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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Sitapur}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sitapur district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|District of Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Sitapur.svg
| map_caption = Location of Sitapur district in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Sitapur
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lucknow division|Lucknow]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Sitapur]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 1.[[Sitapur]]
2.[[Biswan]]
3.[[Misrikh]]
4.[[Maholi]]
5.[[Laharpur]]
6.[[Mahmudabad, India|Mahmudabad]]
7.[[Sidhauli]]
| area_total_km2 = 5743
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 4,483,992
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 =
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Sitapur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sitapur]], [[Misrikh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Misrikh]], [[Dhaurahra (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dhaurahra]], [[Mohanlalganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mohanlalganj]]
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = https://sitapur.nic.in/
}}

'''Sitapur district''' is one of the [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|districts]] which is situated in [[Uttar Pradesh]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of India, with [[Sitapur]] town as the district headquarters. Sitapur district is a part of [[Lucknow division]].

== History ==
Sitapur was first constituted as a district by the British after their takeover of [[Oudh State]] in February 1856.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H.R. |title=Sitapur: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XI Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh |date=1905 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=98, 123–30, 140, 172, 184–5, 203 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.113180 |access-date=19 March 2021}}</ref> Before that, under the [[Mughal Empire]] and then the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], the area had been divided between multiple administrative units.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Even earlier, under the [[Delhi Sultanate]], it appears that the territory of the current district was part of the province of [[Bahraich]], but this is unclear because contemporary sources do not mention this area.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

During the reign of [[Akbar]], the area of today's Sitapur district was divided between four [[Sarkar (country subdivision)|sarkar]]s, all in the [[Subah]] of [[Awadh]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Most of it was in the sarkar of [[Khairabad, Sitapur|Khairabad]]: this area comprised the mahals of Haveli Khairabad, Hargam, [[Laharpur]], [[Biswan]], [[Machhrehta]], [[Sitapur]] (called "Chhitiapur" in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]]), Sadrpur, Nimkhar (a large territory including the later [[pargana]]s of [[Aurangabad]], [[Misrikh]], and [[Maholi]]), and Kharkila (later Korauna).<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The later pargana of [[Gundlamau]] is "untraceable" but was probably divided between Nimkhar and Machhrehta.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In addition, the pargana of Chandra was then part of [[Gopamau]] in today's [[Hardoi district]], which was also in Khairabad sarkar.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> A few mahals belonged to [[Lucknow]] sarkar: [[Bari]], [[Manwan, Sitapur|Manwan]], [[Bahrimau]] (later [[Pirnagar]]; name changed under [[Jahangir]]), [[Bangaon, Sitapur|Bangaon]], and [[Ramkot, Sitapur|Ramkot]] (included in Lucknow for some reason, although surrounded on all sides by Khairabad).<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Additionally, the mahal of [[Fatehpur, Barabanki|Fatehpur]], in today's [[Barabanki district]], included part of [[Mahmudabad, India|Mahmudabad]] pargana, which now forms part of Sitapur.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The mahal of [[Qila Nawagarh]], comprising the later parganas of [[Tambaur]] and [[Kondri North]], was part of Bahraich sarkar; finally, [[Kondri South]] was part of [[Sailuk]] mahal in the sarkar of Awadh.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

A few parganas would be established later: for example, Mahmudabad was split off from Fatehpur, during the reign of Jahangir, and Kondri was formed out of Sailuk in 1739, during the reign of [[Saadat Khan I]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Aurangabad pargana, originally part of Nimkhar, was split off by the taluqdars Muhammad Bakhsh and Qutb Muhammad several generations after the town's foundation in 1670.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

The basic administrative setup, though, remained intact until the reign of [[Asaf-ud-Daula]] in the late 1700s.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Under the later Mughal emperors and then the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], Khairabad remained a relatively unimportant command, rarely mentioned in contemporary sources.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> It was not a very prestigious posting — when [[Safdar Jang]] appointed his subject Hidayat Ali Khan as [[faujdar]] of Khairabad, Hidayat Ali Khan was less than enthusiastic.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Later, Asaf-ud-Daula divided his country into various [[chakla]]s and [[nizamat]]s; the 3 chaklas that included areas of Sitapur district were [[Muhamdi]], Khairabad, and Bari-Biswan.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

