CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

2023-08-14T16:26:59Z

Removed empty portal template using script

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:56, 14 August 2023
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	==External links==		==External links==
	~~{{Portal\|India\|Biography\|Punjab}}~~

	{{Sikhism\|state=collapsed}}		{{Sikhism\|state=collapsed}}

Delinker: Bot: The file File:Guru Gobind Singh portrait.jpg has been removed, as it does not exist.

2023-07-26T05:55:27Z

Bot: The file File:Guru Gobind Singh portrait.jpg has been removed, as it does not exist.

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:25, 26 July 2023
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	\| 10		\| 10
	\| '''[[Guru Gobind Singh]]'''		\| '''[[Guru Gobind Singh]]'''
	\| ~~[[File:Guru Gobind Singh portrait.jpg\|75px]]~~		\|
	\| 11 November 1675		\| 11 November 1675
	\| 22 December 1666		\| 22 December 1666

WikiDwarf: Created page with "{{short description|Spiritual leaders of Sikhism}} page=38}} The '''Sikh Gurus ''' (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰੂ) are the spiritual masters of Sikhi, who established this religion over the course of about two and a half centuries..."

2022-01-09T07:04:50Z

Created page with "{{short description|Spiritual leaders of Sikhism}} thumb|A miniature painting, dated 1890, depicting an "imaginary portrait" of the ten Gurus and others.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Sikhs |publisher=E.J. Brill |isbn=9004095543 |page=38}}</ref> The '''Sikh Gurus ''' (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰੂ) are the spiritual masters of Sikhi, who established this religion over the course of about two and a half centuries..."

New page

{{short description|Spiritual leaders of Sikhism}}
[[File:Sikh gurus.jpg|thumb|A miniature painting, dated 1890, depicting an "imaginary portrait" of the
ten Gurus and others.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Sikhs |publisher=E.J. Brill |isbn=9004095543 |page=38}}</ref>]]
The '''Sikh Gurus ''' ([[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰੂ) are the spiritual masters of [[Sikhism|Sikhi]], who established this religion over the course of about two and a half centuries, beginning in 1469.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=186-187}}</ref> The year 1469 marks the birth of [[Guru Nanak]], the founder of Sikhism. He was succeeded by nine other gurus until, in 1708, the ''Guruship'' was finally passed on by the tenth guru to the holy [[Sikhism|Sikh]] scripture, [[Guru Granth Sahib]], which is now considered the living Guru by the followers of the Sikh faith.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Sikhs : faith, philosophy & folk |url=https://archive.org/details/sikhsfaithphilos0000gurb |url-access=registration |publisher=Lustre Press |isbn=9788174360373}}</ref>

==Etymology and definition==
{{Main|Guru}}
'''Guru''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|uː|r|uː}}, {{small|UK also}} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ʊr|uː|,_|ˈ|ɡ|ʊər|-}}; {{lang-sa|गुरु}}, [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: ਗੁਰੂ, [[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: ''guru'') is a [[Sanskrit]] term for a "[[teacher]], [[guide]], [[expert]], or master" of certain knowledge or field.<ref>Stefan Pertz (2013), The Guru in Me - Critical Perspectives on Management, GRIN Verlag, {{ISBN|978-3638749251}}, pages 2-3</ref> Bhai [[Vir Singh (writer)|Vir Singh]], in his dictionary of [[Guru Granth Sahib]] describes the term [[Guru]] as a combination of two separate units: "Gu;(ਗੁ)" meaning darkness and "Rū;(ਰੂ)" which means light.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Veer |title=Sri Guru Granth Kosh |date=1964 |pages=122}}</ref> Hence, [[Guru]] is who brings light into darkness or in other words, the one who enlightens.

