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{{Short description|Rao of Sikar from 1721 to 1748}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}
{{infobox royalty
| name = Shiv Singh
| succession = [[Rao (title)|Rao]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]]
| reign = 1721 – 1748
| predecessor = [[Dowlat Singh|Daulat Singh]]
| successor = [[Samrath Singh of Sikar|Samrath Singh]]
| death_date = 1748
| issue = {{plainlist|
* [[Samrath Singh of Sikar|Samrath Singh]]
* [[Chand Singh of Sikar|Chand Singh]]
* Kirat Singh
* Medh Singh
* Budh Singh
* Suraj Kumari
}}
| house = [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]]
| father = [[Dowlat Singh|Daulat Singh]]
| dynasty = [[Shekhawat]]
}}
'''Shiv Singh''' (or '''Sheo Singh''') was the [[Rao (title)|Rao]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]] from 1721 until his death in 1748, an area within [[Rajputana]].

== Reign ==
In 1721, upon the death of his father, [[Dowlat Singh|Daulat Singh]], he succeeded him as [[Rao (title)|Rao]] of [[Sikar]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Dundlod |first=Harnath Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6T1XAAAAMAAJ |title=The Sheikhawats & Their Lands |date=1970 |publisher=Raj Educational Printers |pages=63–65 |language=en}}</ref> His father began constructing the fort and palace at [[Sikar]] during his lifetime but died before they were completed.<ref name=":2" /> Shiv oversaw their completion.<ref name=":2" /> He built a defensive wall around the town of [[Sikar]] and fortified it.<ref name=":2" /> He erected the temple of Gopinathji.<ref name=":2" /> He also built a [[Shiva]] temple near the [[Harshnath Temple|Harshnath temple]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=RajRAS |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bdbHDwAAQBAJ |title=Art Architecture & Culture of Rajasthan |date=2018-03-02 |publisher=RajRAS |pages=91 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Khan |first=Aakib |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9sxEAAAQBAJ |title=Complete Rajasthan GK (English) |publisher=SI Publication |pages=102 |language=en}}</ref> Soon after, a Seth from Agra was looted by robbers who carried away all his silver.<ref name=":2" /> Sardar Singh of Kasli sent a false report to the [[Mughal emperor|Delhi]] authorities claiming that it was done by Shiv Singh.<ref name=":2" /> To recover the booty and dismantle the fort and defense wall of [[Sikar]], the [[Mughal emperor|Delhi]] authorities sent an army under the command of Jannisbar Khan.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Seeing this, he requested [[Sawai Jai Singh|Jai Singh II]] to intervene, and using his influence, [[Sawai Jai Singh|Jai Singh]] sent Khan back to [[Delhi]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> He annexed [[Fatehpur, Rajasthan|Fatehpur]] in [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]] following his victory in the war against the Qaimkhanis.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> Over the years, the Mughal Empire was weakening, and the Marathas were rising in power.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Meharda |first=B. L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=90ZuAAAAMAAJ |title=Territory, Polity, and Status: A Study of Shekhawats |date=2006 |publisher=Rawat Publications |isbn=978-81-7033-887-1 |pages=122 |language=en}}</ref> Seeing this, and knowing that Shekhawati was always on the verge of attacks, it became necessary to have a powerful ally to rely on in times of war and conflict.<ref name=":3" /> He met [[Sawai Jai Singh|Jai Singh]], his kin, a powerful ruler who held considerable influence.<ref name=":0" /> This meeting took place at [[Mauzmabad]], where Shiv accepted [[Sawai Jai Singh|Jai]] suzerainty and became a tributary of [[Kingdom of Amber|Jaipur]].<ref name=":0" />

== Personal life ==

=== Marriage ===
He had four wives.<ref name=":0" /> He married first Mertaniji from [[Maroth, Rajasthan|Maroth]].<ref name=":0" /> His second wife Champawatji was from Pali.<ref name=":0" /> His third wife also a Mertaniji was from Loonwa.<ref name=":0" /> His fourth wife was Bidawatji from Dantru.<ref name=":0" />

=== Children ===
He was the father of five sons and a daughter.<ref name=":0" /> They were:

'''By his first wife, he had one son and one daughter:'''

* [[Samrath Singh of Sikar|Samrath Singh]]<ref name=":0" />
* Suraj Kumari who was married to Umaid Singh, [[Rajadhiraja|Rajadhiraj]] of [[Shahpura state|Shahpura]].<ref name=":2" />

'''By his second wife, he had two sons:'''

* Kirat Singh.<ref name=":0" /> He had a son:
** Padam Singh, born posthumously.<ref name=":0" />
* Medh Singh.<ref name=":0" /> He had a son:
** Bhao Singh, born posthumously.<ref name=":0" />
Both Kirat and Medh were killed by their brother [[Samrath Singh of Sikar|Samrath Singh]] at [[Fatehpur, Rajasthan|Fatehpur]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Hooja |first=Rima |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ |title=A History of Rajasthan |date=2006 |publisher=Rupa & Company |isbn=978-81-291-0890-6 |pages=693 |language=en}}</ref> This left Shiv Singh heartbroken, and he never returned to [[Sikar]] or [[Fatehpur, Rajasthan|Fatehpur]] afterward.<ref name=":1" /> When their mother learned of their killing, she wore white, the color worn in mourning, and took her daughters-in-law and left [[Sikar]].<ref name=":0" /> When their father, Shiv, came to know of this episode, he arrived just in time from [[Jaipur]] and convinced his wife not to go to her paternal home but to stay at Patoda.<ref name=":0" /> He sent his daughter-in-laws to their homes.<ref name=":0" /> And that's where, in time, they both gave birth to sons.<ref name=":0" />

'''By his third wife, he had two sons:'''
* [[Chand Singh of Sikar|Chand Singh]]<ref name=":0" />
* Budh Singh<ref name=":0" />

== Death ==
Following the death of [[Sawai Jai Singh|Jai Singh]], the [[Battle of Bagru]] ensued between [[Madho Singh I|Madho Singh]] and [[Ishwari Singh of Jaipur|Ishwari Singh]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gupta |first=R. K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DLQeSBLpUwsC |title=Studies In Indian History: Rajasthan Through The Ages The Heritage Of Rajputs (Set Of 5 Vols.) |last2=Bakshi |first2=S. R. |date=2008 |publisher=Sarup & Sons |isbn=978-81-7625-841-8 |pages=187 |language=en}}</ref> He participated in the battle and received a serious wound while fighting against the [[Maratha Confederacy|Marathas]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jain |first=kesharlal Ajmera |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.66091/ |title=The Jaipur Album Or All About Jaipur |date=1935 |pages=50}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.536468/ |title=Batra H. C. |date=1958 |publisher=S. Chand and Co. |pages=9}}</ref> [[Ishwari Singh of Jaipur|Ishwari Singh]] made prompt arrangements for his treatment and visited him daily.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Sinh |first=Ranbir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EduAAAAMAAJ |title=History of Shekhawats |date=2001 |publisher=Publication Scheme |isbn=978-81-86782-74-3 |pages=141–144, 195 |language=en}}</ref> His son [[Chand Singh of Sikar|Chand Singh]] stayed with him and took care of him.<ref name=":0" /> At first, he was recovering, but later his illness worsened, and he died in 1748.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:1748 deaths]]
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
[[Category:People from Sikar]]

[[Category:Maharajas in Rajputana]]

Shiv Singh of Sikar - Revision history

Mohamedmeera29: created biography