After the British annexed Awadh in 1856, they selected Sitapur to serve as the headquarters of a new district in Khairabad division.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The area between the [[Chauka (river)|Chauka]] and [[Ghaghra]] rivers briefly formed a separate district based at [[Mallanpur]], which was part of [[Bahraich Division]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> It was decided before the [[1857 uprising]] to abolish Mallanpur district, but it was not carried out until 1858 after the end of the conflict, and the parts south of the [[Dahawar]] were annexed to Sitapur.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

From then on, and still in effect as of the early 1900s, Sitapur consisted of four tehsils and 21 parganas: Misrikh tehsil in the west (with parganas Maholi, Chandra, Misrikh, Aurangabad, Korauna, Machhrehta, and Gundlamau), Sitapur tehsil in the north and center (with parganas Sitapur, Ramkot, Pirnagar, Khairabad, Hargam, and Laharpur), Sidhauli tehsil in the south and southeast (with parganas Bari, Manwan, Mahmudabad, Sadrpur, and Kondri South), and Biswan tehsil in the east (with parganas Biswan, Tambaur, and Kondri North).<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

== Geography ==
Sitapur is located at 27.57°N 80.68°E. It test has an average elevation of 138 meters (452 feet). It is located in the Gangetic Plain, with elevations ranging from 150 m above sea level in the north-west to 100 m in the south-east. It is intersected by numerous streams and ravines and contains many shallow ponds and natural reservoirs, which overflow during the rainy seasons, but become dry, in some places, in the hot season. Except in the eastern portion, which lies in the doabs between the Kewani and the Chauka, and the [[Ghaghara|Ghaghra]] and the Chauka rivers, the soil is semi arid. Even this moist tract is interspersed with patches of land covered with saline efflorescence called [[Soil salinity|reh]].

=== Drainage ===
The monotony of featureless plain of upper [[Ganga]] valley is preserved throughout the district. At places this monotony is broken by Small River like [[Kathana]], [[Sarayan river|Sarayan]] and [[Gomti River|Gomati]]. Sandy stretches are found along the rivers and locally known as ‘bhurs’. the region in general is a part of well integrated system of the river Ganga. Gomti is the most important tributary flows in the eastern part of the district and engulfs above mentioned small rivers. Ghaghara forms the eastern boundary of the district. There are five rivers flowing through the district of Sitapur: [[Gomti River|Gomti]], [[Kathana]], Pirai, [[Sarayan river|Sarayan]], [[Ghaghara|Ghaghra]] and [[Sharda River|Sharda]].

<gallery>
Gomati River.JPG|Gomati River near Terwa Ghat
Ghaghra river in Sitapur.jpg|Ghaghra river at Chahlari Ghat
River Kathna.JPG|River Kathna in Maholi
Gomati.jpg|Gomati River at Naimisharanya
Gomati at Gopamau.jpg|Gomati at Gopamau
Kathna river at Pisawan.jpg|Kathna near Pisawan
Ull river near Rampur Mathura town.jpg|Ull river near Rampur Mathura
</gallery>

=== Climate ===
The gradual rise in temperature starts in the months of February and becomes more rapid by March and April unless checked by more humid easterlies. The local hot and gusty winds, locally known as ‘''loo''’; result in hot and scorching weather. The condition is aggravated further by presence of meager relative humidity (40%). The district of the study does not show much influence of Himalaya which otherwise tend to lower the temperatures in the places nearby as in the case of [[Meerut]] and Gonda.

