Marinaupu: improved section also and improved wording

2026-03-28T10:45:31Z

improved section also and improved wording

49.206.130.135: Produced a new article.

2023-01-14T21:17:16Z

Produced a new article.

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{{Short description|Adherents of Hinduism who identify linguistically, culturally, and genealogically as Sindhis}}
{{For|demographics of Hindus in Sindh Province|Hinduism in Sindh Province}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Sindhi Hindus
| population = {{circa|7}} million
| region1 = {{Flag|Pakistan}}
| pop1 = 4,176,986
| ref1 = <ref name="pakcensus">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2017/tables/sindh/Table09p.pdf|title=Table 9: Population by Religion, Sex and Rural/Urban|publisher=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pakistanhinducouncil.org.pk/hinduism/hindu-population-pk/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718183248/http://pakistanhinducouncil.org.pk/hinduism/hindu-population-pk/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=18 July 2019|title = Hindu Population (PK) – Pakistan Hindu Council}}</ref>
| region2 = {{Flag|India}}
| pop2 = 2,772,264 {{efn|Includes speakers of [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]; some Sindhi-speakers, especially in western Rajasthan, are Muslims while many ethnic Sindhi Hindus no longer speak the language.}}
| ref2 = <ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Statement-1.pdf|title=Census of India 2011|last=Data on Language and Mother Tongue|date=|page= 7|website=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength – 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Statement-1.pdf|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
| region3 =
| pop3 =
| ref3 =
| region4 =
| pop4 =
| ref4 =
| region5 =
| pop5 =
| ref5 =
| langs = [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]<br />{{small|Additionally [[Hindi–Urdu]], and [[English language|English]]}}
| rels = [[File:Om.svg|15px]] [[Hinduism]] (incl. [[Nanakpanthi]])
| related = [[Indo-Aryan peoples]]
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
}}
[[File:Jhulelal hindu deity.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Jhulelal (Hinduism)|Jhulelal]]'', the [[Iṣṭa-devatā|Ishta Devta]] of the Sindhi Hindus.]]
'''Sindhi Hindus''' are [[Sindhis]] who follow the [[Hindu]] religion, whose origins lie in the [[Sind Province (1936–1955)|Sindh region]] and spread across modern-day [[Sindhis in India|India]] and the [[Pakistan]]i [[Sindh province]]. After the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, many Sindhi Hindus were among those who fled from Pakistan to the [[dominion of India]], in what was a wholesale exchange of Hindu and Muslim populations in some areas. Some later emigrated from the subcontinent and settled in other parts of the world.<ref>Rita Kothari, ''Burden of Refuge: Sindh, Gujarat, Partition,'' Orient Blackswan</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://tribune.com.pk/story/388663/who-orchestrated-the-exodus-of-sindhi-hindus-after-partition |title = Who orchestrated the exodus of Sindhi Hindus after Partition? |last=Nil |website = tribune.com.pk |publisher=The Express Tribune |access-date = 29 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author = Nandita bhavnani |title = The making of exile: sindhi hindus and the partition of india |isbn = 978-93-84030-33-9 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=n_8aBAAAQBAJ&q=Save+Sindh%2C+Save+the+Continent.&pg=PT330 |access-date = 12 September 2015}}</ref>

According to the [[2017 Pakistan Census|2017 census]], there are 4.18 million Sindhi Hindus residing within the Sindh province of Pakistan with major population centers being [[Mirpur Khas Division]] and [[Hyderabad Division]] that combined account for more than 2 million of them.<ref name="pakcensus" /> Meanwhile, the 2011 census listed 2.77 million speakers of Sindhi in India, including speakers of [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]],<ref name="2011 Census">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Statement-1.pdf|title=Census of India 2011|last=Data on Language and Mother Tongue|page= 7}}</ref> a number that does not include Sindhi Hindus who no longer speak the Sindhi language. The vast majority of [[Sindhis in India|Sindhi Hindus]] living in India belong to the [[Lohana]] ''[[jāti]]'', which includes the sub-groups of [[Amils|Amil]] and [[Bhaiband]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ramey|first=S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bv2ADAAAQBAJ&dq=lohana+cook&pg=PA19|title=Hindu, Sufi, or Sikh: Contested Practices and Identifications of Sindhi Hindus in India and Beyond|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-230-61622-6|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Schaflechner|first=Jürgen|title=Hinglaj Devi: Identity, Change, and Solidification at a Hindu Temple in Pakistan|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2018|pages=71–75}}</ref>

