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{{About|the municipality in India|its namesake district|Shimoga district}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Shimoga
| official_name = Shivamogga
| other_name = 
| settlement_type = [[City Corporation]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage|position=centre
|photo1a = Indian Lion at Tyavarekoppa Tiger and Lion Reserve, Karnataka, India.jpg
|photo2a = Shivappanayaka.jpg
|photo2b = Sculpture of Mahishasura Mardhini dated to the 12th century.JPG
|photo4a = Shivappa Nayaka Palace and garden.JPG
|size = 160
|spacing = 2
|color = #FFFFFF
|border = 0
|foot_montage = {{nobreak|Images, from top down, left right}}<br/>{{nobreak|Indian lion in the Tyavarekoppa Tiger and Lion Reserve}}<br/>{{nobreak|Statue of Keladi Shivappa Nayaka}}<br/>{{nobreak|Sculpture of Mahishasura Mardhini}}<br/>{{nobreak|Shivappa Nayaka palace}}}}
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| coordinates = {{coord|13|56|N|75|34|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Shimoga district|Shimoga]]
| subdivision_type3 = Region
| subdivision_name3 = [[Malenadu]]
| government_type = City Corporation
| governing_body = Shivamogga Mahanagara Palike
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| area_total_km2 = 70.01
| elevation_m = 569
| population_total = 322650
| population_metro =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank = 10th (Karnataka)
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 577201 - 577205
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = [[Telephone numbers in India|91-(0)8182-XXXXXX]]
| registration_plate = KA-14
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]]
| website = {{URL|www.shimogacity.gov.in/}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KA]]
}}

'''Shimoga''', officially known as '''Shivamogga''',<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bangalore-becomes-bengaluru-11-other-cities-renamed/articleshow/45002333.cms|title=Bangalore becomes 'Bengaluru'; 11 other cities renamed|work=[[The Economic Times]]|agency=PTI|date=1 November 2014|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> is a city and the district headquarters of [[Shimoga district]] in the central part of the state of [[Karnataka]], India. The city lies on the banks of the [[Tunga River]]. Being the gateway for the hilly region of the [[Western Ghats]], the city is popularly nicknamed as "Gateway of [[Malenadu|Malnad]]"<ref>{{cite news |title=85 per cent unused funds leaves Shivamogga scruffy |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2018/may/06/85-per-cent-unused-funds-leaves-shivamogga-scruffy-1810855.html |access-date=23 February 2021 |work=The New Indian Express |date=6 May 2018}}</ref> (ಮಲೆನಾಡಿನ ಹೆಬ್ಬಾಗಿಲು). The population of Shimoga city is 322,650 as per 2011 census.<ref name="Census2011Gov"/> The city has been selected for the Smart Cities project, standing in the fourth position in the state and 25th in the country as of November 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=Push to complete Smart City project works on time |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/push-to-complete-smart-city-project-works-on-time/article33164580.ece |access-date=12 February 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=24 November 2020 |language=en-IN}}</ref>

The city is 569 m above sea level and is surrounded by lush green paddy fields, arecanut and coconut groves. It is located 267 km from the state capital [[Bangalore]] and 195 km from the port city [[Mangalore]]<ref name="karnataka.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.karnataka.com/shimoga/about-shimoga/|title=Shimoga {{!}} Shivamogga {{!}} Sightseeing Shimoga {{!}} Wildlife Shimoga|date=18 August 2016|website=Karnataka.com|language=en-US|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref>

==History==
The name of the city is derived from the term "''shivmoga''". A version of etymology is due to the story that Lord [[Shiva]] drank the [[Tunga River|Tunga river]] water using "''Mogge''", hence the name Shiva-mogga". Another version of etymology is that the name is derived from the term "''Sihi-Mogge''", meaning "sweet pot".<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Shivamogga |url=https://shimoga.nic.in/en/history/ |website=Shivamogga District |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India |access-date=8 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804162908/https://shimoga.nic.in/en/history/ |archive-date=4 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

The district formed the southern tip of the Emperor [[Ashoka]]'s [[Maurya]]n Empire in the third century BC.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} It was ruled during later centuries by the [[Kadamba dynasty|Kadamba]]s (4th century), [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukyas]] (6th century), [[Western Ganga dynasty|Western Ganga]], [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakutas]] (8th century), [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysalas]] (11th century), and the [[Vijayanagara]] rulers (15th century). The city got an independent identity under the [[Keladi Nayaka]]s' rule during the 16th century{{citation needed|date=July 2012}}. From the late 17th century, the city had been a part of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] until the independence of [[India]] in 1947, when the Mysore state merged into the Republic of India.