The pre-monsoon showers are meager and this along with low humidity accentuates the impact of''loo'' which at times changes into heat waves with exceptionally high temperature. The rainy season commences in the latter half of the June at different dates which are too difficult to be predicted. It brings relief to the people by lowering the temperatures up to 300c. The rainfall decreases southward and westward in the region. There is a dominance of Bay of Bengal currents. This season comes to an end by October with a sudden fall in temperature and amount of rainfall. Soon after the winter conditions settle in at times cold waves and westerly disturb the general monotony of the winters. The showers due to western depressions are very useful for the ''rabi ''crop in the region. The average rainfall in the study area varies between 105 cm to 150 cm.

== Political and administrative divisions ==
The district is divided into seven [[tehsils]] namely [[Sitapur]], [[Biswan]], [[Maholi]], Mishrikh, [[Laharpur]], [[Mahmudabad, India|Mahmudabad]] and [[Sidhauli]] and 19 blocks namely Pisawan, [[Maholi]], [[Misrikh]], [[Machhrehta]], [[Gondlamau]], [[Ailiya, Uttar Pradesh|Ailiya]], [[Hargaon]], [[Parsendi]], [[Khairabad, Sitapur|Khairabad]], [[Laharpur]], [[Behta, Sitapur|Behta]], [[Reusa]], [[Sakran, Uttar Pradesh|Sakran]], [[Biswan]], [[Pahala, Uttar Pradesh|Pahala]], [[Mahmudabad, India|Mahmudabad]], [[Rampur Mathura, Sitapur|Rampur Mathura]], [[Kasmanda]] and [[Sidhauli]]. There are 2348 census villages and 1329 [[Gram panchayat|Gram Panchayats]] in the district. Sitapur has nine seats in [[Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha]]. These nine constituencies are:
* [[Biswan (Assembly constituency)|Biswan]],
* [[Hargaon (Assembly constituency)|Hargaon]],
* [[Laharpur (Assembly constituency)|Laharpur]],
* [[Mahmoodabad (Assembly constituency)|Mahmoodabad]],
* [[Maholi]],
* [[Misrikh (Assembly constituency)|Misrikh]],
* [[Sevata (Assembly constituency)|Sevata]],
* [[Sidhauli]] and
* [[Sitapur (Assembly constituency)|Sitapur]],

The district is divided into four [[Lok Sabha]] seats:
* [[Sitapur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sitapur]] Lok Sabha constituency includes Sitapur, Laharpur, Biswan, Sewta and Mahmoodabad Vidhan Sabha seats,
* [[Dhaurahra (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dhaurahra]] Lok Sabha constituency includes Maholi and Hargaon Vidhan Sabha seat from Sitapur district,
* [[Mohanlalganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mohanlalganj]] Lok Sabha constituency includes Sidhauli Vidhan Sabha seat from Sitapur district,
* [[Misrikh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Misrikh]] Lok Sabha constituency includes Misrikh seat from Sitapur district.

== Demographics ==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=11,80,506|13=1911|14=11,44,011|15=1921|16=10,94,581|17=1931|18=11,72,580|19=1941|20=12,99,494|21=1951|22=13,86,918|23=1961|24=16,08,057|25=1971|26=18,84,400|27=1981|28=23,37,284|29=1991|30=28,57,009|31=2001|32=36,19,661|33=2011|34=44,83,992|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}As of 2011 India census, Sitapur district has population of 4,483,992 of which male and female are 2,375,264 and 2,108,728 respectively. District Sitapur ranks 8th in terms of population in Uttar Pradesh. The density of Sitapur district for 2011 is 781 people per km2. In 2001, it was about 630 people per km2. Sitapur town/city has a population of 1,77,351. Males constitute 52.67% of the population and females 47.41%. Sitapur has an average literacy rate of 61%, lower than the national average of 74.04%. Female literacy is about 50%. In Sitapur, 16.6% of the population was under 6 years of age. Sitapur has a sex ratio of 888 females per 1000 males.There are 801,764 households in the district accounting for 2.4 percent of the total households in the state. The average size of households in the district is 5.6 persons.

