Sirhind-Fategarh - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-04-07T23:42:15Z

robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:12, 8 April 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~{{Copy edit\|date=August 2021}}~~
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2018}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2018}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2018}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2018}}
Line 56:		Line 55:
	==Demographics==		==Demographics==

	~~According to~~ the [[2011 census of India\|2011 census]] Sirhind-Fatehgarh had a population of 60852. Males ~~constitute~~ 54% of the population and females 46%. Sirhind-Fatehgarh ~~has~~ an average literacy rate of 90%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 80%. ~~In Sirhind-Fatehgarh,~~ 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.		In the [[2011 census of India\|2011 census]] Sirhind-Fatehgarh had a population of 60852. Males constituted 54% of the population and females 46%. Sirhind-Fatehgarh had an average literacy rate of 90%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy was 80%. 12% of the population was under 6 years of age.

	==Etymology==		==Etymology==
	According to popular notion~~, the present name of the city~~, Sirhind, comes from 'Sar-i hind', meaning the Frontier of Hind, as [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] saw it as the 'gateway to [[Hindustan]]'.<ref name=tribune>[http://www.apnaorg.com/articles/sirhind/ Memories of a town known as Sirhind] The Sunday Tribune, 15 April 2007.</ref><ref name=imp>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_026.gif Sirhind Town''(Sahrind)''] [[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]], ''v. 23, p. 20''.</ref>		According to popular notion, Sirhind, comes from 'Sar-i hind', meaning the Frontier of Hind, as [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] saw it as the 'gateway to [[Hindustan]]'.<ref name=tribune>[http://www.apnaorg.com/articles/sirhind/ Memories of a town known as Sirhind] The Sunday Tribune, 15 April 2007.</ref><ref name=imp>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_026.gif Sirhind Town''(Sahrind)''] [[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]], ''v. 23, p. 20''.</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	{{Main\|History of Sirhind}}		{{Main\|History of Sirhind}}
	~~[[Varahamihira]] (505 – 587) in~~ his Sanskrit treatise, [[Brihat Samhita]], mentions the city as 'Satudar Desh'~~, later~~ it was inhabited by a tribe of 'Sairindhas Aryans, leading to its present name.<ref name=official>[http://www.fatehgarhsahib.nic.in/Dist_glance_new.htm District at a glance] Sirhind at fatehgarhsahib.nic.in</ref>		In his Sanskrit treatise, [[Brihat Samhita]], [[Varahamihira]] (505 – 587) mentions the city as 'Satudar Desh'. Later it was inhabited by a tribe of 'Sairindhas Aryans, leading to its present name.<ref name=official>[http://www.fatehgarhsahib.nic.in/Dist_glance_new.htm District at a glance] Sirhind at fatehgarhsahib.nic.in</ref> According to [[Xuanzang\|Huan Tsang]], the Chinese traveller who visited India during the seventh century, Sirhind was the capital of the district of Shitotulo, or Shatadru (the present day River [[Sutlej]]).<ref>[http://www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2/people_n2/persons4_n2/huan.html Huan-Tsang<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
	According to [[Xuanzang\|Huan Tsang]], the Chinese traveller who visited India during the seventh century, Sirhind was the capital of the district of Shitotulo, or Shatadru (the present day River [[Sutlej]]).<ref>[http://www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2/people_n2/persons4_n2/huan.html Huan-Tsang<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

	[[File:RDBFort1.jpg\|thumb\|210px\|Entrance to the Ramgarh Fort near Sirhind]]		[[File:RDBFort1.jpg\|thumb\|210px\|Entrance to the Ramgarh Fort near Sirhind]]
	In 12th century, Sirhind came under the rule of the [[Hindu]] Chauhan Rajputs of [[Delhi]].<ref name=wiki>{{cite web \|url=http://punjabgovt.nic.in/tourism/FatehgarhSahib.htm \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=2008-07-28 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604032401/http://punjabgovt.nic.in/TOURISM/FatehgarhSahib.htm \|archive-date=4 June 2008 \|df=dmy-all }} - Punjab Government Website</ref> During the rule of [[Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] (1168–1192), the [[Hindu]] [[Rajput]] ruler of [[Delhi]], it became his military outpost.		In the 12th century, Sirhind came under the rule of the [[Hindu]] Chauhan Rajputs of [[Delhi]].<ref name=wiki>{{cite web \|url=http://punjabgovt.nic.in/tourism/FatehgarhSahib.htm \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=2008-07-28 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604032401/http://punjabgovt.nic.in/TOURISM/FatehgarhSahib.htm \|archive-date=4 June 2008 \|df=dmy-all }} - Punjab Government Website</ref> During the rule of [[Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] (1168–1192), the [[Hindu]] [[Rajput]] ruler of [[Delhi]], it became his military outpost.

