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{{Short description|Military conflict}}
{{use Indian English|date=July 2023}}{{Copy edit|July 2023|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Siege of Kalinjar
| place = [[Kalinjar Fort|Kalinjar]]
| image = E. view of the Fort at Kalinjar. May 1814.jpg
| caption = Kalinjar Fort as it appeared in 1814
| territory = Kalinjar annexed to [[Ghurid Dynasty]]
| result = [[Ghurid Dynasty|Ghurid]] victory
| combatant1 = [[Ghurid Dynasty]]
| combatant2 = [[Chandelas of Jejakabhukti]]
| commander1 = [[Qutb-ud-din Aibak]]<br>[[Iltutmish]]
| commander2 = [[Paramardi]]{{surrendered}}
}}
The '''Siege of Kalinjar''' was a military expedition of [[Ghurid dynasty|Ghurid Empire]] under the command of [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak|Qutb-ud-din Aibak]] against the [[Chandelas of Jejakabhukti]] that commenced in 1203 during which the Ghurids successfully captured [[Kalinjar Fort|Kalinjar]] after besieging it.<ref>{{Cite book |last=IAS |first=THIS BOOK IS WRITTEN BY C. M. MISHRA, DIRECTOR OF RUDRA'S |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=CiiqEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&dq=Aibak+Kalinjar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj5i-PT17GAAxVjVmwGHcmIAkUQ6AF6BAgMEAM |title=MPPSC MAINS PAPER 1: History, Culture & Literature of Madhya Pradesh |date=2023-01-29 |publisher=Rudra's IAS |pages=81 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Siddiqi |first=Iqtidar Husain |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DJbmTL8svpwC&pg=PA185&dq=Aibak+Kalinjar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj5i-PT17GAAxVjVmwGHcmIAkUQ6AF6BAgHEAM |title=Indo-Persian Historiography Up to the Thirteenth Century |date=2010 |publisher=Primus Books |isbn=978-81-908918-0-6 |pages=185 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=provinces |first=North-western |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=j50IAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA451&dq=Aibak+Kalinjar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj5i-PT17GAAxVjVmwGHcmIAkUQ6AF6BAgJEAM |title=Statistical, descriptive and historical account of the North-western Provinces of India, ed. by E.T. Atkinson [and others]. |date=1874 |publisher=Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press |pages=451 |language=en}}</ref> The Ghurid forces defeated Chandelas and the Chandela ruler [[Paramardi]] surrendered Kalinjar to Ghurids.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Farooqui |first=Salma Ahmed |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=sxhAtCflwOMC&pg=PA54&dq=Aibak+Kalinjar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj5i-PT17GAAxVjVmwGHcmIAkUQ6AF6BAgLEAM |title=A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: Twelfth to the Mid-eighteenth Century |date=2011 |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-81-317-3202-1 |pages=53 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Srivastava |first=Ashok Kumar |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DBshAAAAMAAJ&q |title=The Life and Times of Kutb-ud-din Aibak |date=1972 |publisher=Govind Satish Prakashan |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chaurasia |first=Radhey Shyam |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=8XnaL7zPXPUC&pg=PA4&dq=Aibak+Kalinjar&hl=en&newbks |title=History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D. |date=2002 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |isbn=978-81-269-0123-4 |pages=4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Srivastava |first=Ashok Kumar |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DBshAAAAMAAJ&q= |title=The Life and Times of Kutb-ud-din Aibak |date=1972 |publisher=Govind Satish Prakashan |pages=132 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kar |first=Hemendra Chandra |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=bsRGAAAAMAAJ&q= |title=Military History of India |date=1980 |publisher=Firma KLM |isbn=978-0-8364-1588-9 |pages=200 |language=en}}</ref>

== Background ==
Kalinjar was the political capital of Chandelas of Jejakabhukti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Education |first=Pearson |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ADFpDwAAQBAJ&pg=SA1-PA30&dq= |title=SSC topic-wise Previous Years Solved Papers General Awareness |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-93-5286-640-3 |pages=131 |language=en}}</ref> It was invaded by [[Prithviraj Chauhan]] of [[Chauhan Dynasty]] in 1183.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rathore |first=Virendra Singh |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=NvUBEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA48&dq= |title=Prithviraj Chauhan - a Light on the Mist in History |date=2020-09-29 |publisher=Virendra Singh Rathore |isbn=978-1-63640-019-8 |pages=48 |language=en}}</ref> After the death of Prithviraj after [[Second Battle of Tarain|second battle of Tarain]], Chandelas regained their superiority over Kalinjar. Chandela was ruled by Paramardi, the last major King of Chandelas.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dole |first=Manoj |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=l1ukEAAAQBAJ&pg= |title=Great Kings in The World |publisher=Manoj Dole |pages=58 |language=en}}</ref>

Qutb-uddin Aibak led his expedition towards Kalinjar in 1202–1203. He defeated Chandela forces and occupied Kalinjar. Paramardi surrendered and promised to pay tribute but died before executing his agreements.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=WN6RGQK71RYC&pg=PA157-IA5&dq=Paramardi+surrender&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjNw-nD5LGAAxXGUGwGHemFD9IQ6AF6BAgGEAM |title=Journal |date=1896 |pages=158 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

== References ==
<references />

{{coord missing|India}}

[[Category:Battles by former country|Ghurids]]
[[Category:Battles of the Middle Ages|Ghurids]]
[[Category:Battles involving Iran|Ghurids]]

Siege of Kalinjar - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article