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{{Short description|Pakistani soldier, artist, and writer}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=April 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Siddique Salik
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Brig.Gen.SiddiqSalik.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Siddique Salik (1935–88)
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_name =
| other_name =
| nickname = ''Salik''
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1935|09|06}}
| birth_place = [[Manglia]], [[Kharian Tehsil]], [[Punjab, British India|Punjab]], [[British India|India]] {{small|(Present-day in [[Gujrat District|Gujrat]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]])}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1988|08|17|1935|09|06}}
| death_place = [[Bahawalpur]], [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], Pakistan ([[Death of Zia-ul-Haq|Bahawalpur crash]])
| placeofburial_label=
| placeofburial =
| placeofburial_coordinates = 
| allegiance = {{PAK}}
| branch = {{army|PAK}}
| serviceyears = 1964–88
| serviceyears_label =
| rank = [[File:OF-6 Pakistan Army.svg|10px]] [[Brigadier]]
| rank_label =
| servicenumber = 
| unit = [[Guides Cavalry]], [[Frontier Force Regiment|Frontier Force]]
| commands = [[Director general|DG]] [[Inter Services Public Relations]] Dir. [[Inter-Services Public Relations (Bangladesh)|ISPR East Pakistan]]
| battles_label =
| battles = [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]
*[[Surrender of Pakistan]]
| awards = [[File:Star of Excellence Sitara-e-Imtiaz.png|30px]][[Sitara-e-Imtiaz|Sitara-e-Imtiaz (military)]]
| memorials =
| spouse = 
| relations =
| children = 3 daughters 1 son
| laterwork = [[Novelist]] [[Memoir|Memoirist]] [[Humorist]]
| signature =
| signature_size =
| signature_alt =
| website = 
| module =
}}

[[Brigadier]] '''Siddique Salik''' ({{lang-ur|{{nq|برگیڈیر صدیق سالک}}}}) born 6 September 1935, died 17 August 1988), {{small|[[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|SI(M)]]}}, was an officer in the [[Pakistan Army]], [[War artist|combat artist]], humorist, novelist, and a memoirist who served as 8th [[Director-General]] of the [[Inter Services Public Relations|Inter-Services Public Relations]] from 1985 until his death in 1988 in the [[Death of Zia-ul-Haq|plane crash in Bahawalpur]] with then President.<ref name="Lancer Publishers, Matinuddin">{{cite book|last1=Matinuddin|first1=Kamal|title=The Taliban Phenomenon Afghanistan 1994-1997: With An Afterword Covering Major Events Since 1997|date=2000|publisher=Lancer Publishers|isbn=9788170621072|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FTuyX-PWQo8C&q=Siddique+Salik+Major&pg=PA300|language=en}}</ref> In addition, he also authored two eyewitnessed books on the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] which took place in erstwhile [[East Pakistan|East-Pakistan]], giving accounts of politics and the barbaric [[Military strategy|strategies]] used by the military.

==Early life==
===Education and military service===
Siddique Salik was born in a [[Manglia]], a village, located in [[Kharian Tehsil]] of [[Gujrat District]], [[Punjab, British India]] on 6 September 1935.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh">{{cite news|last1=Parekh|first1=Rauf|title=Literary Notes: Siddiq Salik: a humorist in uniform on martial law and other 'medicines'|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1200898|accessdate=1 August 2017|work=DAWN.COM|agency=Dawn newspaper|publisher=Dawn Newspaper, Parekh|date=17 August 2015|language=en}}</ref> He hailed from a [[Jat Muslim|Jat]] clan of [[Punjabi people|Punjab]] and his family was traditionally [[Peasant]] who worked in a local farm.{{rp|i-ii}}<ref name="Urdu Books Publishing co. Salik">{{cite book|last1=Salik|first1=Saddique|editor1-last=Jaffry|editor1-first=Major Syed Zamir|editor2-last=Azim|editor2-first=Fazl|title=Witness of Surrender: Urdu Version|date=1979|publisher=Urdu Books Publishing co.|location=Rawalpindi|pages=236|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dZ98AQAAQBAJ&q=Siddique+Salik|access-date=1 August 2017|language=ur|format=googlebooks|chapter=Preface}}</ref> He was educated in [[Lahore]], having attended the [[Islamia College (Lahore)|Islamia College]] in the [[Civil Lines]] in [[Lahore]] in 1955.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh"/>

