imported>Citation bot: Alter: pages. Formatted dashes. | You can use this bot yourself. Report bugs here. | Suggested by Lightlowemon | Category:Amino acid derivatives‎ | via #UCB_Category 62/96

2021-02-02T11:34:35Z

Alter: pages. Formatted dashes. | You can use this bot yourself. Report bugs here. | Suggested by Lightlowemon | Category:Amino acid derivatives‎ | via #UCB_Category 62/96

New page

{{Multiple issues|
{{primary sources|date=December 2011}}
{{orphan|date=February 2012}}
{{cite check|date=December 2011}}
}}

'''Silk amino acid''' (SAAs) also known as '''[[Sericin]]''' is a natural water-soluble [[glycoprotein]] extracted from raw silk. It is used as an additive in skin and hair care products due to its high levels of [[serine]] which has excellent moisture preservation characteristics.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.centerchem.com/Capability.asp?CapabilityID=2250&Cat1ID=20&Cat2ID=90 |title=Sericin |website=Centerchem.com |date= |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref><ref name="gerovital1">{{cite web |url=http://www.gerovital.co.ro/sericin.pdf |title=Sericin |website=Gerovital |access-date=2012-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070413000710/http://www.gerovital.co.ro/sericin.pdf |archive-date=2007-04-13 |url-status=dead}}</ref> As a water-based additive it is used to provide a protective barrier and silky feel to [[lotion]]s, [[soap]]s, [[personal lubricant]]s, [[shampoo|hair]] and [[skincare]] products.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/5393/1/JSIR%2063%284%29%20323-329.pdf |journal=Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research |volume=63 |date=April 2004 |pages=323–329 |title=Silk sericin and its applications: A review |author1=Padamwar, M. N. |author2=Pawar, A. P.}}</ref> Silk amino acids are produced by [[Hydrolysis|hydrolyzing]] (or breaking apart) silk [[protein]]s into smaller [[peptide]] chains, typically 18 to 19 amino acids in length. Silk amino acids have a lower molecular weight than silk protein powders and are moisturizing to skin and hair.

Silk amino acids are used in formulating shampoos, conditioner, hair treatments, bodywash, body lotions, cleansers, toners and facial moisturizers, mascara, lipstick and color cosmetics.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dermaxime.com/silk-amino-acids.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100122081322/http://www.dermaxime.com/silk-amino-acids.htm |archive-date=2010-01-22 |url-status=dead |title=Silk amino acids add a velvety touch to cosmetics and also helps to prevent dehydration of the skin |website=Dermaxine: bio-cellular skin care products}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.happi.com/issues/2004-12/view_features/hair-care-a-growing-market |title=Hair care: a growing market: hair care marketers get to the root of their customers' needs |author=Henson, Melanie |date=2005-11-22 |website=Happi |publisher=Rodman Media}}</ref>

==Background==
[[Silk]] is made up of two primary proteins; a fibrous protein known as [[fibroin]], and a sticky protein known as sericin, with the two comprising 70–80% and 20–30% of silk, respectively. Both of these proteins provide the unique functionality of silk that makes silk clothes so unique and so popular, with the production of silk material dating back to as early as 3500 BC.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianart.com/textiles/intro.html|title=Textile Exhibition: Introduction|author=Tsang, Gerard C. C. |publisher=Asian art |access-date=2012-10-22 }}</ref> What is not so well known though is that silk has been used in traditional medicine in both China and Korea for centuries.{{OR|date=December 2011}} The source of these silk amino acids is typically the domesticated moth, [[silkworm]] (Latin name: ''Bombyx mori'').

Sericin has a high hydroxy amino acid content which is important for the water-binding capacity which regulates the [[Human skin|skin's]] moisture content. It also has a unique carbohydrate moiety and a unique repetitive amino acid sequence which give it a high affinity for bonding to adhering proteins resulting in a tightening, anti-wrinkle effect. In addition, because of its high molecular weight, it leaves a substantive semi-occlusive film that persists even after washing, and can increase the skins permeability.<ref name="gerovital1"/>

==Composition==
Predominant composition of silk amino acids (by weight*):<ref>{{cite journal |title=Stamina-enhancing effects of silk preparations in mice |author1=Shin, S. |author2=Park, D. |author3=Yeon, S. |display-authors=etal |journal=Laboratory Animal Research |volume=25 |issue=2 |date=2009 |pages=127–34}}</ref>
* L-[[Alanine]] (34.36%)
* [[Glycine]] (27.23%)
* L-[[Serine]] (9.58%)
* L-[[Valine]] (3.49%)
* L-[[Threonine]] (2.00%)
* [*SAAs contains other amino acids but only those representing >2.00% are listed due to their greater relevance]

==Applications==
Due to its proteinous nature, sericin is susceptible to the action of [[proteolytic enzymes]], making it digestible; and because of properties like its gelling ability, moisture retention capacity and skin adhesion, it has numerous medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.{{Citation needed|date=August 2015}}

==References==

{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==

[[Category:Amino acid derivatives]]

Silk amino acid - Revision history

imported>Citation bot: Alter: pages. Formatted dashes. | You can use this bot yourself. Report bugs here. | Suggested by Lightlowemon | Category:Amino acid derivatives‎ | via #UCB_Category 62/96