Bhai [[Vir Singh (writer)|Vir Singh]]'s definition provides further insight about [[Sikhism|Sikhi]] itself and explains why [[Guru Granth Sahib]] is considered the living Guru. The word [[Sikhs|Sikh]] is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] term ''shishya''<ref>{{cite book |title=World religions : from ancient history to the present |isbn=978-0-87196-129-7}}</ref>([[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: ਸਿੱਖ) which means a disciple or a student. Thus, [[Sikhs]] have a [[Guru–shishya tradition|student–teacher relationship]] with their Gurus since their teachings, written in [[Guru Granth Sahib]], serve as a guide for the sikhs.

==The Gurus==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No.
! Name
! Portrait
! Guruship
! Birth Date
! Birth Place
!Born as
! Father
! Mother
! Date of death
! Reason
! Place of death
|-
| 1
| '''[[Guru Nanak Dev Ji ]]'''
| [[File:Guru Nanak Dev by Raja Ravi Varma.jpg|75px]]
| Since birth
| 14 April 1469 <ref group=note>officially observed on [[Kartik Purnima|Katak Puranmashi]] (October–November)</ref>
| [[Nankana Sahib]], [[Punjab]], [[Delhi Sultanate]]
|[[Hindu Khatris]]
| [[Mehta Kalu|Kalyan Das Bedi]]
| [[Mata Tripta]]
| {{death date and age|1539|09|22|1469|04|14|df=yes}}
| Natural causes
| [[Kartarpur, Pakistan|Kartarpur]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 2
| '''[[Guru Angad|Guru Angad Dev]]'''
| [[File:Guru Angad from a painting at the Lahore Museum.jpg|75px]]
| 7 September 1539
| 31 March 1504
| [[Muktsar]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]
| [[Baba Pheru Mal]]
| [[Mata Ramo]]
| {{death date and age|1552|03|29|1504|03|31|df=yes}}
| Natural causes
| [[Khadur Sahib]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 3
| '''[[Guru Amar Das]]'''
| [[File:Amardas-Goindwal.jpg|75px]]
| 26 April 1552
| 5 May 1479
| [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Vaishnavism]], [[Hinduism|Hindu]]
| [[Tej Bhan Bhalla]]
| [[Mata Lachmi]]
| {{death date and age|1574|09|01|1479|05|05|df=yes}}
| Natural causes
| [[Goindval]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 4
| '''[[Guru Ram Das]]'''
| [[File:Guru Ram Das.jpg|75px]]
| 1 September 1574
| 24 September 1534
| [[Lahore]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Hindu Khatris]]
| [[Baba Har Das]]
| [[Mata Daya]]
| {{death date and age|1581|09|01|1534|09|24|df=yes}}
| Natural causes
| [[Goindval]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 5
| '''[[Guru Arjan Dev]]'''
| [[File:Guru_Arjan.jpg|75px]]
| 1 September 1581
| 15 April 1563
| [[Goindval]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Sikh]]
| [[Guru Ram Das]]
| [[Mata Bhani]]
| {{death date and age|1606|05|30|1563|04|15|df=yes}}
| Execution by [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Jahangir]]
| [[Lahore]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 6
| '''[[Guru Hargobind]]'''
| [[File:Guru Hargobind, The sixth Guru of Sikhism.jpg|75px]]
| 25 May 1606
| 19 June 1595
| [[Amritsar]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Sikh]]
| [[Guru Arjun|Guru Arjun Dev]]
| [[Mata Ganga]]
| {{death date and age|1644|02|28|1595|06|19|df=yes}}
| Natural causes
| [[Kiratpur Sahib]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 7
| '''[[Guru Har Rai]]'''
| [[File:Guru Har Rai.jpg|75px]]
| 3 March 1644
| 16 January 1630
| [[Kiratpur Sahib]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Sikh]]
| [[Baba Gurditta]]
| [[Mata Nihal Kaur]]
| {{death date and age|1661|10|06|1630|01|16|df=yes}}
| Natural causes
| [[Delhi]], [[Delhi Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 8
| '''[[Guru Har Krishan]]'''
| [[File:Sri Guru Har Krishan Ji Gurudwara Pothi Mala.jpg|75px]]
| 7 October 1661
| 7 July 1656
| [[Kiratpur Sahib]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Sikh]]
| [[Guru Har Rai]]
| [[Mata Krishan Kaur]]
| {{death date and age|1664|03|30|1656|07|07|df=yes}}
| [[Smallpox]]
| [[Delhi]], [[Delhi Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 9
| '''[[Guru Tegh Bahadur]]'''
| [[File:Guru teg bahadur.jpg|75px]]
| 20 March 1664
| 1 April 1621
| [[Amritsar]], [[Lahore Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Sikh]]
| [[Guru Hargobind]]
| [[Mata Nanaki]]
| {{death date and age|1675|11|11|1621|04|01|df=yes}}
| Execution by [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Aurangzeb]]
| [[Delhi]], [[Delhi Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|-
| 10
| '''[[Guru Gobind Singh]]'''
| [[File:Guru Gobind Singh portrait.jpg|75px]]
| 11 November 1675
| 22 December 1666
| [[Patna Sahib]], [[Bihar Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|[[Sikh]]
| [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]]
| [[Mata Gujri]]
| {{death date and age|1708|10|07|1666|12|22|df=yes}}
| Assassinated by Jamshed Khan and Wasil Beg on order of [[Wazir Khan (Sirhind)]]
| [[Hazur Sahib]], [[Bidar Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]
|}