=== Urbanization ===
Out of the total Sitapur population, the percentage share of urban population in the district is 11.8% as against 22.3 percent of the population in urban areas of the state. The district has 12 towns out of them 11 are statutory and one town is a census town.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/|website = www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date = 2016-02-09}}</ref>

According to housing census, 2011, total 723 families live on footpath or without any roof cover in the district. The total Population of all who lived without roof at the time of Census 2011 is 3,460. This is approximately 0.08% of the total population of Sitapur district.

In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Sitapur one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name="brgf">{{cite web|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|date=8 September 2009|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref> It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name="brgf" />

=== Religion ===
{{Bar box|bars = {{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|Orange|79.29}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|Green|19.93}}
{{bar percent|Others|Black|0.78}}|float = right|left1 = Religion|right1 = Percent|title = Religion in Sitapur district|title bar = #Fcd116}}
Hindus constitute about 79% of total population of the district and Muslims are about 20% of the total population.
In Sitapur, Hindus and Muslims work together in the carpet industry.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-rvogRuj1_0C&q=Sitapur+muslim&pg=PA86 | title=India Booms: The Breathtaking Development and Influence of Modern India| isbn=9780753520741| last1=Farndon| first1=John| date=27 May 2009}}</ref>
The district has a concentration of [[fakir]]s.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BbvDBgAAQBAJ&q=Sitapur+muslim&pg=PA428 |title = Equality and Sustainable Human Development - Issues and Policy Implications|isbn = 9781312126633|last1 = k Sivachithappa|first1 = Dr}}</ref>

===Languages===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
| caption=Sitapur district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>
|label1 = Awadhi |value1 = 0.83 |color1 = Tomato
|label2 = Hindi |value2 = 93.12 |color2 = Yellow
|label3 = Urdu |value3 = 5.62 |color3 = Red
|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.43 |color4 = Black
}}

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 94.09% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] (or a related language) and 5.62% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>

Languages spoken here include [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]], a vernacular in the [[Hindi language (generic)|Hindi]] [[dialect continuum|continuum]] spoken by over 98 million people, mainly in the [[Awadh]] region.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Awadhi: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=awa | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref> Sanskrit, Urdu, Punjabi and English are also understood among a minuscule minority. Apart from Hindi, English is now part of curricula in most government and private schools.

{|class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! colspan=4| Sitapur district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=15 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! Mother tongue code
! Mother tongue
! People
! Percentage
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 002007 || [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 2,987
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.07%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 006030 || [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 37,297
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.83%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 006102 || [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 5,884
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.13%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 006240 || [[Hindi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 4,175,470
| style="text-align:right;" | 93.12%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 016038 || [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 7,380
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.16%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 017002 || [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 722
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 022015 || [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 252,025
| style="text-align:right;" | 5.62%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 040001 || English
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,484
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.03%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| style="text-align:center;" | –
|| [[Languages of India|Others]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 743
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|-valign=top class="sortbottom"
| colspan=2 | Total
| style="text-align:right;" | 4,483,992
| style="text-align:right;" | 100.00%
|-
|}

== Agriculture ==
[[Agriculture]] is the primary activity in the district, with [[wheat]], [[rice]], and [[Urad (bean)|urad]] being the staple crops with [[sugarcane]], [[Mustard plant|mustard]] and [[Peanut|groundnuts]] as [[cash crop]]s. The crop area of [[peppermint]] is also rapidly increasing especially in eastern part of the district. Narrow tracts of sandy soils in the valley of rivers produce [[potato]], groundnuts and ginger. [[Banana]] plantations are becoming popular among farmers recently.

== Industry ==
As far as industries are concerned, most of them are based on raw agricultural products. Plywood, sugar, paper, rice, flour mills are scattered all over the district. There are several sugar mills, mostly owned by private firms. The only cooperative sugar mill in the town of Maholi closed down a few years ago due to loss.

=== Sugar Mills ===
There are several sugar mills in the district.