During the Satyagraha movement, Mahatma Gandhi also visited the place to instigate the fight for national freedom.<ref name="karnataka.com"/>

On 1 November 2006, the government of Karnataka announced the renaming of Shimoga to "Shivamogga", along with nine other cities in the state. The central government approved (12 cities) the request in the October 2014 and the city was renamed on 1 November 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bangalore, Mysore, Other Karnataka Cities to be Renamed on 1 November|work=[[International Business Times]]|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/bangalore-mysore-other-karnataka-cities-be-renamed-1-november-611683|date=18 October 2014|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Centre nod for Karnataka's proposal on renaming cities|author= K. Jeevan Chinnappa|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/centre-nod-for-karnatakas-proposal-on-renaming-cities/article6514079.ece|work=The Hindu|date=18 October 2014|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Its-Bengaluru-for-Pranab/articleshow/4746303.cms|work=The Times of India|title=It's Bengaluru for Pranab|date=7 July 2009|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Nagesh Prabhu|title=New name for cities|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/from-bangalore-to-bengaluru/article6553314.ece|access-date=18 July 2018|work=The Hindu}}</ref>

==Education==
Shimoga is one of the important centers for the high school and the pre-university education in [[Karnataka]]. Notable institutes in Shimoga for pre-university (PU) education include: [[Sri Aurobindo PU College]] and [[PACE PU College]].

The village of [[Gajanur, Shimoga|Gajanur]] hosts a [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]] (central school) which is a [[boarding school]]. [[Kuvempu University]] is located in Shankarghatta, at a distance of 20 km from Shimoga.

[[Shimoga Institute of Medical Sciences]] is the medical sciences college at Shimoga and managed by Government Departments. Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences is located at Purale.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smcshimoga.com/contact-us.php|publisher=Subbaiah Institute of Medical Science|title=Contact Us|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> It also has two engineering colleges, [[Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering]] and [[PES Institute of Technology and Management]].

==Demographics==
As of [[2011 Indian Census]], Shimoga had a total population of 322,650, of which 162,018 were males and 160,632 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 32,691. The total number of literates in Shimoga was 254,531, which constituted 78.9% of the population with male literacy of 81.4% and female literacy of 76.3%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Shimoga was 87.8%, of which male literacy rate was 90.8% and female literacy rate was 84.8%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 40,737 and 9,192 respectively. Shimoga had 76009 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Shimoga |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=692366 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |access-date=5 December 2019}}</ref>

[[Kannada]] is the most widely spoken language in Shimoga.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=18 July 2018|url=http://www.shivamoggaonline.in/city-guide/culture-of-shimoga|title=culture of shivamogga|publisher=shivamoggaonline.in}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the Shimoga City Municipal Corporation,<ref>{{cite web|title=Shimoga Municipal corporation|url=http://www.shimogacity.gov.in/|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> the city has a total area of about {{convert|50|km2|sqmi}}. Most/all these hills are part of the [[Western Ghats]], a region known for plentiful rainfall and lush greenery and declared during 2012 as a [[World Heritage]] site. [[Tunga River]] flows through Shimoga.