	It ~~further rose in glory~~ during the [[Mughal Empire]]~~, when it became its provincial capital~~, controlling the [[Lahore]]-[[Delhi]] Highway~~, the [[Grand Trunk Road]]~~. During the Mughal era, Sirhind was the name for [[Malwa (Punjab)\|Malwa]], ~~since it was~~ the area's capital city. Sirhind was the headquarters of the Mughal administration in Eastern Punjab. Many European ~~travellers~~ describe its splendours, and it ~~also~~ developed into a center ~~of cultural activity~~.<ref>{{cite book		It became a provincial capital during the [[Mughal Empire]], controlling the [[Lahore]]-[[Delhi]] Highway. During the Mughal era, Sirhind was the name for [[Malwa (Punjab)\|Malwa]], the area's capital city. Sirhind was the headquarters of the Mughal administration in Eastern Punjab. Many European travelers describe its splendours, and it developed into a cultural center.<ref>{{cite book
	\|title = Sirhind : The Greatest Mughal City on Delhi-Lahore Highway		\|title = Sirhind : The Greatest Mughal City on Delhi-Lahore Highway
	\|author = Subhash Parihar		\|author = Subhash Parihar
Line 76:		Line 74:

	[[File:Aam khas bagh.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Ruins of ''Daulat Khana-E-Khas'' at [[Aam Khas Bagh]]', built by most probably, Sultan hafiz Rakhna, during the reign of emperor [[Akbar]]]]		[[File:Aam khas bagh.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Ruins of ''Daulat Khana-E-Khas'' at [[Aam Khas Bagh]]', built by most probably, Sultan hafiz Rakhna, during the reign of emperor [[Akbar]]]]
	Sirhind was known for ~~the~~ dozens of saints, scholars, poets, historians, [[Calligraphy\|calligraphers]] and scribes who lived there. This city is ~~mostly~~ famous to Muslims for Great saint Imām-e-Rabbānī Shaykh [[Ahmad Sirhindi\|Ahmad al-Farūqī al-Sirhindī]] (R.) (1564–1624). He was an Indian Islamic scholar of Arab origin, a Hanafi jurist, and a prominent member of the Naqshbandī Sufi order. ~~A large number of~~ buildings survive from this period, including ~~the fort named '[~~https://web.archive.org/web/20121201234037/http://www.sirhindinfo.com/aam-khas-bagh-3/ ~~Aam Khas Bagh]';~~ it is said that in its heyday, the city had 360 mosques, gardens, tombs, [[caravansarai]]s and wells.		Sirhind was known for dozens of saints, scholars, poets, historians, [[Calligraphy\|calligraphers]] and scribes who lived there. This city is famous to Muslims for Great saint Imām-e-Rabbānī Shaykh [[Ahmad Sirhindi\|Ahmad al-Farūqī al-Sirhindī]] (R.) (1564–1624). He was an Indian Islamic scholar of Arab origin, a Hanafi jurist, and a prominent member of the [[Naqshbandi\|Naqshbandī]] Sufi order. Many buildings survive from this period, including Aam Khas Bagh;<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2012-12-01\|title=Aam Khas bagh {{!}} SIRHIND INFO\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201234037/http://www.sirhindinfo.com/aam-khas-bagh-3/\|access-date=2021-11-12\|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> it is said that in its heyday, the city had 360 mosques, gardens, tombs, [[caravansarai]]s and wells.