==== Hargaon Sugar Mill ====
Located in the heart of [[Hargaon]] town, it is also known as the [[Oudh]] Sugar Mills Limited (OSML). It belongs to the renowned [[Krishna Kumar Birla|K.K. Birla]] Group of Sugar Companies. It has a crushing capacity of about 10,000 tonnes of sugarcane per day. It also produces 100 kiloliter per day industrial alcohol/ethanol in its distillery and 15 MW electricity using its co-gen power plant.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.birla-sugar.com/About-Oudh-Sugar-Mills-Ltd|title = Birla Sugar|access-date = 9 January 2015|website = The Oudh Sugar Mills Ltd.}}</ref>

==== Ramgarh Sugar Mill ====
Also known as Dalmia Chini Mill, it was the first sugar plant of [[Dalmia Group]] established in the year 1994 in the village Ramgarh which is approximately 40 kilometers from the district headquarter in Sitapur town. This plant has a cane crushing capacity of 7500 tonnes of sugarcane per day and an installed generation capacity of 25 MW. The mill started its first cane crushing on 28 December 1994 to manufacture plantation white sugar, using the double sulphitation process. It also has co-generation facility. The export of electricity started in October 2007. Co-generation takes place only during crushing season simultaneously with production of white sugar.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.dalmiasugar.com/?act=cms-page&cat_id=16&id=58|title = Ramgarh|website = Dalmia Bharat Sugar}}</ref>

==== Jawaharpur Sugar Mill ====
Apart from the unit at Ramgarh village, Dalmia Group in 2007 set up another unit in a village near [[Ramkot, Uttar Pradesh|Ramkot]] town which is only 14 kilometers away from Sitapur on the Sitapur-[[Hardoi district|Hardoi]] Road. The Jawaharpur sugar factory unit has a cane crushing capacity of 100000 tonnes of sugarcane per day and co-gen capacity of 27 MW. It also has a distillery capacity of 80 kiloliter per day.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.dalmiasugar.com/?act=cms-page&cat_id=16&id=60|title = Jawaharpur|website = Dalmia Bharat Sugar}}</ref>

==== Biswan Sugar Factory ====
The Seksaria Sugar Factory, a private limited company composed of members of the Seksaria family, located in Biswan town. It was established in 1939.

==== Mahmudabad Sugar Mill ====
The Kisan Sahkari Chini Mills Limited, Mahmudabad was established under U.P. Cooperative Societies Act, 1965 and its first crushing season was 1982–83. The factory is situated at Mahmoodabad Tehsil of Sitapur District and its present crushing capacity is {{convert|2750|tonne}} of sugarcane per day.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://ifciltd.com/DesktopModules/Notifications/UploadFile/634363150364531250Mahumadabad.pdf|title = Expression of Interest cum Request for Qualification Invitation|date = 2009|access-date = 9 January 2015|website = The Industrial Finance Corporation of India}}</ref>

==== Kamlapur Sugar Mill ====
The Kamlapur mill in has a capacity of crushing 4,000 tonne of sugar cane a day and also a 6 MW power generating plant.

=== Other industries ===

==== Kraft Paper Plant ====
J. B. Daruka Papers Limited have set up a Kraft Paper Plant near a village called Advenia Grant. It consists of an agro-based paper plant (Capacity 50 TPD).<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://cpcb.nic.in/UP2010.pdf|title = Directions from Central Pollution Control Board|date = 2010|access-date = 9 January 2015|website = Central Pollution Control Board}}</ref>

== Transportation ==
[[File:National Highway 24.jpg|alt=राष्ट्रीय राजमार्ग २४|thumb|213x213px|National Highway 24|left]]

=== Rail Network ===
The district is traversed by broad gauge train network connecting [[Gorakhpur]] and [[Delhi]] via Gonda, Burhwal, bypassing Lucknow and Hardoi. The major towns of the district Sidhauli, Mishrikh, Maholi, Hargaon, Biswan, Mahmudabad etc.are well connected with rails. Tamabur-Ahmedabad is not connected with rails. Broad Gauge conversion from [[Lucknow division|Lucknow]] to [https://indiarailinfo.com/departures/sitapur-stp/267 Sitapur] and [https://indiarailinfo.com/departures/263 Mailani] has been completed and [[Lucknow division|Lucknow]] to [https://indiarailinfo.com/departures/sitapur-stp/267 Sitapur] commenced on 09-Jan-2019.

