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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Sitamarhi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sitamarhi district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Bihar|District of Bihar]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Janaki kund, Sitamarhi, Bihar.jpg
| image_caption = Janaki Kund, Sitamarhi
| image_map = Bihar district location map Sitamarhi.svg
| map_caption = Location of Sitamarhi district in Bihar
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Dumra, Sitamarhi
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Bihar|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tirhut division|Tirhut]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Dumra]], [[Sitamarhi]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 2294
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 3,423,574
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 5.71 per cent
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 53.53 per cent
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 899 females \ 1000 males
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Sitamarhi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sitamarhi]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Riga (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Riga]], [[Bathnaha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bathnaha]], [[Parihar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Parihar]], [[Sursand (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sursand]], [[Bajpatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bajpatti]], [[Sitamarhi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sitamarhi]], [[Runnisaidpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Runnisaidpur]], [[Belsand (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Belsand]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 104 (India)|NH 104]]
| blank_name_sec2 = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2 = 1200 mm
| website = https://sitamarhi.nic.in/
}}
'''Sitamarhi''' is one of the [[Districts of Bihar|districts]] of the [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Bihar]], India. [[Dumra]] is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district is a part of the [[Tirhut Division]] and is located along the border of Nepal.

==History==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,82,557|13=1911|14=8,07,936|15=1921|16=7,82,221|17=1931|18=8,35,055|19=1941|20=9,21,265|21=1951|22=9,99,655|23=1961|24=11,58,546|25=1971|26=13,23,793|27=1981|28=16,27,716|29=1991|30=20,13,796|31=2001|32=26,82,720|33=2011|34=34,23,574|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}This place is considered as birthplace of [[Sita]], the main character of the epic ''[[Ramayana]]'' and a temple dedicated to Sita lies near [[Sitamarhi]] town.<ref name=temple>{{cite book |last1=Chakrabarti |first1=Dilip K |title=Archaeological Geography of the Ganga Plain: The Lower and the Middle Ganga |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OEZe-wAIiKIC&q=sitamarhi+history&pg=PA207 |access-date=20 March 2013 |year= 2001|publisher=Orient Blacksawn |location=New Delhi |isbn=9788178240169 |page= 207 }}</ref> A Rock cut sanctuary of [[Mauryan]] period is found near Sitamarhi.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sen |first1=S N |title=Ancient Indian History And Civilization |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&q=sitamarhi+history&pg=PA166|access-date=20 March 2013 |year=1999 |publisher=New Age International |isbn=9788122411980 |page=166 }}</ref>

In 1875, a Sitamarhi subdistrict was created within the [[Muzaffarpur district]].<ref>[http://dc-sitamarhi.bih.nic.in/ Official Website of the District and Civil Court of Sitmahri] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525105109/http://dc-sitamarhi.bih.nic.in/ |date=2010-05-25 }}, Retrieved 26 May 2010</ref> Sitmarhi was detached from Muzaffarpur and became a separate district as of 11 December 1972.<ref name="actionplan">[http://mohfw.nic.in/nrhm/DHAP/DHAP_Bihar/sitamarhi.pdf District Health Action Plan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125092834/http://mohfw.nic.in/NRHM/DHAP/DHAP_Bihar/sitamarhi.pdf |date=2011-11-25 }}, National Rural Health Mission, Government of Bihar, Retrieved 25 May 2010</ref> It is situated in the northern part of Bihar. The district headquarters is located in [[Dumra, Sitamarhi|Dumra]], five kilometers south of Sitamarhi.{{Clarify|reason=the lead says Sitamarhi is the HQ|date=May 2012}}

Sitamarhi district became a full-pledged district when it was split from [[Muzaffarpur district]] in 1972.<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 2011-10-11 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 2011-09-25 | work = Statoids | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111017155710/http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | archive-date = 2011-10-17 }}</ref> 1994 saw the split of [[Sheohar district]] from Sitamarhi.<ref name='Statoids'/>

The district is currently a part of the [[Red Corridor]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |title=83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme |publisher=IntelliBriefs |date=2009-12-11 |access-date=2011-09-17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027115807/http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |archive-date=2011-10-27 }}</ref>
There is a village in Sitamarhi District named Harpurwa. There is the tomb of Daataa Shah in Harpurwa which is famous in Sitamarhi district.

