ClaudiaEncarnaci: adding new data w/ infobox

2026-04-08T11:57:48Z

adding new data w/ infobox

New page

{{short description|Form of the Hindu goddess Durga}}
{{Redirect|Santeri|the given name|Santeri (given name)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox deity
| type = Hindu
| image = Shantadurga in Mumbai.jpg
| caption = Shantadurga in the Shitaladevi temple complex in Mumbai
| name = Shantadurga
| Sanskrit_transliteration = {{IAST|Śāntādurgā}}
| mount = Lion
| affiliation = [[Parvati]] [[Amba (Mahabharata)|Amba]] [[Sati (Hindu goddess)|Sati]] [[Adishakti]] Santeri [[Durga]]
| abode = Keloshi Kavlem [[Shanta Durga Temple]]
| mantra =
| temple = Shree Shantadurga Temple Kavlem
| consort = [[Shiva]]
| festivals = Sharad Navratri, Vasant Panchami, Margashirsh Shuddha Panchami, Lalita Panchami, Magh Shuddha Panchami, Jatraustav
| other_names = Lalita, [[Rudrani]] [[Narayani (deity)|Narayani]], [[Maheshi]] [[Sharvani]] [[Bhawani]] [[Mrudani]] [[Saraswati]]
}}

'''Shantadurga''' ({{IAST|Śāntādurgā}}) is the most popular form of the Hindu goddess [[Durga]] revered in [[Goa]], India, as well some parts of [[Karnataka]]. She is a form of the ancient [[Mother goddess]] known as '''Santeri'''.<ref name=mitra>{{cite book|last1=Mitragotri|first1=Vithal Raghavendra|title=A socio-cultural history of Goa from the Bhojas to the Vijayanagara|date=1999|publisher=Institute Menezes Braganza|location=Panaji|page=139,175–180}}</ref> She is worshipped in almost all villages of Goa & Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra as an [[Ant colony|ant hill]]. This is seen in some temples dedicated to Shantadurga.<ref name=GHTND>{{cite book|last1=Gomes Pereira|first1=Rui|title=Goa: Hindu temples and deities(tranlslated from the original in Portuguese by Antonio Victor Couto)|date=1978|publisher=Pereira, 1978|pages=1–231}}</ref>

==Origins==
The second chapter of the [[Sanskrit]] ''{{IAST|Nāgavya Mahātmya}}'', ''{{IAST|Śāntādurgā prādurbhāvaḥ}}'', is a part of [[Sahyadrikhanda|Sahyādrikhaṇḍa]] which is the chapter of ''[[Skanda Purana]]'' gives detail about this.<ref name=shastri>Shastri, P. (1995) ''Introduction to the Puranas'', New Delhi: Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, pp.118-20</ref> Only the title of the chapter mentions the goddess Shantadurga and no where else is this epithet of the goddess mentioned. This section refers to a certain sage {{IAST|Śāntāmuni}}, a resident of [[Nagoa|Nagavya (modern Nagoa)]]. The goddess appeared before Shantamuni and hence she's known as Shantadurga. Durga is portrayed in her ferocious nature in many of the places,yet the adjective ''Shanta'' (peaceful) is found in almost all Namavalis of Durga.In verses 16,19,34 of Sahyadrikhanda, the goddess is called {{IAST|Śāntādevi}} (Shanta-devi). The verse 18 of this section mentions about the disappearance of the goddess into an ant hill.<ref name=sahya>{{cite book|last1=Gaitonde|first1=V.D.|title=Sahyadrikhanda (Skanda Purana), in Marathi Translated from Sanskrit|date=1972|publisher=Katyayani Publications|location=Mumbai|pages=254–257}}</ref> These ant hills symbolically represent goddess Shantadurga as well as goddess Santeri.