=== Road Network ===
[[File:An example of rural roads.jpg|thumb|219x219px|An example of rural roads that connect villages with major district roads (MDRs).]]
Towns and villages within the district are now well linked through major district roads (MDR) and metaled rural roads. Most of the roads are in good condition. The [[National Highway 24 (India)|National Highway No. 24]] (Lucknow - Delhi) passes from the heart of Sitapur district. This highway is open to public.

=== Nearest Airport ===
Sitapur does not have any airport of its own. [[Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport]], Lucknow is the nearest airport. It takes almost an hour and a half to reach Sitapur by car.

== Health care ==

=== Sitapur District Hospital ===
The hospital was started as civil dispensary immediately after the events of 1857. In 1869, this dispensary was expanded by adding an inpatient building to it. It has expanded itself and today it is the biggest hospital in the district. It is the only hospital which has received a citation by the Chief Minister of U.P. In 2011.

=== District Hospital (Female) or Duffrin Hospital ===
Founded in 1890, this hospital is located just opposite to the District Hospital for male patients. Prior to 1947, it was funded by Dufferin Fund.

=== Eye Hospital, Sitapur ===
Eye Hospital is also located in the Civil Lines of Sitapur city. Its roots go back 1926 when a doctor, Dr. M. P. Mehre, opened a dispensary in the town of Khairabad. By 1939, the dispensary had become famous in United Province for the treatment of eye diseases. Later on, in 1943, Sitapur Eye Hospital Trust was established, The Central Government gave 11 acres of land free of cost. By the end of 1945, the hospital had shifted to Sitapur from Khairabad.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Sitapur Eye Hospital|url = http://www.sitapureyehospital.org/history.html|website = www.sitapureyehospital.org|access-date = 2016-02-07}}</ref>

=== Rural Healthcare System ===
There are 19 Community Health Centers, 61 Primary Health Centers and 468 Health Sub Centers in the District. Additionally, there are many Government [[Homeopathic]] Hospitals and Government [[Ayurvedic]]/Unani Hospitals located in rural areas of the district.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}