== Hinduism in Sindh ==
Prior to the Islamic invasions of India, [[Hinduism]] and [[Buddhism]] were widely practiced in the Sindh region. The terms [[India]] and [[Hindus]] are respectively derivatives of the names of the [[Indus]] river called Sindhu in [[Sanskrit]]. After many successful raids, the army of the [[Umayyad Caliphate]] led by [[Muhammad Bin Qasim]] successfully invaded Sindh in 712CE against the last [[Hindu]] king of Sindh, [[Raja Dahir]].

Sindh, under the control of Qasim, saw a decline of Hinduism and Buddhism. The later reign of the Delhi Sultanate, led to further decline with [[Hinduism and Buddhism]] becoming minority religions.

Prior to the partition of India, the Sindhi Hindu population, accounting for around 25% of the population, mostly moved to India. Today, Sindhi Hindus in Pakistan number around 4.2 million, around 9% of the region's population. Sindhi Hindus are the largest ethnolinguistic Hindu group in Pakistan.<ref name="gulfnews777">{{cite news|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/hindus-of-pakistan-reject-caa-do-not-want-indian-prime-minister-modis-offer-of-citizenship-1.68552370|title=Hindus of Pakistan reject CAA, do not want Indian Prime Minister Modi's offer of citizenship|work=Gulf News|access-date=19 December 2019}}</ref>

== Partition of India ==
{{Main|Sindhis in India}}
After the [[partition of India]] in 1947, the majority of Sindh's Hindus migrated to [[India]], mainly forced by the [[Persecution of Hindus#Pakistan|religious-based persecution]] of the time.{{cn}} They settled primarily in the neighbouring [[Kutch district]] of [[Gujarat]], which bears linguistic and cultural similarities to Sindh, and the city of [[Mumbai|Bombay]]. As per Census of [[India]] 2011, there are around 1,741,662 Sindhi speakers living in India (not counting [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]] speakers, who are sometimes seen as speaking a Sindhi dialect).<ref>{{cite web |title=CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/C-16_25062018_NEW.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=Govt of India |access-date=2 May 2020}}</ref> There are also sizable Sindhi Hindu communities elsewhere in the world, sometimes termed, the '[[Sindhi diaspora]]'.

== Family Names ==

=== Conventions ===
Most Sindhi Hindu family names are a modified form of a [[patronymic]] and typically end with the suffix '''''"-ani"''''', which is used to denote descent from a common male ancestor. One explanation states that the -ani suffix is a [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] variant of 'anshi', derived from the [[Sanskrit]] word 'ansh', which means 'descended from' (see: [[Devanshi]]). The first part of a Sindhi Hindu surname is usually derived from the name or location of an ancestor. In northern Sindh, surnames ending in 'ja' (meaning 'of') are also common. A person's surname would consist of the name of his or her native village, followed by 'ja'. The Sindhi Hindus generally add the suffix ‘-ani’ to the name of a great-grandfather and adopt the name as a family name.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sindhishaan.com/article/history/hist_01_02c.html|title=Sindhishaan - Whats in Name|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sindhisms.blogspot.sg/p/sindhi-surnames.html|title=Sindhi Surnames|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tarun-sakhrani/the-sindhis-of-sindh_b_8894284.html|title=The Sindhis of Sindh And Beyond|work=Huffington Post|access-date=9 August 2016|first=Tarun|last=Sakhrani}}</ref>

