imported>Dl2000: en-IN

2019-12-11T03:10:08Z

en-IN

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox religious building
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]]
| image = File:Rear view of Shantinatha basadi at Jinanathapura.JPG
| alt =
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanaathapura
| map_type = India Karnataka#India
| map_alt = Karnataka
| map_size =
| map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12|51|40.9|N|76|29|11.6|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| established = 1200 A.D.
| deity = [[Shantinatha]]
| location = [[Hassan district]], [[Karnataka]]
| festivals = [[Mahavir Jayanti]]
| creator = [[Vishnuvardhana]]
}}
'''Shantinatha Basadi''' (or '''Shanteshvara basadi'''), a Jain temple dedicated to the sixteenth [[Tirthankar]] [[Shantinatha]] is located in the historically important temple town of Jinanathapura near [[Shravanabelagola]] (also spelt "Jainanathapura"). It is a village in Channarayapatna taluk in the [[Hassan district]] of [[Karnataka]] state, India.

== History ==
Jinanathapura was founded by Ganga Raja, a commander and an influential Jain patron in the early 12th century during the rule of the noted [[Hoysala]] King [[Vishnuvardhana]].<ref name="jaina">Delbonta in Hegewald (2011), p.120</ref> The Shantinatha Basadi (also spelt "basti") is a fine specimen of the [[Hoysala architecture|Hoysala style of architecture]] and was built around 1200 A.D. during the rule of King [[Veera Ballala II]]. According to the art historian Adam Hardy, the Basadi is a single shrine (''vimana'') construction with a closed ''[[mantapa]]'' and the building material used is [[Soap stone]].<ref name="stone">Hardy (1995), p.334</ref> The monument is protected by the Karnataka state division of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]].<ref name="protect">{{cite web |url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_protected_monu_karnataka.asp|title=Alphabetical List of Protected Monuments-List of State Protected|work=Archaeological Survey of India, Government of India|publisher=Indira Gandhi National Center for the Arts|accessdate=10 November 2014}}</ref>

==Temple plan==
[[File:Seated image of Shantinatha with old Kannada inscription on pedestal in Shantinatha Basadi.JPG|thumb|right|250px|upright|Seated image of Shantinatha with old Kannada inscription (1200 A.D.) engraved on the pedestal]]
The Shantinatha Basadi exhibits interesting departure from contemporary austere Jain temples (such as the [[Akkana Basadi]]) because of its rich and bold exterior panel relief, an idiom that was more common with the contemporary Hindu temples built by the Hoysala kings or by influential persons associated with the empire.<ref name="detail">Delbonta in Hegewald (2011), p.119, pp.124-125</ref> A Kannada language inscription on the pedestal of the seated image of the Shantinatha reveals the Basadi was built by Recana (also called Recimayya, Recarasa and Recaprabhu), a general and minister of the king Ballala II. It also gives some information about his Jain preceptors. Recana, who was earlier in the service of the [[Kalyani Chalukyas]] and later the [[Kalachuris of Kalyani|Southern Kalachuris]] appears to have transferred his loyalty to the Hoysala king. Inscriptions reveal that he built Jain temples at [[Lakkundi]] and [[Arasikere]] as well.<ref name="loyal">Delbonta in Hegewald (2011), p.121</ref>

The temple stands on a ''[[Jagati (temple)|jagati]]'' (platform) which is about a meter in height.<ref name="platform">Quote:"The Jagati serves the purpose of a ''pradakshinapatha'' (circumambulation) as the shrine has no such arrangement", Kamath (2001), p.135</ref> According to art historian Gerard Foekema, being a single ''vimana'' (shrine) construction it qualifies as a ''ekakuta'' plan (a tower called ''[[shikhara]]'' over one shrine).<ref name="taste">Foekema (1996), p.25</ref> The ceiling of the closed ''mantapa'' is supported by four lathe turned pillars. These are, according to art historian Percy Brown are key note Hoysala features.<ref name="brown">Brown in Kamath (1980), pp.134-135</ref> Despite the rich exterior decoration, the temple lacks the decorative bands of [[Molding (architecture)|molding]] [[frieze]] that encircle the temple on the base of the outer walls, a feature that is characteristic of Hoysala temples of the 12th and 13th centuries.<ref name="band">Delbonta in Hegewald (2011), p.124</ref> The interior walls of the Basadi is plain but the [[lintel]] decoration over the entrance to the sanctum is elaborate and consists of five Jainas (Jain monks), the central of which is a replica of the image of Shantinatha which sits on a seven sectioned throne inside the sanctum.<ref name="throne">Delbonta in Hegewald (2011), pp.122-123</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Rear view of Shantinatha basadi at Jinanathapura 1.JPG|Rear view of Shantinatha basadi at Jinanathapura
File:Closed mantapa with lathe turned pillars in Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura.JPG|Closed mantapa with lathe turned pillars in Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura
File:Bhandara Basadi at Jinanathapura.JPG|Bhandara Basadi near Shantinatha Basadi
File:Pillar art on lathe turned pillar in mantapa of Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura.JPG|Decorative Pillar art in mantapa of Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura
File:Shrine wall relief sculpture in Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura 1.JPG|Shrine wall relief sculpture in Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura
File:Shrine wall relief sculpture in Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura.JPG|Shrine wall relief sculpture in Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanathapura
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Akkana Basadi]]
* [[Shantinatha Basadi, Halebidu]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|30em}}

==References==
{{commons category}}
* Gerard Foekema, A Complete Guide to Hoysala Temples, Abhinav, 1996, New Delhi, {{ISBN|81-7017-345-0}}
* {{Cite book |last=Kamath |first=Suryanath U. |title=A concise history of Karnataka: from pre-historic times to the present |origyear=1980 |year=2001 |publisher=Jupiter books |location=Bangalore |oclc=7796041 |lccn=80905179}}
* Adam Hardy, Indian Temple Architecture: Form and Transformation : the Karṇāṭa Drāviḍa Tradition, 7th to 13th Centuries, Abhinav, 1995, New Delhi, {{ISBN|81-7017-312-4}}.
* {{cite book |last= Delbonta|first=Robert J|editor=Julia A.B. Hegewald|title=The Jaina Heritage Distinction, Decline and Resilience - Heidelberg Series in South Asian and Comparative Studies – Volume II, ©Subrata Mitra, |year= 2011|publisher=Samskriti|isbn=978-81-87374-67-1|chapter= The Shantinatha Basadi at Jinanathapura}}

{{Jain temples}}
{{Jainism topics}}

[[Category:Jain temples in Karnataka]]
[[Category:12th-century Jain temples]]

Shantinatha Basadi, Jinanathapura - Revision history

imported>Dl2000: en-IN