He graduated with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in [[English literature]] and later obtained [[Master of Arts|master's degrees']] in English literature and [[international relations]] from Islamia College in 1960.{{rp|i-ii}}<ref name="Urdu Books Publishing co. Salik"/><ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh"/>

After college graduation, he taught [[British literature]] in [[List of educational institutions in Lahore|various colleges]] in [[Lahore]] as [[visiting professor]] while working as an associate [[Editor-in-chief|editor]] for the [[Associated Press of Pakistan|Associated Press]].<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh"/> In 1964, he joined the [[Pakistan Army]] when he gained [[Commissioned officer|commissioned]] as a [[captain (army)|captain]] in the [[Guides Cavalry]] of the [[Frontier Force Regiment|Frontier Force]].{{rp|i-ii}}<ref name="Urdu Books Publishing co. Salik"/><ref name="اردو ﺁدب, Israr">{{cite web|last1=Ahmad|first1=Israr|title=Urdu Adab: Siddiq Salik; a Celebrated Urdu Writer|url=http://urduadab4u.blogspot.com/2011/04/muhammad-siddiq-salik-celebrated-urdu.html|website=URDU ADAB|publisher=اردو ﺁدب|accessdate=1 August 2017|date=19 April 2022}}</ref> and joined the [[Inter-Services Public Relations]] (ISPR) as a [[War correspondent]].<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh"/> In 1969, he was promoted as [[major]] while serving as military journalist in the [[Inter-Services Public Relations|ISPR]].{{rp|i-ii}}<ref name="Urdu Books Publishing co. Salik"/>

==Personal life==
Brig. Salik was married and had three daughters and a son. His son, Sarmad Salik, is a political journalist who has worked for ''[[PTV News]]'', for [[ARY News]] as director of current affairs, Head of Strategy & Planning at [[TRT World]], Senior Analyst of a Show called ''Public Opinion'' on [[Public News (Pakistan)|Public News TV]] and was the [[Director (business)|Managing Director]] at [[Indus News]], the first international news channel in English from Pakistan.
<ref>{{cite web|title=Views|url=http://www.awaztoday.pk/News-Talk-Shows/10180/Views-On-News-17-Aug-Who-killed-Zia-ul-Haq.aspx|website=Awaz.tv|accessdate=4 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sarmad Salik Ptv Interview on 17th August {{sic|nolink=y|Incedent}}| website=[[YouTube]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y0qol_vOr0M|accessdate=4 August 2017|date=29 January 2022}}</ref> <ref>https://pk.linkedin.com/in/sarmad-salik-a630a820</ref>

===War Appointment and military service in East Pakistan===
{{Main|War correspondent|Combat artist}}

In 1970, Major Salik was posted in [[Dhaka|Dacca]], and became the [[Chief communications officer|public relations officer]] in the [[Inter-Services Public Relations|ISPR East Pakistan]] of [[Pakistan Eastern Command|Eastern Command]].{{rp|193}}<ref name="Oxford University Press, Ṣiddīqī">{{cite book|last1=Ṣiddīqī|first1=ʻAbdurraḥmān|title=East Pakistan the End Game: An Onlooker's Journal 1969-1971|date=2004|publisher=Oxford University Press, Karachi University|location=Karachi|isbn=9780195799934|pages=260|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WudtAAAAMAAJ&q=Siddique+Salik+major|access-date=1 August 2017|language=en}}</ref> Major Salik served as a military media correspondent but soon realized that the [[Bangladesh Army|separate section of army]] had begun a successful mutiny and advised for the formation of [[truth and reconciliation commission]] to end the bloodshed, though his advises were not heeded.{{rp|99}}<ref name="Urdu Books Publishing co. Salik" />