=== Surnames ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Caste
!Surnames<ref>{{Cite book|last=U.T Thakur|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.548293|title=Sindhi Culture|year=1959}}</ref>
|-
|Sindhi Amil Lohana
|[[Advani]], [[Ahuja]], [[Ajwani]], [[Bathija]], [[Bhambhani]], [[Bhavnani]], [[Bijlani]], [[Chhablani]], [[Chabria|Chhabira]], [[Chhugani]], [[Chugani]], [[Dadlani]], [[Daryani]], [[Dudani]], [[Essarani]], [[Gabrani]], [[Gidwani]], [[Gurnani]], [[Hingorani]], [[Hemrajani ]], [[Idnani]], [[Israni|Issrani]], [[Jagtiani]], [[Jhangiani]], [[Kandharani]], [[Karnani]], [[Kewalramani]], [[Khubchandani]], [[Kriplani]], [[Haswani]],[[Lalwani]], [[Mahtani]], [[Makhija]], [[Malkani]], [[Manghirmalani]], [[Manglani]], [[Manshani]], [[Mansukhani]], [[Mirchandani]], [[Motwani]], [[Makhija|Mukhija]], [[Panjwani]], [[Punwani]], [[Ramchandani]], [[Raisinghani]], [[Rijhsanghani]], [[Sadarangani]], [[Shahani]], [[Shahukarani]], Shivdasani, [[Sipahimalani]] (shortened to Sippy in many instances), [[Sitlani]], [[Sarabhai]], [[Singhania (disambiguation)|Singhania]], [[Takthani]], [[Thadani]], [[Vaswani]], [[Wadhwani]] and [[Uttamsinghani]]
|-
|Sindhi Bhaiband Lohana
|[[Aishani]], [[Agahni]], [[Anandani]], [[Aneja]], [[Ambwani]], [[Asija]], [[Bablani]], [[Bajaj (surname)|Bajaj]], [[Bhagwani]], [[Bhaglani]], [[Bhojwani]], [[Bhagnani]], [[Balani (surname)|Balani]], [[Baharwani]], [[Biyani]], [[Bodhani]], [[Channa]], [[Choithani|Chothani]], [[Dalwani]], [[Damani (name)|Damani]], [[Dhingra|Dhingria]], [[Dolani]], [[Dodeja|Dudeja]], [[Gangwani]], [[Ganglani]], [[Gulrajani]], [[Hiranandani]], [[Hotwani]], [[Harwani]], [[Jagwani]], [[Jamtani]], [[Sindi ladi (caste)|Jobanputra]], [[Juneja]], [[Jumani]], [[Katejs|Kateja]], [[Kodwani]], [[Khabrani]], [[Khanchandani]], [[Khushalani]], Kirpalani, [[Lakhani tribe|Lakhani]], [[Lanjwani]], [[Laungani|Longan]], [[Lachhwani]], [[Ludhwani]], [[Lulia]], [[Lokwani]], [[Manghnani]], [[Mamtani]], [[Mirani (tribe)|Mirani]], [[Mirpuri (surname)|Mirpuri]], [[Mirwani]], [[Mohinani]], [[Mulchandani]], [[Nihalani]], [[Nankani]], [[Nathani]], [[Parwani]], [[PHULL|Phull]], [[Qaimkhani]], [[Ratlani]], [[Rajpal]], [[Rustamani]], [[Ruprela]], Rajwani, Rijhwani, Ramnani, [[Sambhavani]], [[Santdasani]], [[Shamdasani]], [[Soneji]], [[Setia]], [[Sewani]], [[Tewani|Tejwani]], [[Tilokani]], [[Tirthani]], [[Wassan]], [[Vangani]], [[Varlani]],[[Vishnani]], [[Visrani]], [[Virwani]] and [[Valbani]]
|}