	==Education ~~Institutions in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib~~==		==Education ==

	===University===		===University===
Line 123:		Line 121:
	===Other===		===Other===
	* Lakshya Computer Education, Sirhind Mandi		* Lakshya Computer Education, Sirhind Mandi
	* Preet lace & button phuwara chowk near mandir baba mangal nath sirhind mandi
	* Preet studio railway road sirhind spl.visa photo, wedding photography

	==Historical and religious places in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib==		==Historical and religious places in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib==
Line 162:		Line 158:
	==See also==		==See also==
	*[[Reona Bhola]]		*[[Reona Bhola]]
			*[[Bhatt Majra, Fatehgarh Sahib\|Bhatt Majra]]
	*[[Kotla Suleman]]		*[[Kotla Suleman]]

imported>Miniapolis: Added {{Copy edit}} tag

2021-08-06T23:19:38Z

Added {{Copy edit}} tag

New page

{{Copy edit|date=August 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sirhind-Fatehgarh
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Punjab
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India
| coordinates = {{coord|30|37|N|76|23|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Fatehgarh Sahib district|Fatehgarh Sahib]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 60852
| population_as_of = 2013
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes = [http://punjabgovt.nic.in/tourism/FatehgarhSahib.htm]
}}
'''Sirhind-Fategarh''' is a city and a [[municipal council]] in the [[Fatehgarh Sahib district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]].
[[File:Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara, Punjab, India.jpg|thumb|245px|Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib]]

==Demographics==

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Sirhind-Fatehgarh had a population of 60852. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Sirhind-Fatehgarh has an average literacy rate of 90%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 80%. In Sirhind-Fatehgarh, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

==Etymology==
According to popular notion, the present name of the city, Sirhind, comes from 'Sar-i hind', meaning the Frontier of Hind, as [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] saw it as the 'gateway to [[Hindustan]]'.<ref name=tribune>[http://www.apnaorg.com/articles/sirhind/ Memories of a town known as Sirhind] The Sunday Tribune, 15 April 2007.</ref><ref name=imp>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_026.gif Sirhind Town''(Sahrind)''] [[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]], ''v. 23, p. 20''.</ref>

==History==
{{Main|History of Sirhind}}
[[Varahamihira]] (505 – 587) in his Sanskrit treatise, [[Brihat Samhita]], mentions the city as 'Satudar Desh', later it was inhabited by a tribe of 'Sairindhas Aryans, leading to its present name.<ref name=official>[http://www.fatehgarhsahib.nic.in/Dist_glance_new.htm District at a glance] Sirhind at fatehgarhsahib.nic.in</ref>
According to [[Xuanzang|Huan Tsang]], the Chinese traveller who visited India during the seventh century, Sirhind was the capital of the district of Shitotulo, or Shatadru (the present day River [[Sutlej]]).<ref>[http://www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2/people_n2/persons4_n2/huan.html Huan-Tsang]</ref>

[[File:RDBFort1.jpg|thumb|210px|Entrance to the Ramgarh Fort near Sirhind]]
In 12th century, Sirhind came under the rule of the [[Hindu]] Chauhan Rajputs of [[Delhi]].<ref name=wiki>{{cite web |url=http://punjabgovt.nic.in/tourism/FatehgarhSahib.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2008-07-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604032401/http://punjabgovt.nic.in/TOURISM/FatehgarhSahib.htm |archive-date=4 June 2008 |df=dmy-all }} - Punjab Government Website</ref> During the rule of [[Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] (1168–1192), the [[Hindu]] [[Rajput]] ruler of [[Delhi]], it became his military outpost.

It further rose in glory during the [[Mughal Empire]], when it became its provincial capital, controlling the [[Lahore]]-[[Delhi]] Highway, the [[Grand Trunk Road]]. During the Mughal era, Sirhind was the name for [[Malwa (Punjab)|Malwa]], since it was the area's capital city. Sirhind was the headquarters of the Mughal administration in Eastern Punjab. Many European travellers describe its splendours, and it also developed into a center of cultural activity.<ref>{{cite book
|title = Sirhind : The Greatest Mughal City on Delhi-Lahore Highway
|author = Subhash Parihar
|isbn = 81-7305-311-1
}}</ref>

