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{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = S. N. Katju
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1910|01|05}}
| birth_place = [[Jaora]], [[Jaora State]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1996|09|09|1910|01|05}}
| death_place = [[Prayagraj]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]

| office = Judge, [[Allahabad High Court]]
| term_start = 1962
| term_end = 19??
| constituency =
| predecessor =
| successor =

| office2 = Member, [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council]]
| term_start2 = 1958
| term_end2 = 1962
| constituency2 =
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =

| office3 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]], [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start3 = 1952
| term_end3 = 1957
| constituency3 = [[Phulpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Phulpur]] Central
| predecessor3 =
| successor3 =

| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| nationality = Indian
| occupation = Lawyer, politician, activist
| father = [[Kailash Nath Katju]]
| children = [[Markandey Katju]]
}}
'''Shiva Nath Katju''' (5 January 1910 – 9 September 1996) was an Indian lawyer, judge and an [[Indian National Congress]] politician. He was a member of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] (1952–1957) and the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council]] (1958–1962). He was also a judge at the [[Allahabad High Court]], and a President of the [[Vishwa Hindu Parishad]].

== Early life ==

Shiva Nath Katju was born on 5 January 1910 in [[Jaora]], to Roopan and [[Kailash Nath Katju]]. He completed his primary education at the Bar High School in Jaora. Subsequently, his family moved to [[Allahabad]], where he attended the City A.V. School, [[Government Intermediate College]] and the [[University of Allahabad]].<ref name="AHC_ex">{{cite web |url=http://www.allahabadhighcourt.in/Judges/ex-judges/SNKatju.htm |title=Hon'ble Mr. Shiva Nath Katju |publisher=Allahabad High Court |accessdate=18 December 2015 }}</ref>

== Career ==

S. N. Katju enrolled as an Advocate at the Allahabad High Court on 27 August 1932. He initially practised law in [[Kanpur]], and then moved to Allahabad in July 1935. He mainly handled civil cases. In 1938–39, he became an Advocate at the [[Federal Court of India]], a predecessor of the [[Supreme Court of India]]. He also worked as a part-time lecturer in Law at the Allahabad University.<ref name="AHC_ex"/>

He was also politically active, and was a member of the [[Indian National Congress]]. In the [[1952 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]], Katju was elected as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|member]] from the [[Phulpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Phulpur]] Central constituency.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_UP.pdf |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 to the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh |publisher=Election Commission of India |accessdate=18 December 2015 }}</ref> As an MLA, he opposed proposals to divide Uttar Pradesh into small states, on the grounds that it would promote separatism.<ref>{{cite book |author=Sudha Pai |title=Political Process in Uttar Pradesh: Identity, Economic Reforms, and Governance |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S46rbUL6GrMC&pg=PA17 |year=2007 |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-81-317-0797-5 |pages=17–18}}</ref> In 1958, he became a member of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council]], the upper house of the Uttar Pradesh legislature.<ref name="AHC_ex"/>

On 23 April 1962, he was appointed as an Additional Judge at the Allahabad High Court for a duration of two years. On 23 July 1963, he was made a permanent judge.<ref name="AHC_ex"/>

== Activism ==

S. N. Katju was a noted [[Hindu nationalist]] activist. In the 1950s, he claimed that the tree worshipped as [[Akshayavat]] in the Patalpuri Temple of [[Allahabad Fort]] was only a log. The commander of the fort acknowledged his claim as true. Katju sought to an end to this "deception and fraud practised on the Hindu public", but the District Magistrate of Allahabad decided in favour of maintaining status quo.<ref name="KM_2008">{{cite book |author=Kama Maclean |title=Pilgrimage and Power: The Kumbh Mela in Allahabad, 1765-1954 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MALacgnsroMC&pg=PA5 |date=28 August 2008 |publisher=OUP USA |isbn=978-0-19-533894-2 |pages=72–73 }}</ref> In 1978, Katju became the President of the Varanasi branch of [[Bhagwan Gopinath]] Trust.<ref>{{cite book |author=Saligram Bhatt |title=Kashmiri Scholars Contribution to Knowledge and World Peace: Proceedings of National Seminar by Kashmir Education Culture & Science Society (K.E.C.S.S.), New Delhi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=It1LePnN2LsC&pg=PA301 |date=1 January 2008 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=978-81-313-0402-0 |pages=301–}}</ref>

He was also a member of the [[Vishwa Hindu Parishad]], and became its President in the late 1980s.<ref>{{cite book |author=Manjari Katju |title=Vishva Hindu Parishad and Indian Politics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b70nKb-8YuMC&pg=PP13 |date=1 January 2003 |publisher=Orient Blackswan |isbn=978-81-250-2476-7 |page=13 }}</ref> As a VHP leader, he campaigned for the construction of a Hindu temple at the [[Ram Janmabhoomi]] in [[Ayodhya]].<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/muslim-leaders-split-over-muslim-women-protection-of-rights-on-divorce-bill/1/348222.html |title=Anger and hurt |journal=India Today |date=15 March 1986 |author=Aiay Kumar }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Sarvepalli Gopal |title=Anatomy of a Confrontation: Ayodhya and the Rise of Communal Politics in India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47AARF595dUC&pg=PA78 |year=1993 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-1-85649-050-4 |page=78 }}</ref> He was put under house arrest during the height of this campaign.<ref name="NC_SG_2013">{{cite news |url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/buzzword/katju-is-an-ambitious-man |title=Katju is an ambitious man |author=Nora Chopra |date=12 January 2013 |newspaper=The Sunday Guardian }}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Katju married Girja (1913–1938), and after her death, Raj Kumari (1912–2006). His brother Brahma Nath was a Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court. His son [[Markandey Katju|Markandey]] became a Judge at the Supreme Court of India.<ref name="NC_SG_2013"/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Katju, Shiva Nath}}
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1952–1957]]
[[Category:Members of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Judges of the Allahabad High Court]]
[[Category:People from Jaora]]
[[Category:Kashmiri Pandits]]
[[Category:Kashmiri Hindus]]
[[Category:Vishva Hindu Parishad members]]
[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:1996 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]

Shiva Nath Katju - Revision history

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