He joined the senior military staff at the [[Dhaka Cantonment|GHQ Dacca]] as a [[Public Relations Officer]], working to release official statements made by the [[Pakistan Eastern Command|Eastern Command]] that was led by its [[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief|Commander East]], [[Lieutenant-General]] [[Tikka Khan]], and later [[AAK Niazi|A.A.K. Niazi]].{{rp|99}}<ref name="Urdu Books Publishing co. Salik" /> On 20 December 1971, he was taken as [[Prisoner of war|war prisoner]] by the [[Indian Army]] when [[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief|Commander East]] [[AAK Niazi|A.A.K. Niazi]] signed to [[Instrument of Surrender (1971)|concede the defeat]] and was flown to [[Calcutta]] to be imprisoned in the military barracks along with [[AAK Niazi|Niazi]] and Admiral [[Mohammad Shariff|Sharif]] .{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.Cloughley">{{cite book|last1=Cloughley|first1=Brian|title=A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections|date=2016|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.|isbn=9781631440397|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JE1kCwAAQBAJ&q=siddiq+salik&pg=PT243|language=en}}</ref> While in prison, he was described by the [[Indian Army]]'s officials as "intelligence, indefatigable, and admirable who was ignored by Niaz and others."{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.Cloughley"/>

About the war prisoners, Major Salik reportedly maintained that the most of the [[Indo-Pakistani War (1971) prisoners of war|war prisoners]] were given thought that in mere two-to-three months, they will be repatriated back to Pakistan via trains to [[Wagha Boarder|Wagha checkpoint]] and ships [[Karachi port]].{{rp|60}}<ref name="Routledge, Datta"/> However, these hoped were dashed when the prisoners had to wait years to be repatriated to Pakistan.{{rp|60}}<ref name="Routledge, Datta">{{cite book|last1=Datta|first1=Antara|title=Refugees and Borders in South Asia: The Great Exodus of 1971|date=2012|publisher=Routledge|location=UK|isbn=9781136250361|pages=220|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uGJcun8ma2cC&q=siddiq+salik+war+prisoner+pakistan+wagah&pg=PA160|access-date=3 August 2017|language=en}}</ref>

===''Witness to Surrender'' and Inter-Services Public Relations===

Under the [[Delhi Agreement|population transfer agreement]] signed between [[India]], [[Pakistan]], and [[Bangladesh]], Major Salik returned to Pakistan when he was repatriated by [[Indian Army]] to the [[Pakistan Army]] in 1973.{{rp|50}}<ref name="Lancer International">{{cite book|title=Indian Defence Review|date=2000|publisher=Lancer International|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6GbfAAAAMAAJ&q=Siddique+Salik+two+year+prisoner|access-date=3 August 2017|language=en}}</ref>{{rp|167}}<ref name="Manas Publications, Gautam">{{cite book|last1=Gautam|first1=Pradeep Kumar|title=Operation Bangladesh|date=2007|publisher=Manas Publications|isbn=9788170492733|pages=192|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JeNtAAAAMAAJ&q=Siddique+Salik+two+year+prisoner|access-date=3 August 2017|language=en}}</ref> Major Salik testified against [[AAK Niazi]] during the interviewing process of the [[Hamoodur Rahman Commission|War Enquiry Commission]].{{rp|193}}<ref name="Oxford University Press, Ṣiddīqī"/> Major Salik continued his military service and remained associate with the [[Inter-Services Public Relations]], working on the public relations. During this time, he began working towards writing the memoirs and book that would recounts the events that led to the [[Surrender of Pakistan]], which he titled as "''Witness of Surrender''."

