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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| succession = Founder of [[Shishunaga dynasty]]
| reign = {{circa|413|395 BCE}}
| predecessor = [[Nāgadāsaka]] (of [[Haryanka dynasty]])
| successor = [[Kalashoka]] (Kakavarna)
| issue = [[Kalashoka]]
| dynasty = [[Shishunaga dynasty|Shishunaga]]
}}
'''Shishunaga''' ([[IAST]]: Śiśunāga, or Shusunaga) (c. 413 – 395 BCE) was the founder of the [[Shishunaga dynasty]] of the [[Magadha|Magadha Empire]] in the present day northern [[India]]. Initially, he was an ''amatya'' (official) of the Magadha empire under the [[Haryanka dynasty]]. He was placed on the throne by the people who revolted against the Haryanka dynasty rule. The [[Puranas]] tell us that he placed his son at [[Varanasi]] and himself ruled from Girivraja ([[Rajgir|Rajagriha]]). He was succeeded by his son Kalashoka (Kakavarna).

==Early life==
According to the ''Mahavamsatika'', Shishunaga was a son of a [[Licchavi (clan)|Licchavi]] ruler of [[Vaishali (ancient city)|Vaishali]].{{sfn|Upinder Singh|2016|p=272}} He was conceived by a ''nagara-shobhini'' and brought up an officer of state. At the time of the revolt, he was a viceroy at [[Varanasi]] of king [[Nagadasaka]], the last ruler of the Haryanka dynasty.{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|1972|pp=193–5}}

==Reign==
Shishunaga ruled from 413 BCE to 395 BCE.{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|1972|p=201}}{{sfn|Thapar|1990|p=}} Initially, his capital was Rajagriha and [[Vaishali (ancient city)|Vaishali]] was his second royal residence. Later he shifted his capital to Vaishali. He conquered [[Avanti (Ancient India)|Avanti kingdom]] by defeating Nandivardhana or Avantivardhana, the last king of [[Pradyota dynasty]].{{sfn|Kailash Chand Jain|1972|p=103}} The Magadhan victory must have been helped by the revolution that placed Aryaka on the thone of [[Ujjain|Ujjayini]].{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|1972|pp=193–5}}

The [[Puranas]] tell us that he placed his son at [[Varanasi]] and himself ruled from Girivraja ([[Rajgir|Rajagriha]]).{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|1972|p=193}}{{sfn|Mahajan|2007|pp=250–1}}

==Expansion==
He destroyed [[Pradyota dynasty]] of [[Avanti (Ancient India)|Avanti]] and conquered kingdoms of [[Kosala]] and [[Vatsa]].{{sfn|Upinder Singh|2016|p=272}}

==Successor==
He was succeeded by his son [[Kalashoka]] ([[Kakavarna]]).{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|1972|pp=193–5}}{{sfn|Upinder Singh|2016|p=272}}

==See also==
*[[Avanti-Magadhan Wars]]

==References==

===Citations===
{{reflist|30em}}

===Sources===
* {{citation |last=Jain |first=Kailash Chand |author-link=Kailash Chand Jain |title=Malwa Through the Ages |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_3O7q7cU7k0C |date=1972 |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |edition=First |isbn=978-81-208-0805-8 |ref={{sfnref|Kailash Chand Jain|1972}} }}
* {{citation
| surname1 = Mahajan
| given1 = V.D.
| orig-year = 1960| year = 2007
| title = Ancient India
| publisher = New Delhi: S. Chand
| isbn = 81-219-0887-6
}}
* {{citation |last=Raychaudhuri |first=H.C. |author-link=H.C. Raychaudhuri |date=1972 |title=Political History of Ancient India |url=https://archive.org/details/politicalhistory00raycuoft |publisher=[[University of Calcutta]] |location=[[Calcutta]] }}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Upinder |author-link=Upinder Singh |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq2iCwAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Pearson Education]] |date=2016 |isbn=978-93-325-6996-6 |ref={{sfnref|Upinder Singh|2016}} }}
* {{citation |last=Thapar |first=Romila |author-link=Romila Thapar |title=A History of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1Y02AiEu1kcC |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |volume=1 |date=1990 |orig-year=1966 |isbn=978-0-14-194976-5 }}

[[Category:Mahajanapadas]]
[[Category:4th-century BC Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Kings of Magadha]]

{{India-hist-stub}}
{{India-royal-stub}}

Shishunaga - Revision history

imported>Behera Sahab: Reverted 2 edits by 117.96.6.25 (talk): To last version by Monkbot

>Monkbot: Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 5 templates: hyphenate params (5×);