== Notable Sindhi Hindus ==
{{Main|List of Sindhi people}}
* [[Sushil Rajpal]], Indian Cameraman, Producer, Director
* [[Raja Dahir]], the last Hindu king of [[Brahmin dynasty|Sindh]]
* [[Jimmi Harkishin]], British Asian actor
* [[Ajith Kumar]], Indian film actor
* [[Aftab Shivdasani]], Indian film actor.
* [[Asrani]], Indian comedian and actor.
* [[Anant Balani]], Indian film Director.
* [[Babita]], Indian film actress
* [[Bherumal Meharchand Advani]], Linguist, Historian, Novelist, Poet, Researcher
* [[Kiara Advani]], Indian actress.
* [[Kalyan Bulchand Advani]], Poet, Critique, Scholar
* [[L. K. Advani]], former [[Deputy Prime Minister of India]].
* [[Nikhil Advani]], Indian movie director and screenwriter.
* [[Pankaj Advani (billiards player)|Pankaj Advani]], 23 times world champion in snooker and billiards from India.
* [[Suresh H. Advani]], [[oncologist]] who pioneered [[Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]] in India.
* [[Gurumukh_Das_Jagwani|Dr Gurmukh Das Jagwani]], former [[Member of Maharashtra Legislative Council]]
* [[Kirat Babani]], freedom fighter, writer, journalist.
* [[Rana Bhagwandas]], Judge on the [[Supreme Court of Pakistan]]
* [[Deepak Bhojwani]], Ambassador at Indian foreign service
* [[Aarti Chabria]], Actress
* [[Vishal Dadlani]], Playback Singer
* [[Bhai Pratap Dialdas]], freedom fighter, businessman, philanthropist
* [[Jairamdas Daulatram]], political leader in the Indian independence movement, Governor of the Indian states of Bihar and later Assam.
* [[Harish Fabiani]], Indian (NRI) businessman based in [[Madrid]].
* [[Khialdas Fani]], writer, poet, singer
* [[Sobhraj Nirmaldas Fani]], writer and poet
* [[Sobho Gianchandani]], Pakistani Sindhi social scientist, and revolutionary writer
* [[Hotchand Molchand Gurbakhshani]], Educationist, Scholar and Writer
* [[Hari Harilela]], Indian businessman based in Hong Kong
* [[Anita Hassanandani]], Indian actress
* [[Gopichand Hinduja]], British businessman, co-chairman of the [[Hinduja Group]].
* [[Indira Hinduja]], is an Indian gynecologist, obstetrician and infertility specialist who pioneered the Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) technique resulting in the birth of India's first GIFT baby.
* [[Niranjan Hiranandani]], co-founder and managing director of [[Hiranandani Group]]
* [[Popati Hiranandani]], writer
* [[Surendra Hiranandani]], co-founder and managing director of [[Hiranandani Group]]
* [[Lakhumal Hiranand Hiranandani]], Indian [[Otorhinolaryngologist]].
* [[Rajkumar Hirani]], popular Indian film director and editor.
* [[Micky Jagtiani]], chairman and owner of [[Landmark Group]].
* [[Kamna Jethmalani]], Indian actress.
* [[Ram Jethmalani]], Indian senior lawyer, former Law Minister of India.
* [[Motilal Jotwani]], Indian writer, educator, follower of [[Gandhi]], fellow of [[Harvard Divinity School]].
* [[Hemu Kalani]], freedom fighter.
* [[Atul Khatri]], Stand-up comedian.
* [[Chanda Kochhar]] (née Advani), Former MD and chief executive officer of [[ICICI Bank]].
* [[Krishna Kohli|Krishna Kolhi]], Senator, [[Pakistan Peoples Party]].
* [[Rooplo Kolhi]], freedom fighter.
* [[Jayant Kripalani]], Film, Television and Stage actor
* [[J. B. Kripalani]], freedom fighter and President of [[Indian National Congress]]
* [[Krishna Kripalani]], freedom fighter, author and parliamentarian.
* [[Gulu Lalvani]], chairman of [[Binatone]].
* [[Kartar Lalvani]], founder and chairman of [[Vitabiotics]].
* [[Nikita Lalwani]], Indian novelist based in London.
* [[Tej Lalvani]], CEO of the UK's largest vitamin company [[Vitabiotics]].
* [[Shankar Lalwani]], Indian politician and Member of Parliament in the 17th Lok Sabha from Indore, madhya pradesh, India.