In 1977, Major Salik was promoted as [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] and published his book despite reservation within the military in 1979.<ref name="Oxford University Press, Ṣiddīqī" /> The book has its significance and considered an eyewitness report on the [[1971 Bangladesh genocide|committed genocide]] committed under the [[Area of responsibility|responsibility]] of [[Pakistani military]] and the [[Mukti Bahini]] (lit. Freedom Army), since the [[Hamoodur Rahman Commission Report|War Report]] was never declassified.{{rp|44}}{{rp|10}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Mahdī|first1=Sayyid G̲h̲affār|title=Mehdi Papers|date=1987|publisher=Mehdi Foundation|location=Lahore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9xoNAAAAIAAJ&q=witness+to+surrender+salik|access-date=3 August 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Pakistan & Gulf Economist|date=1985|publisher=S. Akhtar Ali|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DsIgAQAAMAAJ&q=Siddiq+Salik|access-date=3 August 2017|language=en}}</ref>

[[Lieutenant-Colonel]] Salik also published the [[Urdu language|Urdu]] version of the book, title as: ''ميں نے ڈھاكه ڈوبتے ديكھا'' (lit. Witness to Surrender) in 1986, which was a translation of his English text.<ref name="Urdu Books Publishing co. Salik" /> In his book, Salik presented a view of soldiers and sailors serving in the army and navy in a crucial period of insurgency and the politics that revolved around the [[President Yahya Khan|Yahya administration]], which eventually led to the independence of Bangladesh.<ref name="International Studies, Bahadur">{{cite journal|last1=Bahadur|first1=Kalim|title=Book Reviews : Siddiq Salik. Witness to Surrender. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1977. First Indian edn 1979. Pp. x+map+235. Price Rs 55.00|url=https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/sage/book-reviews-siddiq-salik-witness-to-surrender-new-delhi-oxford-YFydVaLnQJ|journal=International Studies|accessdate=4 August 2017|pages=544–546|language=en|doi=10.1177/002088178001900314|date=1 January 1980|volume=19|issue=3|s2cid=154086354}}</ref>

In 1979, Salik joined the army staff at the [[GHQ (Pakistan Army)|Army GHQ]] as public relations officer, and began working as [[speechwriter]] for [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-ul-Haq]].{{rp|124}}<ref name="Ferozsons, Aijazuddin">{{cite book|last1=Aijazuddin|first1=F. S.|title=The Armless Queen: And Other Essays|date=1994|publisher=Ferozsons|location=Karachi, Sindh, Pk.|isbn=9789690101938|pages=355|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5EnjAAAAMAAJ&q=Col+Siddique+salik+|access-date=4 August 2017|language=en}}</ref> In 1981, he was promoted to [[colonel]] in the army, and during this time, he remained in charge of the [[Ministry of Information, Broadcasting and National Heritage (Pakistan)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]], though he was not appointed minister.{{rp|186–200}}<ref name="Vanguard, Waseem">{{cite book|last1=Waseem|first1=Mohammad|title=Pakistan Under Martial Law, 1977-1985|date=1987|publisher=Vanguard|location=Karachi, Sindh Pk|pages=245|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GBcmAAAAMAAJ&q=Salik|access-date=4 August 2017|language=en}}</ref> In 1982, Salik was permanently appointed as [[Press secretary]] for [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|President Zia]] at the [[GHQ (Pakistan Army)|Army GHQ]]. In 1985, he was promoted as [[brigadier]], and was appointed [[Director-General]] of [[Inter-Services Public Relations]] when his appointment was approved by then-[[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)#Vice Chief of Army Staff|vice army chief]] General [[Khalid Mahmud Arif|K.M. Arif]].<ref>Staff writer, Official promotion: : Col Siddique Salik, President's Press Secretary and the Acting Director, Inter-Services Public Relations Directorate, has been promoted to the rank of Brigadier. [Karachi, [[Dawn (newspaper)|DAWN]] in English, 7 August 1985, pp.4]</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Impact International|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ygdAQAAMAAJ&q=Brig+Salik+ISPR|publisher=News & Media|accessdate=4 August 2017|language=en|date=1985}}</ref>

