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{{short description|Indian-American statistician (1925–2002)}}
{{about|the statistician|the economist|Shanti Swarup Gupta (economist)}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name = Shanti S. Gupta
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1925|01|25}}
|birth_place = [[Saunasi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[British India]]
|death_date = {{Death date and age|2002|01|11|1925|01|25}}<ref>{{cite conference|first1= Marianne |last1= Gupta|first2=Maya|last2=Gupta|title= Memorial announcement|url= https://www.mcp-conference.org/2002/MCP2002abs/SSGupta.htm|book-title= The Third International Conference on Multiple Comparisons (MCP2002)|date= August 5–7, 2002|location= Bethesda, Maryland|publisher= MCP-Conference|access-date= 2026-04-02}}</ref>
|death_place = [[West Lafayette, Indiana]]
|field = [[Statistics]]
|work_institutions = [[Bell Labs]] [[Purdue University]]
|alma_mater=[[University of Delhi]] [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]]
|doctoral_advisor=[[Raj Chandra Bose]]
|thesis_title=On a Decision Rule for a Problem in Ranking Means
|doctoral_students = [[John J. Deely]] [[Raymond J. Carroll]] [[Roger Lee Berger]]
|known_for = Ranking and selection theory
|awards = [[Erskine Fellowship]] Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science|AAAS]] Fellow of the [[American Statistical Association|ASA]] Fellow of the [[Institute of Mathematical Statistics|IMS]] 
|module = {{infobox officeholder
|embed = yes
|office = President of [[Institute of Mathematical Statistics]]
|term_start = 1989
|term_end = 1990
| predecessor = [[Ramanathan Gnanadesikan]]
| successor = [[David O. Siegmund]]
}}{{Infobox officeholder
| embed = yes
| office = Head of the Department of Statistics, [[Purdue University]]
| term_start = 1968
| term_end = 1995
| predecessor = (none)
| successor = [[Mary Ellen Bock]]
}}
}}

'''Shanti Swarup Gupta''' (January 25, 1925 – January 11, 2002) was an Indian-American statistician who served as the founding head of the department of statistics at [[Purdue University]]. He is best known for his pioneering work in ranking and selection theory, a branch of statistics used to determine the "best" populations among a group of candidates.<ref name="IMS_Obit">{{cite journal |last= Berger|first= Jim|author-link=James O. Berger|date=May–June 2002 |title=Obituaries: Shanti S. Gupta |url=https://imstat.org/wp-content/uploads/Bulletin31_3.pdf |journal=IMS Bulletin |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=14 |publisher=[[Institute of Mathematical Statistics]] |access-date=2026-02-08}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Gupta was born in Saunasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. He attended the [[University of Delhi]] where he earned Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts degrees in mathematics in 1943 and 1946, respectively.<ref name="MacTutor">{{cite web |last=O'Connor |first=John J. |last2=Robertson |first2=Edmund F. |date=November 2006 |title=Shanti Swarup Gupta |url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Gupta/ |website=MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive |publisher=[[University of St Andrews]] |access-date=2026-02-08}}</ref> He then enrolled at the [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]], where he completed his Ph.D. in statistics in 1956 under the supervision of [[Raj Chandra Bose]].<ref name="Genealogy">{{cite web |title=Shanti Swarup Gupta |url=https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=24941 |website=[[Mathematics Genealogy Project]] |publisher=North Dakota State University |access-date=2026-02-08}}</ref> His dissertation, titled ''On a Decision Rule for a Problem in Ranking Means'', laid the groundwork for his future research in selection procedures.

==Career==
After briefly working at [[Bell Labs]], Gupta joined the faculty of [[Purdue University]] in 1962. At the time, statistics was part of the department of mathematics. In 1968, he became the founding head of Purdue's newly established department of statistics, a position he held until 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History - Department of Statistics - Purdue University |url=https://www.stat.purdue.edu/about/history/ |access-date=2026-02-08 |website=www.stat.purdue.edu}}</ref> During his tenure, he transformed the department into a globally recognized center for statistical research. He authored or co-authored over 200 research papers and several influential books, most notably the 1979 Wiley publication ''Multiple Decision Procedures: Theory and Methodology of Selecting and Ranking Populations''.<ref name="MacTutor" />

Shanti S. Gupta was a pivotal figure for the ''[[Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference]]'', serving as an editor from its founding in 1977, then later as editor-in-chief during the late 1990s up until late 2001.<ref name="JSPI_History">{{cite journal |last=Panchapakesan |first=Subrahmanian |title=Shanti Swarup Gupta: His life (1925–2002) and work |journal=Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference |date=July 2006 |volume=136 |issue=7 |pages=1986–1998 |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2005.08.042}}</ref>

==Professional honors==
Gupta was an active leader in the international statistics community. His contributions were recognized through several prestigious appointments, including:
* 1968: elected as Fellow of the [[Institute of Mathematical Statistics]], and from 1989 to 1990 its president.<ref name="IMS_Presidents">{{cite web |title=Past IMS Executive Committee Members |url=https://imstat.org/past-executive-committee-members/ |website=Institute of Mathematical Statistics |access-date=2026-02-08}}</ref>
* 1970: elected as Fellow of the [[American Statistical Association]].
* 1985: elected as Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].
* 1988: [[Erskine Fellowship]] at the [[University of Canterbury]].<ref name="StatSci_Gupta">{{cite journal |last=McDonald |first=Gary C. |title=A Conversation with Shanti Gupta |journal=Statistical Science |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=291–305 |date=August 1998 |url=https://projecteuclid.org/journals/statistical-science/volume-13/issue-3/A-conversation-with-Shanti-Gupta/10.1214/ss/1028905889.xml |access-date=2026-02-08 |publisher=Institute of Mathematical Statistics}}</ref><ref name="Canterbury_1988">{{cite web |title=University of Canterbury Chronicle |url=https://digitalvoyages.canterbury.ac.nz/omeka-s/files//original/c6ac7694bbbafbd735ad80b3f929cb28f5e87bc0.pdf |website=University of Canterbury Digital Voyages |page=4|quote=Two mathematicians, one an expert on chaos and dynamics and the other a statistician, will be visiting the Mathematics Department on Erskine Fellowships this year.|date=1988-02-05 |access-date=2026-02-08}}</ref>

==Legacy==
In honor of his contributions, Purdue University established the ''Shanti S. Gupta Distinguished Professorship'' in Statistics. He is credited with mentoring over 30 doctoral students, many of whom became prominent statisticians themselves.<ref name="Purdue_Bio">{{cite web |title=Shanti S. Gupta (1925-2002) |url=https://www.stat.purdue.edu/giving/celebrating.html |website=Purdue University Department of Statistics |access-date=2026-02-08}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.stat.purdue.edu/about/history/gupta-memorial.html Shanti S. Gupta Memorial Page] at Purdue University.
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gupta, Shanti S.}}
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:American statisticians]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Statistical Association]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Purdue University faculty]]

Shanti S. Gupta - Revision history

BernardoWebb158: Made New Stub First Draft