===Timeline of Sikh Gurus===
<timeline>
ImageSize = width:720 height:auto barincrement:35
PlotArea = left:150 bottom:20 top:0 right:0
Period = from:1469 till:1708
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

Colors =
id:1 value:orange
id:2 value:blue
id:3 value:blue
id:4 value:darkblue
id:5 value:purple
id:6 value:yellow
id:7 value:claret
id:8 value:powderblue
id:9 value:magenta
id:10 value:blue

ScaleMajor = increment:25 start:1475

BarData=
bar:Nanak text:"Guru Nanak Dev (1469–1539)"
bar:Angad text:"Guru Angad Dev (1504–1552)"
bar:Amar text:"Guru Amar Das (1479–1574)"
bar:Ram text:"Guru Ram Das (1534 –1581)"
bar:Arjan text:"Guru Arjan Dev (1563–1606)"
bar:Hargobind text:"Guru Hargobind (1595–1644)"
bar:Har text:"Guru Har Rai (1630–1661)"
bar:HarK text:"Guru Har Krishan (1656–1664)"
bar:Tegh text:"Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621–1675)"
bar:Gobind text:"Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708)"

PlotData=
bar:Nanak from:1469 till:1539 color:1
bar:Angad from:1504 till:1552 color:2
bar:Amar from:1479 till:1574 color:3
bar:Ram from:1534 till:1581 color:4
bar:Arjan from:1563 till:1606 color:5
bar:Hargobind from:1595 till:1644 color:6
bar:Har from:1630 till:1661 color:7
bar:HarK from:1656 till:1669 color:8
bar:Tegh from:1621 till:1675 color:9
bar:Gobind from:1666 till:1708 color:10
</timeline>

===Pedigree of Sikh Gurus<ref group=note>Listed names and relations might vary from source to source since different aspects of Sikh history have been written by many different individuals over the course of past six centuries</ref>===

{{border |[[File:Bansawali Guru Sahibaan Ki.jpg|800px|Bansawali Guru Sahibaan Ki]]|width=1px|color=black}}

==See also==
* [[History of Sikhism]]
* [[Khalsa]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==External links==
{{Portal|India|Biography|Punjab}}

{{Sikhism|state=collapsed}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sikh Gurus}}
[[Category:Sikh gurus| ]]

Sikh gurus - Revision history

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

Delinker: Bot: The file File:Guru Gobind Singh portrait.jpg has been removed, as it does not exist.

WikiDwarf: Created page with "{{short description|Spiritual leaders of Sikhism}} page=38}} The '''Sikh Gurus ''' (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰੂ) are the spiritual masters of Sikhi, who established this religion over the course of about two and a half centuries..."