Today's Sitamarhi is a pilgrim centre catering to presentation of tradition and mythology. Its legendary association with the classic story of Ramayana gives it a place in the itinerary of a pious Hindu. Though the district of Sitamarhi is known as a religious destination, along with its shrines and temples, it also holds other attractions, such as the Kanti thermal power station, and the city of Sitamarhi offers natural vistas and fashionable buildings.

Colleges and Universities: S.R.K.G. College, Raghunath Jha College

==Geography==
Sitamarhi district occupies an area of {{convert|2294|km2|sqmi}},<ref name='Reference Annual'>{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1118–1119 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Australia]]'s [[Groote Eylandt]].<ref name='Islands'>{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 1998-02-18 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Groote Eylandt 2,285km2 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://archive.is/20151201081219/http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | archive-date = 2015-12-01 }}</ref>

It is situated in flood plain area. As in August 2019, Sitamarhi district was flooded heavily.

==Sub-divisions==
Sitamarhi district comprises 3 Sub-divisions:
*Sitamarhi Sadar,
*Belsand,
*Pupri

==Block==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| 1. [[Dumra, Sitamarhi]]
|-
|2. [[Runni Saidpur]]
|-
|3. [[Parihar]]
|-
|4. [[Bathnaha, Sitamari|Bathnaha]]
|-
|5. [[Sonbarsha, Sitamarhi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sonbarsa]]
|-
|6. [[Bajpatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bajpatti]]
|-
|7. [[Sursand]]
|-
|8. [[Riga, Sitamari|Riga]]
|-
|9. Nanpur
|-
|10. [[Pupri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Pupri]]
|-
|11. [[Bairgania]]
|-
|12. [[Bokhara]]
|-
|13. Suppi
|-
|14. [[Belsand]]
|-
|15. [[Majorganj]]
|-
|16. [Parsauni]
|-
|17. Choraut

==Economy==
It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref>

==Education==

The following is a list of Schools in Sitamarhi, Bihar, India
* Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Sitamarhi (JNV Sitamarhi) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawahar_Navodaya_Vidyalaya,_Sitamarhi
* D.A.V. Public school, runnisaidpur
* S.R Dav public school, pupri
* Saraswati vidya mandir, Pupri
* Sitamarhi Central school, simra
*[https://www.kvjawaharnagar.in/ Kendriya Vidyalaya Jawahar Nagar, Sutihara]
*[[Janki Vidya Niketan]]
* [[Sacred Heart School, Sitamarhi|Sacred Heart School]]
* Thakur Yugal Kishore Singh College, Pratap Nagar
* Saraswati Vidya Mandir, Ring bandh
* N.S.D.A.V. Public School
* Hellen's School Sitamarhi
* Delhi Public School, Lagma
* Brilliant Public School, Sitamarhi
* R.O.S. Public School, Khairwa, Riga Road, Sitamarhi
* Mathura High School
* Sri Gandhi High School, Parihar
* Lakshmi High School
* Kamala–Girls High School
* Idaa Dawatul Haque, Madhopur Sultanpur, Runni Saidpur
* Jamia Islamia Quasmia Darululoom Balasath

==Tourism==
* [[Sita Kund]]
* [[Haleshwar Sthan]]
* [[Panthpakar|Panth Pakar]]

==Transport==
[[National Highway 77 (India)|National Highway 77]] connects the area to the [[Muzaffarpur district]] and [[Patna]] to the South.
Sitamarhi has road connections to adjoining districts, of which the major examples are National Highway 77 and National Highway 104. It is situated on the Darbhanga Narkatiaganj railway line and has the largest railway station of the district. Another broad gauge track, running between [[Muzaffarpur]] and Sitamarhi. Direct train services are available to places such as New Delhi, Kolkata, Varanasi, Hyderabad and Kanpur. State highways link it to the [[Madhubani district|Madhubani]] (to the east) and [[Sheohar]] (to the west) districts. Railway lines connect [[Sitamarhi]] to [[Darbhanga]] in east, and to [[Muzaffarpur]] in the south and to [[Raxaul]] in the west. Sitamarhi has a railway junction. [[Sitamarhi Junction railway station|Sitamarhi railway station]] is on the Raxaul-Darbhanga rail route.

