imported>YSSYguy: /* top */

2021-03-05T02:33:13Z

top

New page

{{Infobox river
| name = Shetrunji
| name_native =
| name_native_lang =
| name_other =
| name_etymology =

| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| map =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_size =
| pushpin_map_caption=

| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = India
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| subdivision_type5 =
| subdivision_name5 =

| length = {{convert|277|km|abbr=on}}
| width_min =
| width_avg =
| width_max =
| depth_min =
| depth_avg =
| depth_max =
| discharge1_location=
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg =
| discharge1_max =
| discharge2_location= [[Arabian Sea]]
| discharge2_min =
| discharge2_avg =
| discharge2_max =

| source1 =
| source1_location = Gir Jungle, near Dalkahwa, [[Amreli district|Amreli]], [[Gujarat]]
| source1_coordinates=
| source1_elevation =
| mouth =
| mouth_location = [[Arabian Sea]], India
| mouth_coordinates =
| mouth_elevation =
| progression =
| river_system =
| basin_size = {{convert|5636|km2}}
| tributaries_left = Satali, Thebi, Gagario, Rajaval, Kharo
| tributaries_right = Shel, Khari, Talaji
| custom_label =
| custom_data =
| extra =
}}

'''Shetrunji River''' (alternate: '''Satrunji''') is an eastward-flowing river in [[Gujarat]], in western India.

==Geography==
It rises northeast of the Gir Hills, near [[Dhari, Gujarat|Dhari]] in [[Amreli district]]. Its course begins east-northeast along a lineament which runs parallel to the Narmada Fault,<ref name="Bhattacharya1985">{{cite book|last=Bhattacharya|first=Anil Kumar|title=Proceedings of Indian Geological IVth Session Congress, Varanasi, 1982: a volume in honour of Prof. D.K. Chakravarti|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bF7wAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=22 December 2012|year=1985|publisher=Today & Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers|isbn=978-81-7019-270-1|page=187}}</ref> passes north of [[Palitana]]'s hills, [[Shatrunjaya]], then in a southeasterly direction past Talaja Hill, through a peninsula, before reaching the [[Gulf of Khambhat|Gulf of Cambay]], approximately {{convert|6|miles}} north of Goapnath Point.<ref name="Office1920">{{cite book|author=United States. Hydrographic Office|title=Publications, Issue 159|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xnUPAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA345|accessdate=22 December 2012|edition=Public domain|year=1920|pages=345–}}</ref><ref name="Chopra1992">{{cite book|last=Chopra|first=Pran Nath|title=Encyclopaedia of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c_NtAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=22 December 2012|year=1992|publisher=Rima Publishing House|page=105}}</ref> It has two mouths, one situated approximately {{convert|4.5|miles}} north of the point, and the other being an additional {{convert|1.5|miles}} to the north.<ref name="Office1976">{{cite book|author=United States. Naval Oceanographic Office|title=Sailing directions for the west coast of India: Includes Ceylon and Maldive, and Laccadive Islands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DdJHAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=22 December 2012|year=1976|page=132}}</ref> Situated {{convert|4.5|miles}} eastward of the river's mouth is Sultanpur Shoal.<ref name="Office1920" />

Shetrunji's basin has a maximum length of {{convert|227|km}}. The total catchment area of the basin is {{convert|5636|km2}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shetrunji River|url=http://guj-nwrws.gujarat.gov.in/showpage.aspx?contentid=1697&lang=English|publisher=guj-nwrws.gujarat.gov.in, [[Government of Gujarat]]|accessdate=13 March 2012}}</ref> Along with the Ghelo, Kalubhar, and the Vagad Rivers, the Shetrunji is a principal river of the district,<ref name="Gujarat2006">{{cite book|author=India. Director of Census Operations, Gujarat|title=Census of India, 2001: District Census Handbook. A & B. Village & town directory; Village panchayat & townwise primary census abstract 1-25 in 28 v.: [1] Ahmadabad (2 pts.)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mBFXAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=22 December 2012|year=2006|publisher=Controller of Publications|page=10}}</ref> and the second largest river in the region of [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]]. The brackish stream, Gagadio, joins the Shetrunji about {{convert|2|km}} from Krankach.<ref name="Gujarat1972">{{cite book|author=Gujarat (India)|title=Gujarat State Gazetteers: Surat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z61hAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=22 December 2012|year=1972|publisher=Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State|pages=10, 619}}</ref> Khodiyar Mata is an approximately {{convert|50|ft}} [[waterfall]] near Dhari. The topography is a mix of hills and plains.

==Features==
The Palitana dam was built in 1959 across the river at [[Nani-Rajasthali]] and represents Shetrunji's irrigation scheme.<ref name="JainAgarwal2007">{{cite book|last1=Jain|first1=S. Sharad Kumar|last2=Agarwal|first2=Pushpendra K.|last3=Singh|first3=V. Vijay P.|title=Hydrology and Water Resources of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&pg=PA750|accessdate=22 December 2012|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-5180-7|pages=750–}}</ref> This scheme is meant to provide river water to a cultivation area of {{convert|56000|-|86000|acres}} of land.<ref name="State Transport Review">{{cite book|title=State Transport Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WhPWAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=22 December 2012|volume=10|year=1959}}</ref> Shetrunji supplies drinking water to [[Bhavnagar]].<ref name="Mitra2005">{{cite book|last=Mitra|first=Sudipta|title=Gir Forest and the Saga of the Asiatic Lion|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J0rME6RjC1sC&pg=PA56|accessdate=22 December 2012|year=2005|publisher=Indus Publishing|isbn=978-81-7387-183-2|pages=56–}}</ref> A small port is located at [[Sultanpur, Gujarat|Sultanpur]].<ref name="Office1920" />

==Culture==
[[Palitana]] is situated near the river, serving as the base town for the hills of [[Shatrunjaya]] upon which are the [[Palitana temples]], an important place of worship for [[Jainism|Jains]].A group of [[Derasar|Derasars]] are located at the banks of the river near to the Shatrunjaya hills.

A [[mosque|masjid]] is situated between the Shetrunji and the [[Natadia River]], while a shrine of [[Khodiar Mata]] is situated within the Shetrunji's lower reaches.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} [[Middle Paleolithic|Middle]] to [[Upper Paleolithic|Upper Palaeolithic]] sites have been found along the river.<ref name="Memoirs2007">{{cite book|title=Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mx0eAQAAMAAJ|accessdate=26 December 2012|year=2007|publisher=order of the Governor-General of India|page=121}}</ref> Archaeological exploration along the river has noted 22 settlements which date circa 1st century BCE to 1st century CE. The sites included nine fishing villages, a mixed use fishing-agrarian village, a mixed use agrarian-salt-farming village, as well as a regional centre. Of these, Padri village dates to the Harappan period, while Hathab village was the largest in the lower river valley,<ref name="Ray2003">{{cite book|last=Ray|first=Himanshu Prabha|title=The Archaeology of Seafaring in Ancient South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHHzP4uVpn4C&pg=PA47|accessdate=22 December 2012|date=14 August 2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-01109-9|pages=47–}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{coord|21|19|N|72|07|E|display=title|region:IN_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}

[[Category:Rivers of Gujarat]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]

Shetrunji River - Revision history

imported>YSSYguy: /* top */