According to another lore, once there was a terrible war between the gods Shiva and [[Vishnu]] due to which the entire world was distressed. Hence the god [[Brahma]] prayed and implored [[Shakti]] (the Divine Mother) to intervene and stop the war. The Goddess held Shiva by one hand and Vishnu by the other hand and brought about reconciliation among them. This stopped the war and brought peace to the world. Such an idol of goddess is found in the [[garbhagriha|inner sanctum]] of [[Shanta Durga Temple]] of [[Kavale]].<ref name=dhume>{{cite book|last1=Sinai Dhume|first1=Anant Ramkrishna|title=The Cultural History of Goa from 10000 B.C.-1352 A.D.|publisher=Broadway book centre|location=Panaji|isbn=9788190571678|page=103|edition=second|year=2009}}</ref> The 17th-century [[Marathi language|Marathi]] ''{{IAST|Koṅkaṇa Mahātmya}}'' furnishes an exhaustive account of the conflict between the followers of the [[Vaisnavism]] (sect of Vishnu worshippers) and [[Shaivism]] (Shiva followers) in Goa. It is quite possible that, this lore of Shantadurga symbolically represents these sectarian conflicts.<ref name=mitra />

==Iconography==
Though in few shrines dedicated to Shantadurga, an ant hill is found inside the sanctum in place a stone, metal image of the deity or a [[Kalasha]] is consecrated. Especially in Kavale temple metal image of the deity which is four handed, is depicted holding two male figures (Vishnu and Shiva) in her lower hands and snakes in the upper hands.<ref name=kavle>{{cite web|title=Official website of Shri Shantadurga temple, Kavle|url=http://shreeshantadurga.com/history_devi.asp|website=shreeshantadurga.com|publisher=Shantadurga Saunsthan Kavle Goa|accessdate=4 April 2015|archive-date=9 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150409021158/http://shreeshantadurga.com/history_devi.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> Most of the Shantadurga temples have stone sculpture of [[Mahishasuramardini]] aspect of Shakti. Whereas some have stone or metal idol with four hands, sometimes seen holding any of the following: sword ({{IAST|Khaḍga}}), bowl of ambrosia ({{IAST|Pānapātra}}), a shield ({{IAST|Kheṭaka}}), [[trident]]({{IAST|Triśūla}}), hand kettle drum ({{IAST|Ḍamaru}}), lotus ({{IAST|Padma}}), and snakes ({{IAST|Nāga}}). The deity is also portrayed with her hands in [[Mudra|{{IAST|Abhaya Mudrā}} and {{IAST|varada|Mudrā}}]]. In rare cases a Kalasha is worshiped as a symbol of the deity (especially in Shantadurga Kumbharjuvekarin temple at Marcela, Goa). Few temples also worship ant hill alongside an image.<ref name=GHTND />

==Temples in Goa==
*Shri Shantadurga Temple at Kandoli(Candolim) Goa.
*[[Shanta Durga Temple|Shri Shantadurga Temple]] at [[Kavale]]<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Kunkalikarin at [[Fatorpa]]<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Fatarpekarin at Fatorpa<ref name=GHTND />
*Shri Shantadurga Khandparkarin at [[Khandepar]]<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Chamundeshwari Kudtari Mahamaya at Avedem, Quepem<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurna Kunkaliekarin at Kunkolie Ponda<ref name=GHTND />
*Shatadurga Kumbharjuvekarin at [[Mashel|Marcela]], Ponda<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Verlekarin at Marcela Ponda<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Talaulikarin at Marcela<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Mhapsekarin at Dhargal<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Sangodkarin at [[Sangolda]]<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga at Veroda<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Shankhavaleshvari at Veling, Gothan<ref name=GHTND />

*Shantadurga Ballikarin at Balli<ref name=GHTND />
*[[Shantadurga Kalangutkarin Temple]], Nanora, near Asnora<ref name=GHTND />
*Shantadurga Pilarnkarin Devasthan Narve Bicholim<ref name=GHTND />
*Shri Shantadurga Temp
le at Gaonkar Wada, Bicholim
*Shree Sateri Shantadurga Devasthan, Khandola Goa
*Shri Shantadurga Devasthan Vaghurme,Vaghurme-Vere,Ponda-Goa
*Shantadurga Temple at Mhapan, Vengurla<ref

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Hindu temples in Goa}}

[[Category:Hinduism in Goa]]
[[Category:Hindu goddesses]]
[[Category:Konkan]]

Shantadurga - Revision history

ClaudiaEncarnaci: adding new data w/ infobox