=== Climate ===
The climate is tropical wet and dry ([[Köppen climate classification]]) summer average temperature {{convert|20|-|35|°C|F}}. This means that the winter and the early part of summer are typically dry periods. The majority of the rainfall occurs between June and early October. Shimoga is a part of a region known as [[Malnad]] (land of hills) in Karnataka. Yearly, the rainfall aggregates up to 3295mm of precipitation.<ref name="d.o.o">{{Cite web|url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/shimoga-climate|title=Shimoga, India - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast|last=d.o.o|first=Yu Media Group|website=Weather Atlas|language=en|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref> January and February are the driest months, July the wettest, and April is the warmest month with an average high temperature of 35.5 degrees Celsius (95.9 degrees F).Coldest months of Shimoga are July, August, November and December with average high temperature of 27 degrees Celsius (80.6 degrees F).<ref name="d.o.o"/> In summer (April–May), temperature crosses 36 °C at Shimoga.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldweatheronline.com/v2/weather-averages.aspx?locid=1132489&root_id=1104737&wc=local_weather&map=~/shimoga-weather-averages/karnataka/in.aspx|title=Shimoga weather|publisher=World Weather Online|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = Shimoga (1981–2010, extremes 1950–2005)
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 35.0
| Feb record high C = 38.8
| Mar record high C = 41.4
| Apr record high C = 39.7
| May record high C = 44.0
| Jun record high C = 40.0
| Jul record high C = 34.7
| Aug record high C = 35.0
| Sep record high C = 38.0
| Oct record high C = 35.0
| Nov record high C = 34.4
| Dec record high C = 34.0
| year record high C = 44.0
| Jan high C = 31.5
| Feb high C = 33.6
| Mar high C = 36.0
| Apr high C = 36.4
| May high C = 34.9
| Jun high C = 30.1
| Jul high C = 28.2
| Aug high C = 27.8
| Sep high C = 29.6
| Oct high C = 30.4
| Nov high C = 30.1
| Dec high C = 30.0
| year high C = 31.6
| Jan low C = 15.3
| Feb low C = 16.5
| Mar low C = 19.5
| Apr low C = 21.5
| May low C = 22.2
| Jun low C = 21.5
| Jul low C = 20.9
| Aug low C = 20.5
| Sep low C = 20.3
| Oct low C = 20.2
| Nov low C = 18.2
| Dec low C = 15.8
| year low C = 19.3
| Jan record low C = 6.5
| Feb record low C = 9.0
| Mar record low C = 11.7
| Apr record low C = 11.5
| May record low C = 15.0
| Jun record low C = 16.0
| Jul record low C = 15.7
| Aug record low C = 13.0
| Sep record low C = 11.5
| Oct record low C = 11.7
| Nov record low C = 8.0
| Dec record low C = 6.0
| year record low C = 6.0
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 0.2
| Feb rain mm = 0.3
| Mar rain mm = 5.9
| Apr rain mm = 34.8
| May rain mm = 41.1
| Jun rain mm = 109.0
| Jul rain mm = 158.2
| Aug rain mm = 129.0
| Sep rain mm = 70.8
| Oct rain mm = 140.4
| Nov rain mm = 30.4
| Dec rain mm = 11.2
| year rain mm = 731.1
| Jan rain days = 0.0
| Feb rain days = 0.1
| Mar rain days = 0.4
| Apr rain days = 2.4
| May rain days = 3.2
| Jun rain days = 8.4
| Jul rain days = 11.9
| Aug rain days = 12.7
| Sep rain days = 5.3
| Oct rain days = 6.3
| Nov rain days = 1.9
| Dec rain days = 0.7
| year rain days = 53.3
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 42
| Feb humidity = 40
| Mar humidity = 36
| Apr humidity = 43
| May humidity = 53
| Jun humidity = 74
| Jul humidity = 78
| Aug humidity = 79
| Sep humidity = 73
| Oct humidity = 69
| Nov humidity = 59
| Dec humidity = 48
|year humidity = 58
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Shimoga Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 705–706
| access-date = 19 April 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M103
| access-date = 19 April 2020}}</ref>
}}

== Civic administration ==
Shimoga is governed by a Municipal Corporation called the Shivamogga City Corporation. The total area under it is {{cvt|70.01|km2}}, with a population of 322,650 (Census 2011).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://shivamoggacitycorp.org/|title=Shivamogga City Corporation|website=shivamoggacitycorp.org|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref> Shimoga has been selected under the Smart Cities Mission of the Indian Government under Round 2 of selections.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://smartcities.gov.in/content/innerpage/city-wise-projects-under-smart-cities-mission.php|title=City Wise Projects under Smart Cities Mission :: SMART CITIES MISSION, Government of India|website=smartcities.gov.in|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref> Shimoga was upgraded to a Municipal Corporation from a Municipal Council in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/tumkur-shimoga-and-bijapur-cities-to-be-upgraded-as-municipal-corporations/article5085415.ece|title=Tumkur, Shimoga and Bijapur cities to be upgraded as Municipal Corporations|date=2 September 2013|work=The Hindu|access-date=10 April 2020|others=Special Correspondent|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The latest Mayoral elections of Shimoga City Corporation were held in January 2020 in which BJP leader Suvarna Shankar was elected the Mayor and Surekha Muralidhar was elected as the Deputy Mayor. Since they were elected by elected representatives belonging to their party, we can say that the corporation has direct elections.<ref name="Reporter">{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/bjp-candidates-elected-mayor-deputy-mayor/article30683514.ece|title=BJP candidates elected Mayor, Deputy Mayor|date=29 January 2020|work=The Hindu|access-date=10 April 2020|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The Corporation has a Council of 35 elected members.<ref name="Reporter"/> In 2018, Smt. Charulatha Somal took charge as the Municipal Commissioner of Shimoga City Corporation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newskarnataka.com/shimoga/charulatha-somal-takes-charge-as-commissioner-of-shimoga-city-corporation|title=Charulatha Somal takes charge as Commissioner of Shimoga City Corporation|last=NewsKarnataka|website=NewsKarnataka|language=en|access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref>

