==Town==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
Mankachar is the only town in the District other than the district capital.

==Village==
* [[Charbari]]
* [[Fekamari]]
* [[Hatsingimari]]
* [[Kokradanga]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Assam}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:South Salmara-Mankachar District}}
[[Category:Districts of Assam]]
[[Category:South Salmara-Mankachar district|*]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:2016 establishments in Assam]]

South Salmara district - Revision history

imported>Faruk.179: /* Town */