[[File:Aam khas bagh.jpg|thumb|right|Ruins of ''Daulat Khana-E-Khas'' at [[Aam Khas Bagh]]', built by most probably, Sultan hafiz Rakhna, during the reign of emperor [[Akbar]]]]
Sirhind was known for the dozens of saints, scholars, poets, historians, [[Calligraphy|calligraphers]] and scribes who lived there. This city is mostly famous to Muslims for Great saint Imām-e-Rabbānī Shaykh [[Ahmad Sirhindi|Ahmad al-Farūqī al-Sirhindī]] (R.) (1564–1624). He was an Indian Islamic scholar of Arab origin, a Hanafi jurist, and a prominent member of the Naqshbandī Sufi order. A large number of buildings survive from this period, including the fort named '[https://web.archive.org/web/20121201234037/http://www.sirhindinfo.com/aam-khas-bagh-3/ Aam Khas Bagh]'; it is said that in its heyday, the city had 360 mosques, gardens, tombs, [[caravansarai]]s and wells.

==Education Institutions in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib==

===University===
* [[Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University]]

===Engineering College===
* [[Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Engineering College]]

===General degree colleges===
* Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib.
* Saffron College for Girls, Kotla Bajwara

===Law College===
* Lincoln College of Law, Sirhind

===Polytechnic College===
* [[Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Polytechnic College]]

===Teacher Training College===
*Lincoln College of Education, Sirhind

===CISCE affiliated school===
*Baalak Yesu Convent School

===Punjab School Education Board affiliated schools===
* Ashoka Sen. Sec. School, Sirhind
* Baba Dyalpuri Sen.sec.school, Sirhind
* BZSFS.SEN.SEC PUBLIC SCHOOL, Fatehgarh Sahib
* Dyanand High School, Sirhind
* Government girls senior secondary school, Sirhind Mandi
* Mata Sundri Public School, Fatehgarh Sahib
* M G Ashoka Girls College, Sirhind
* Rana Munshi Ram Sarvhitkari school, Sirhind
* Sirhind Public School, Sirhind

===Central Board Of Secondary education (CBSE) affiliated schools===
* St.Mary's School, Mahadian, Fatehgarh Sahib
* Divine Light International school
* Jesus Saviour's School
* Saffron City School
* Garden Valley International School
* Greenfield Public School

===Other===
* Lakshya Computer Education, Sirhind Mandi
* Preet lace & button phuwara chowk near mandir baba mangal nath sirhind mandi
* Preet studio railway road sirhind spl.visa photo, wedding photography

==Historical and religious places in Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib==
* Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib
* Gurdwara Jyoti Sarup
* Dashnami Akhara
* Gurdwara Shahid Ganj
* Gurdwara Patshahi Chevin
*[[Rauza Sharif]] (Shrine of Syed [[Ahmad Sirhindi]])
* Tomb of Ustad and Shagird
* Tomb of Mir-I-Miran, Sirhind
* Aam Khas Bagh, Sirhind
* Mata Shri Chakreshwari Devi Jain Temple Village Attewali (Sirhind)
* Gurdwara moti ram mehra ji
* Jahaji Haveli, Haveli of Diwan Todar Mal
* Dera Baba Biram Dass Ji ( VPO Badhouchhi Kalan)

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 18.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 02.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 13.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 04.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 27.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 25.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 11.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 14.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 15.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 10.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 21.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 08.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 26.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 22.jpg|
File:Sirhind-Fatehgarh Sahib WikiExpedition 07.jpg|
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Reona Bhola]]
*[[Kotla Suleman]]

==Further reading==
* ''Subhash Parihar'', History and Architectural Remains of Sirhind, 2006, Aryan Books International. {{ISBN|81-7305-311-1}}.
Subhash Parihar, "Medieval Sirhind and its Monuments", Marg (Mumbai), vol. 55, no. 4, June 2004, pp. 42–57.
Subhash Parihar, "Historic Mosques of Sirhind". Islamic Studies, 43(3)(2004): 481–510.
Subhash Parihar, "Arabic and Persian Inscriptions from Sirhind". Islamic Studies, 38(2)(1999): 255–74.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.sikhstudies.org/Periodicals.asp?TtlCod=1734 Battle_of_Sirhind Battle of Sirhind at Sikhstudies.org]
*www.sirhindinfo.com

{{Fatehgarh Sahib district}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Fatehgarh Sahib district]]
[[Category:Former capital cities in India]]