==Economy ==
[[File:R M C Yard, Shimoga.JPG|thumb|200px|RMC Yard, Shimoga]]
APMC of Shimoga is main marketing point of arecanut, the major commercial crop grown in the district and well as in neighbouring districts like Uttara Kannada. Shimoga has the biggest [[areca nut]] market, and known for procuring high quality areca nuts. Other agricultural produces like rice, chili, coconut etc. are also marketed in APMC.

Shimoga IT Park is an information technology hub built just outside Shimoga near the upcoming [[Shimoga Airport]]. The IT Park consists of a 100000 sq ft office building with 24/7 electrical capacity, diesel backup generators, and high speed T1 data connections for use by IT industries such as data centres, call centres, aerospace, robotics, etc.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/Two-years-on-Shimoga-Information-Technology-Park-awaits-entrepreneurs/article11623716.ece|title=Two years on, Shimoga Information Technology Park awaits entrepreneurs|author=Veerendra P. M.|date=26 May 2014|work=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Transportation ==
[[File:Ksrtcshimoga.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation|KSRTC]] Bus Stand]]
Shimoga is well connected by road to major cities like [[Bangalore]], [[Mangalore]], [[Hubli]]. Two major National Highways pass through the City.

The city has two railway stations, and there are trains that run to and from Bangalore, [[Mysore]], [[Tirupati]] and [[Chennai]].

[[Shimoga Airport]] is under construction in Sogane, 6 km south of Shimoga.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/airport-at-shimoga-likely-to-come-up-at-sogane/article3144423.ece|title=Airport at Shimoga likely to come up at Sogane|date=8 April 2006|work=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The nearest international airports are [[Kempegowda International Airport]] and [[Mangalore International Airport]].

==Notable people==
{{see also|Shimoga district#Notable people}}


*[[Sarekoppa Bangarappa]], former Chief Minister of Karnataka
*[[K. S. Eshwarappa]], Minister of rural development department and former Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka
*[[Kuvempu]], a National poet, Jnanapeetha winner
*[[Shekhar Naik]], a former captain of the Indian blind cricket team
*[[D. H. Shankaramurthy]], Former Chairman of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly
*[[Khadi Shankarappa]], a freedom fighter
*[[Shimoga Subbanna]], a playback singer
*[[Sudeep]], an actor and director in Indian cinema
*[[Archana Udupa]] , Indian playback singer
*[[B. S. Yediyurappa]], 19th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]]



==See also==
*[[Alada Halli, Shimoga]]
*[[Tumkur]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Shimoga}}
{{wikivoyage|Shimoga}}
*[http://www.shimoga.nic.in/zpshimoga/ Shimoga Zilla Panchayat]
*[http://shimoga.nic.in/ Shimoga Profile]
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/india/nd-43-11.jpg U.S. Army Corps of Engineers detailed map of Shimoga district 1959]
*[http://www.shimogacity.gov.in/ Shimoga City Website]
*[http://www.goodwillinfomedia.in/shimoga/web-design-company-shimoga.html Shimoga IT Company Goodwill Infomedia]

{{Shivamogga topics}}

[[Category:Shimoga| ]]
[[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007]]
[[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Shimoga district]]
[[Category:Cities in Karnataka]]

Shimoga - Revision history

WikiDwarfBOT: Cleanup: Source modification. Information added.

imported>Oshwah: Reverted edits by 14.139.159.34 (talk) (HG) (3.4.10)