== Historical places ==
According to Hindu mythology, Puranas were written by Rishi Ved Vyas at Vyas Gaddi in modern-day Naimisharanya. Sitapur is one of the five sacred places the Hindus have to visit in their Panch Dham Yatra journey. Misrikh, near Naimisharanya, holds its religious significance due to the belief that Maharshi Dadhichi donated his bones to Devatas for making Vajras.
* '''Mishrikh''' is a religious place {{cvt|10|km}} from Namisharanya. Maharishi Dadhichi Asharam and Sitakund are holy pilgrimage of this place.
* '''Namisharanya''' is a centre of religious and knowledge. There are 30,000 religious places here.{{Citation needed|date = June 2008}} Some important holy places at Namisharanya are as follows:
**'''Suraj Kund Temple''' is near to '''Nawab Nagar''', Akabarpur very famous temple of '''SHIV JI, Bajrang Bali'''
** '''Pachhakhare BABA''' is near to '''Nyamupur Kalan''' very famous temple of [[Shiva|Shiv]], [[Hanuman]], and [[Durga]]. '''Om Sai Dham''', '''Gayatri Mandir''' is also very famous at '''Nyamupur.'''
** '''Chakratirth''' is the holiest in the [[Naimisharanya]]. It is said that Lord Vishnu's chakra fell on this pious land and created a round "Kund" which is named [[Naimisaranya|Chakra Tirth]].
** '''Goshai Baba''': (Khairullapur)
** '''Lalita Devi Temple''' is one of the Shaktipeeths.
** '''Panch Prayag''': This pond is situated near the Lalita Devi temple.
** '''Hanuman Gharhi''': This is near Lalita Devi temple.
** '''Manu Shatroopa Temple''': This is situated near Vyas Gaddi.
** '''Dev Puri''': This is situated near Railway Station.
** '''Tirupati Mandir''': This is situated near Dev Puri.
** '''Aanand Bhawan''': It has 18 Upnishad and Purans kept.
** '''Shyamnathan Mandir''': This Shiv Temple was built 300–400 years ago{{Citation needed|date = June 2008}} in old Sitapur City (Munshiganj). The temple has the Nagar style of temple architecture.
** '''Vyas Gaddi''' is located near sitapur in Mishrikh tehseel where [[Rishi]] [[Vyasa|Vyas]] divided [[Vedas]] into four parts.
** '''Jangli Nath Baba''' is located near Police Line crossing. It is a temple of [[Shiva]].
* '''[[Khairabad, Sitapur|Khairabad]]:''' A small town famous for its Sufi heritage. Dargah bade Maqdoom saheb is one of them. Imaambara Makka jamadaar, ghuyya Tali, Imam bara Aaga Ali, Niazia school, Pakka bagh, Dargah chote Maqdoom and Dargah Hafiz Mohd. Ali shah.
* '''Karam court:''' The place where the famous badminton player [[Karam Gopichand]] practiced badminton in the early years of his career. Now people is visiting this place to start their 'Vidyarambha' in Badminton. People collect the soil where Karam's footprints were once made. He is now practising in the [[Tampines]] stadium in [[Singapore]]. Sitapur is more famous by its alias 'Karamgrad' among Russians.
* Shivshakti Mandir in Jogapur, Thangaon
* '''[[Sidhauli]] '''has Famous Ancient Lord Shiva temple.
And many more temples in the villages in the district where annual fairs are organised.

== Famous Personalities ==

* [[Narendra Deva|Acharya Narendra Dev]]
* [[Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi]]
* [[Jan Nisar Akhtar]], Urdu poet
* [[Salman Akhtar]], psychoanalyst
* [[Muztar Khairabadi]], Urdu poet
* [[Manoj Kumar Pandey]], Param Veer Chakra
* [[Todar Mal|Raja Todar Mal]], finance minister and one of the [[Navaratna|Navratn]] in Emperor Akbar's court
* [[Wajahat Mirza]], screenwriter and film director, won Filmfare awards for Mughal-e-Azam and Ganga Jamuna
*
*[https://www.instagram.com/not_so_famous_lekhak/ Abhijeet Pratap Singh], Poet
*[[Mahesh Prasad Mehray]], Padma Vibhushan, founder of [[Sitapur Eye Hospital]]
*[[Narottam Das]], poet
*
*

==Filmography==
1. Umrao Jaan (2006 film)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/umrao-jaan-in-the-making-news-bollywood-kkfvsEbhhdbsi.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190906120111/https://www.sify.com/movies/umrao-jaan-in-the-making-news-bollywood-kkfvsEbhhdbsi.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 September 2019|title=Umrao Jaan in the making|website=Sify|language=en|access-date=6 September 2019}}</ref>
2. Dedh Ishqiya
3. Kagaz (Shooting Near Biswan)

==Photography==
[[File:Siddheshwer Temple Sidhauli.jpeg|thumb|Ancient Siddheshwer Temple]]

[[File:Mahmoodabad Quila.jpg|thumb|Mahmoodabad Quila]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://sitapur.nic.in/ Sitapur district website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Sitapur district
|North = [[Kheri district]]
|Northeast =
|East = [[Bahraich district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Lucknow district]]
|Southwest = [[Bara Banki district]]
|West = [[Hardoi district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Sitapur district}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Lucknow division topics}}
{{Uttar Pradesh}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|27|30|N|80|55|E|region:IN_type:adm2nd_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Sitapur district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Lucknow division]]

Sitapur district - Revision history

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imported>Powerfultample at 15:40, 17 July 2021