During his tenure at [[Inter-Services Public Relations]], he became widely known in the public circles in country when he acted as the principal source of information on [[Pakistani military]] deployment in response to the [[Indian Army]]'s [[Operation Brasstacks|massive military exercise]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Subrahmanyam|first1=K.|last2=Monteiro|first2=Arthur|title=Shedding Shibboleths: India's Evolving Strategic Outlook|date=2005|publisher=Wordsmiths|isbn=9788187412137|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HHnfAAAAMAAJ&q=Brig+Siddiq+Salik+1987|access-date=4 August 2017|language=en}}</ref>

On 17 August 1988, [[Brigadier|Brig]] Salik was among those who died in a [[Death and state funeral of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|mysterious plane crash]] while he was traveling with [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|President Zia]] and [[United States Ambassador to Pakistan|American ambassador]] [[Arnold Lewis Raphel]]; he was buried in his local village with full [[military honors]].<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh" />

===Authorship, memoirs, and family===

During his lifetime, Brig. Salik authored 9 books on military and politics; of which, six were written in [[Urdu language|Urdu]] and three were written in [[Pakistani English|English]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Books written by Brig. Siddique Salik|url=https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22%E1%B9%A2idd%C4%ABq+S%C4%81lik%22|website=www.google.com|accessdate=4 August 2017|language=en}}</ref> In 1974, he wrote and published his first memoir, "''Hamah Yārān̲ Dozak̲h̲''", that recorded his life spent as [[War Prisoner|war prisoner]] under the [[Indian Army]].<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh" /> His book and novels also included:

* {{lang|ur|Hamah Yārān̲ Dozak̲h̲}} (1974)
* ''Witness to Surrender'' ({{ISBN|81-7062-108-9}}, 1977)
* {{lang|ur|Ta damay tehreer}} (1981)
* {{lang|ur|Main ne Dhakah dubte dekha}} (1986)
* ''Pressure Cooker'' (1984)
* ''Wounded pride: the reminiscences of a Pakistani prisoner'' (1984)
* ''Emergency'' (1985)
* ''Salute: An autobiography'' (1986)
* ''State and Politics: A Case Study of Pakistan'' (1987)

His novel, {{lang|ur|Ta damay tehreer}}, is a contemporary [[List of satirists and satires|satire]] which provides humor while discussing the political events in his country.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, Parekh" />

==See also==
*[[Military in the media]]
*[[War artist]]
*[[Military journalism]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.ispr.gov.pk/Ex-Directors-and-Director-Generals-of-ISPR Former Directors and DG's of ISPR]
{{Zia-ul-Haq's Government}}
{{Inter-Services Public Relations}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Salik, Brigadier Siddiq}}
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:Punjabi people]]
[[Category:University of the Punjab alumni]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Lahore]]
[[Category:English–Urdu translators]]
[[Category:Frontier Force Regiment officers]]
[[Category:Pakistan Army officers]]
[[Category:Pakistani war correspondents]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:Pakistani prisoners of war]]
[[Category:Pakistani non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Pakistani novelists]]
[[Category:Pakistani memoirists]]
[[Category:Pakistani humorists]]
[[Category:Pakistani human rights activists]]
[[Category:Pakistani conscientious objectors|S]]
[[Category:English-language writers from Pakistan]]
[[Category:Urdu-language writers from Pakistan]]
[[Category:Directors-General of the Inter-Services Public Relations]]
[[Category:20th-century translators]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1988]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Pakistan]]
[[Category:20th-century memoirists]]

Siddique Salik - Revision history

137.59.192.46: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

137.59.192.46: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.