Shrimadh Bhagvad Gita Rahasya - Revision history

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-This book consists of two parts. The first part is the philosophical exposition and the second part consists of the Gita, its translation and the commentary.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tilak |first1=Bal Gangadhar |title=Gita Rahasya - volumes 1 and 2 |url=https://archive.org/details/SrimadBhagavadGitaRahasya-BgTilak-Volumes1And2 |accessdate=28 June 2018|publisher=R. B. Tilak }}</ref>
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-The book was written by Tilak in pencil with his own handwriting while being imprisoned at the Mandalay jail from 1908 to 1914. The more-than-400 pages of script was written in less than four months and is hence in itself considered as "remarkable achievement".<ref name=Datta>{{cite book | title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Vol 2 | publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]] | author=Amaresh Datta | year=1988 | pages=1423 | isbn=978-8126011940}}</ref> Although the writing was completed in the early years of his term, the book was only published in 1915, when he returned to [[Pune|Poona]].<ref name=Wolpert>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/tilakgokhalerevo0000wolp | url-access=registration | title=Tilak and Gokhale: Revolution and Reform in the Making of Modern India | publisher=University of California Press | author=Stanley A. Wolpert | authorlink=Stanley Wolpert | year=1962 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/tilakgokhalerevo0000wolp/page/263 263]}}</ref> He defended the ethical obligation to the active principle or action, as long the action was selfless and without personal interest or motive.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bhatt|first1=Chetan|title=Hindu Nationalism Origins, Ideologies and Modern Myths.|url=https://archive.org/details/hindunationalism00chet|url-access=registration|date=2001|publisher=Berg Publishers|location=Oxford|isbn=9781845209865|page=[https://archive.org/details/hindunationalism00chet/page/34 34]}}</ref>
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[[File:Ramabhadracharya Works - Gita Rahasya.jpg|thumb|Shrimadh Bhagvad Gita Rahasya]]
{{italic title}}
{{short description|1915 Marathi book by Bal Gangadhar Tilak}}
'''''Shrimadh Bhagvad Gita Rahasya''''', popularly also known as '''''Gita Rahasya''''' or '''''Karmayog Shashtra''''', is a 1915 [[Marathi language]] book authored by Indian social reformer and independence activist [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]] while he was in prison at [[Mandalay]], Burma. It is the analysis of ''[[Karma yoga]]'' which finds its source in the [[Bhagavad Gita]], a sacred book for [[Hindu]]s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bal Gangadhar Tilak|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/595729/Bal-Gangadhar-Tilak|website=www.britannica.com|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=10 June 2014}}</ref> According to him, the real message behind the Bhagavad Gita is ''Nishkam Karmayoga'' (selfless action), rather than ''Karma Sanyasa'' (renouncing of actions), which had become the popular message of Gita after [[Adi Shankara]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xa8cD95Mt4YC&pg=PA163 | title=Reading Gandhi | publisher=Pearson Education India | author=Mishra, Anil | pages=163 | isbn=978-8131799642| year=2012 }}</ref> He took the [[Mimamsa]] rule of interpretation as the basis of building up his thesis.<ref name="Datta1988">{{cite book|author=Amaresh Datta|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: devraj to jyoti|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zB4n3MVozbUC&pg=PA1423|year=1988|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-1194-0|pages=1423–}}</ref>

This book consists of two parts. The first part is the philosophical exposition and the second part consists of the Gita, its translation and the commentary.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tilak |first1=Bal Gangadhar |title=Gita Rahasya - volumes 1 and 2 |url=https://archive.org/details/SrimadBhagavadGitaRahasya-BgTilak-Volumes1And2 |accessdate=28 June 2018|publisher=R. B. Tilak }}</ref>

The book was written by Tilak in pencil with his own handwriting while being imprisoned at the Mandalay jail from 1908 to 1914. The more-than-400 pages of script was written in less than four months and is hence in itself considered as "remarkable achievement".<ref name=Datta>{{cite book | title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Vol 2 | publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]] | author=Amaresh Datta | year=1988 | pages=1423 | isbn=978-8126011940}}</ref> Although the writing was completed in the early years of his term, the book was only published in 1915, when he returned to [[Pune|Poona]].<ref name=Wolpert>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/tilakgokhalerevo0000wolp | url-access=registration | title=Tilak and Gokhale: Revolution and Reform in the Making of Modern India | publisher=University of California Press | author=Stanley A. Wolpert | authorlink=Stanley Wolpert | year=1962 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/tilakgokhalerevo0000wolp/page/263 263]}}</ref> He defended the ethical obligation to the active principle or action, as long the action was selfless and without personal interest or motive.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bhatt|first1=Chetan|title=Hindu Nationalism Origins, Ideologies and Modern Myths.|url=https://archive.org/details/hindunationalism00chet|url-access=registration|date=2001|publisher=Berg Publishers|location=Oxford|isbn=9781845209865|page=[https://archive.org/details/hindunationalism00chet/page/34 34]}}</ref>

In a speech on his, Gita Rahasya Tilak said "Various commentators have put as many interpretations on the book, and surely the writer or composer could not have written or composed the book for so many interpretations being put on it. He must have but one meaning and one purpose running through the book, and that I have tried to find out". He finds the message of the subservience of all yogas to Karmayoga or the yoga of action rather than the yoga of sole knowledge ([[jnanayoga]]) or of devotion ([[bhaktiyoga]]).<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ortiz|first1=edited by Gaye Williams|last2=Joseph|first2=Clara A.B.|title=Theology and Literature Rethinking Reader Responsibility.|url=https://archive.org/details/theologyliteratu00orti|url-access=limited|date=2006|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York|isbn=9781403982995|pages=[https://archive.org/details/theologyliteratu00orti/page/n148 136]–137|edition=1st}}</ref>

==Books on it==
Various authors have written books based on Tilak's ''Gita Rahasya'' and have also translated it into other languages.
* ''A Gist of Mr. Tilak's Gita-Rahasya Or Karma-Yoga-Shastra, Etc.''<ref name="JOSHĪ1916">{{cite book|author=VĀMANA MALHAR JOSHĪ|title=A Gist of Mr. Tilak's Gita-Rahasya Or Karma-Yoga-Shastra, Etc|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NI7fMgEACAAJ|year=1916}}</ref>
* Introduction to ''The Gita-rahasya'': Or ''The Fundamentals of Life and Living''<ref>{{cite book|title=Introduction to "The Gita-rahasya": Or "The Fundamentals of Life and Living"|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j5qSGwAACAAJ|year=1936|publisher=Kamala Press}}</ref>

===Translations===
* ''Gita Rahasya'' in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] by [[Jyotirindranath Tagore]]
* ''Gita Rahasya'' in [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] by [[Uttamlal Trivedi]]

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{Wikisourcelang|mr|श्रीमद्भवद्गीतारहस्य}}
*[https://archive.org/details/SrimadBhagavadGitaRahasya-BgTilak-Volumes1And2 ''Srimad Bhagavad Gita Rahasya'' - BG Tilak - Volumes 1 and 2]
* [https://mr.wikisource.org/wiki/श्रीमद्भवद्गीतारहस्य श्रीमद्भवद्गीतारहस्य at Marathi Wikisource ]

{{Bal Gangadhar Tilak}}

[[Category:Hindu texts]]
[[Category:Bhagavad Gita]]
[[Category:Marathi-language literature]]
[[Category:1915 non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Indian non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Philosophy books]]
[[Category:Prison writings]]
[[Category:Bal Gangadhar Tilak]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian books]]