The nearest airport to Sitamarhi is the [[Darbhanga Airport]] which is about 70 km from Sitamarhi.

The [[Sitamarhi-Bhitthamore Road]] is important for religious reasons as it connects Janakpur, which houses a 200-year-old [[Janaki Mandir|Janki Temple]] with Sitamarhi—considered to be the birth place of [[Sita|Goddess Sita]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ltd|first=rome2rio Pty|title=Patna to Janakpur - 3 ways to travel via train, and car|url=https://www.rome2rio.com/s/Patna/Janakpur|access-date=2021-01-07|website=Rome2rio|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Distance between Sitamarhi and Janakpur is 45 KM / 28.4 miles|url=http://distancebetween2.com/sitamarhi/janakpur|access-date=2021-01-07|website=distancebetween2.com}}</ref>

[[National Highway 227]] passes through [[Shrikhandi Bhittha|Bhitthamore]]. Thus it is a gateway to [[Janakpur]], [[Sitamarhi|Nepal]] and other parts of Sitamarhi & [[Madhubani district|madhubani]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ltd|first=rome2rio Pty|title=Patna to Janakpur - 3 ways to travel via train, and car|url=https://www.rome2rio.com/s/Patna/Janakpur|access-date=2021-01-07|website=Rome2rio|language=en}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Sitamarhi District
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|#FF6600|78.06}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|21.62}}
{{bar percent|Not Stated|black|0.22}}
{{bar percent|Christian|blue|0.08}}
{{bar percent|Sikh|olive|0.01}}
{{bar percent|Buddhist|yellow|0.01}}
{{bar percent|Jain|brown|0.01}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Sitamarhi district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,423,574,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110611224943/http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | archive-date = 2011-06-11 }}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Panama]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Panama 3,460,462 July 2011 est. | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-date = 27 September 2011 }}</ref> or the US state of [[Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=2011-09-30|quote=Connecticut 3,574,097|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|archive-date=2013-10-19}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 96th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 1491 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 27.47%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Sitamarhi has a [[sex ratio]] of 899 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 53.53%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 82.73% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]], 13.96% [[Urdu]] and 3.25% [[Maithili language|Maithili]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

==Notable people==
*[[Thakur Jugal Kishore Sinha]] - Former MP & Freedom Fighter, Father of Co-operative Movement
*[[Ram Dulari Sinha]] - Former Union Minister & Governor & Freedom Fighter, First woman from Bihar to become Governor
*[[Nawal Kishore Rai]] - Ex Member of Parliament
*[[Sitaram Yadav]] - Ex Member of Parliament
*[[Ram Kumar Sharma]] - Indian politician and a former member of parliament from [[Sitamarhi (Lok Sabha constituency)]], [[Bihar]].
*[[Sunil Kumar Pintu]] - Member of parliament from [[Sitamarhi (Lok Sabha constituency)]], [[Bihar]].
*Phuldev Thakur - Freedom fighter.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://sitamarhi.nic.in/}}
** [http://sitamarhi.bih.nic.in/Documents/maps/mapofsitamarhi.htm Political Map of Sitamarhi District] (showing subdistricts)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110430232111/http://www.allaboutbihar.com/districts/sitamarhi/index.php Sitamarhi Information Portal]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Sitamarhi district
|North = {{NEP|Nepal}}
|Northeast =
|East = [[Madhubani district]]
|Southeast = [[Darbhanga district]]
|South = [[Muzaffarpur district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Sheohar district]] <br> [[Purba Champaran district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Coord|26|36|00|N|85|29|00|E|display=title}}

{{Districts of Bihar}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}
{{Tirhut Division}}

{{Tirhut Division topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Sitamarhi district| ]]
[[Category:Tirhut division]]
[[Category:Districts of Bihar]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:1972 establishments in Bihar]]

Sitamarhi district - Revision history

imported>Vatsmaxed: /* top */replace, replaced: Indian road network → Roads in India