* [[Kishore Mahbubani]], Singaporean diplomat
* [[K. R. Malkani]], journalist, historian and politician.
* [[N. R. Malkani]], freedom fighter and social worker.
* [[Rajeev Masand]], Indian film critic.
* [[Rajesh Mirchandani]], global communications leader and former British television journalist.
* [[Gulab Mohanlal Hiranandani]], Indian Navy officer who served as the Vice Chief of the Naval Staff.
* [[Hansika Motwani]], Indian actress.
* [[Rajeev Motwani]], Computer Scientist, Professor at Stanford University. He was an early supporter and advisor of companies like [[Google]] and [[PayPal]].
* [[Kabir Mulchandani]], Indian businessman.
* [[Kala Prakash]], Fiction writer
* [[Moti Prakash]], Poet
* [[Lila Poonawalla]] (née Thadani), is an Indian industrialist, philanthropist, humanitarian and the founder of Lila Poonawalla Foundation.
* [[Chandru Raheja]], property developer
* [[Gulabrai Ramchand]], Indian cricketer.
* [[Ishwardas Rohani]], Indian politician and former Speaker of [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]].
* [[Bhagat Kanwar Ram]], saint
* [[Bulo C Rani]], Indian music director.
* [[G. S. Sainani]], Indian general physician, medical researcher, medical writer and an Emeritus Professor of the National Academy of Medical Sciences.
* [[Meera Sanyal]] (née Hiranandani), was an Indian banker and politician. She served as CEO and chairperson of the Royal Bank of Scotland in India.
* [[Sadhana Shivdasani]], Indian film actress.
* [[Sonu Shivdasani]], founder and CEO of [[Soneva]].
* [[Rana Chandra Singh]], founder of Pakistan Hindu Party and Federal Minister; seven times member of Pakistan National Assembly.
* [[Ranveer Singh]], Indian actor
* [[G. P. Sippy]], Bollywood movie producer and director.
* [[Ramesh Sippy]], Bollywood movie producer and director.
* [[Anjana Sukhani]], Actress
* [[Tamannaah]] (Tamannaah Bhatia), Indian actress.
* [[Tarun Tahiliani]], Indian fashion designer.
* [[Hiten Tejwani]], Indian actor.
* [[Sundri Uttamchandani]], noted Indian writer.
* [[Mangharam Udharam Malkani]], Sindhi scholar, critic, writer, playwright, literary historian and professor.
* [[Sunil Vaswani]], chairman of the [[Stallion Group]].
* [[Harchandrai Vishandas]], British Indian attorney, politician and former mayor of Karachi.
* [[Seth Vishandas Nihalchand]], merchant and former member of [[Indian National Congress]] at the time of Independence.
* [[Romesh Wadhwani]], chairman and CEO of [[Symphony Technology Group]] (STG), an alumnus of [[Indian Institute of Technology Bombay]].
* [[Narendra Hirwani]], Indian cricketer
* [[Radhakrishna Hariram Tahiliani]], Former Chief of the Naval Staff, India.
* [[Dalip Tahil]] Indian film, television and theatre actor.
* [[Brahma Chellaney]] Geostrategist and author
* [[Archie Panjabi|Archana Panjabi]], British actress

== See also ==
* [[Sindhis]]
* [[Hinduism in Sindh Province]]
* [[Sindhis in India]]
* [[Hinduism in Pakistan]]
* [[Darya Lal Mandir]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Sources ==
* Bherumal Mahirchand Advani, "Amilan-jo-Ahwal" - published in Sindhi, 1919
* Amilan-jo-Ahwal (1919) - translated into English in 2016 ("A History of the Amils") at [http://www.saibaba-fund.org/sindhis.html sindhis]

{{Hinduism in India by region}}{{Hinduism in Pakistan}}

[[Category:Hinduism in Sindh| ]]
[[Category:Hindu communities]]
[[Category:Hindu ethnic groups]]
[[Category:Ethnoreligious groups in Asia]]
[[Category:Ethnoreligious groups in India]]

Sindhi Hindus - Revision history

Marinaupu: improved section also and improved wording

49.206.130.135: Produced a new article.