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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Shanno Khurana
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1927}}
| birth_place = [[Jodhpur]], Rajasthan
| genre = [[Hindustani classical music|Hindustani classical]]
| occupation = singer, composer
| years_active = (1940s –present)
}}
[[File:The President, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam presenting Padma Bhushan to Dr. (Smt.) Shanno Khurana, for her contribution in Hindustani Music, at investiture ceremony in New Delhi on March 29, 2006.jpg|thumb|President [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam|Kalam]] presenting [[Padma Bhushan]] to Shanno Khurana, for her contribution in Hindustani Music ]]
'''Shanno Khurana''' (born 1927) is a noted Indian classical vocalist and composer, from the [[Rampur-Sahaswan gharana]] of [[Hindustani classical music]]. A disciple of the doyen of the [[gharana]], Ustad [[Mushtaq Hussain Khan]] (d. 1964), she is known for performing rare [[bandish]] and [[raga|raag]], though her singing style includes genres like [[khayal]], [[tarana]], [[thumri]], [[dadra]], [[tappa]], to [[chaiti]] and [[bhajan]]. Born and brought up in [[Jodhpur]], she started singing on [[All India Radio]] in 1945 in [[Lahore]], later shifted to Delhi, where she continued her singing on All India Radio, Delhi and in concerts and music festivals. She also pursued music education, finally earning her M. Phil. and PhD in music from the [[Indira Kala Sangeet University|Kairagarh University]], and has undertakes extensive research on [[Music of Rajasthan|folk music of Rajasthan]].

She was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 1991, followed by the [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2006, the third highest civilian honour given by [[Government of India]].<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web | url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf | title=Padma Awards | publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India | date=2015 | access-date=July 21, 2015}}</ref> In 2002, she was conferred the [[List of Sangeet Natak Akademi fellows|Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship]], the highest honour in the performing arts conferred by the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi]], India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama.

==Early life and training==
Khurana was born and brought up in a [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]] family in [[Jodhpur]], Rajasthan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shanno Khurama |url=http://www.gharanafestival.com/sk.html |publisher=gharanfestival |access-date=29 May 2013}}</ref><ref name=tap/> Her family was mostly non-musicians, consisting of doctors, engineers, and people working in foreign services. But her interest in music grew in her early years, when she saw her brother learning from musicologist and vocalist Pandit Raghunath Rao Musalgaonkar, a disciple and nephew of Raja Bhaiya Poonchwale of [[Gwalior gharana]]. Her conservative family didn't allow girls to learn music, but when her father saw her listening intently to classical music on radio, he allowed her to start her musical training at age 12 under Musalgaonkar.<ref name=hin07>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2007/07/20/stories/2007072050150200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106020550/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2007/07/20/stories/2007072050150200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2012|author= Manjari Sinha|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|title=It's raining ragas |date=20 July 2007}}</ref><ref name=hin05/>

==Career==
Khurana was married at age 18, to a dentist with the [[Indian Air Force]] and shifted to [[Lahore]], though she continued singing at [[All India Radio]] (AIR), Lahore, starting in 1945.<ref name=sn/> After [[partition of India]], her family had to shift to Delhi, where her husband left Air Force and started his private practice. However, at the insistence of her husband, she started her ''[[riyaz]]'' once again, despite having two young children and an ailing mother-in-law. She practised with tabla maestro Pandit [[Chatur Lal]], which continued for the following 16 years, and soon singing on radio as well. Meanwhile, Nirmala Joshi, who was secretary of the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] at the time, invited her to teach classical music at her music school, Sangeet Bharati at Mandi House in Delhi.<ref name=hin07/><ref name=hinsand/><ref name=hin09>{{cite news |title=Finding her own voice|author=Gowri Ramnarayan |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/04/17/stories/2009041751100100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421195450/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/04/17/stories/2009041751100100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 April 2009 |date=17 April 2009 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=30 May 2013}}</ref>

Subsequently, she was introduced to her next teacher via her husband, when musicologist and chief producer at AIR, Delhi, [[Thakur Jaidev Singh]] happened to be his patient. Singh helped her get confidence as she started touring to Turkey, Iran, Greece and other areas as a part of cultural delegations sponsored by Government of India.<ref name=sn/> Besides performing at notable music festival across India through the 1960s and '70s, including Tansen Sammelan, Gwalior, Harvallabh Festival, [[Jalandhar]], and [[Swami Haridas Sangeet Sammelan]], Mumbai. He taught her the [[Thumri#Purab Ang|purab-ang Thumri]], and later insisted her on joining the [[Indira Kala Sangeet University]] at [[Khairagarh]], Madhya Pradesh, where eminent musicologist and teacher [[S. N. Ratanjankar]] who has remained principal of [[Bhatkhande Music Institute]], was the Vice-Chancellor at the time. Singh was her guide through her M. Phil and PhD in music, wherein she undertook an extensive study-tour of [[Rajasthan]], for her research on the [[Music of Rajasthan|folk music traditions]] of Rajasthan, [[tappa]] and folk songs.<ref name=sn>{{cite journal |author=Sangeet Natak Akademi|title=Dr. Shanno Khurana |journal=Sangeet Natak |year=1969 |issue= 11–14 |pages= 74, 86|publisher=Sangeet Natak Akademi }}</ref> For the next three years, travelled back and forth from Delhi, but managed to complete her education. She went on to training under V. R. Athawale of [[Gwalior Gharana]] and S. N. Ratanjankar of [[Agra gharana]], both of whom taught her rare [[ragas]], further expanding her repertoire. Finally, at the request of Singh, she trained under the doyen of Rampur-Sasawan gharana, singer Ustad Mushtaq Hussain Khan,<ref>[[#Mu|Mukherji, p. 134]]</ref> who was then teaching at the [[Bharatiya Kala Kendra]] in Delhi. However, Mushtaq Hussain first tested her skills for over five months, finally one day when she successfully sang Raag ''[[Kanada (raga group)|Nayaki-Kanada]]'', he took her on formally as a student, via the ganda-bandh ceremony. After his untimely death in 1964, she continued her training under his son, the Ustad Ishtiaq Hussain Khan. This extensive and varied training helped her expand her musical repertoire to include rare raagas and [[bandish]], besides [[khayal]], tarana, thumri, dadra, chaiti and bhajan, besides ''[[tappa]]s'' and ''jangra'', a folk form of Rajasthan.<ref name=tap/><ref>{{cite news |title=A beautiful blend|author=Manjari Sinha |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/09/12/stories/2008091250060200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915011300/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/09/12/stories/2008091250060200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 September 2008 |date=12 September 2008 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=4 June 3013}}</ref> Over the years, she has been involving in not just research and documentation of ''aprachalit ragas'' (uncommon ragas), but also promoting them through music festivals and lecdem series.<ref name=hin07/><ref name=hinsand>{{cite news |title=Upon the sands of time |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2005/09/23/stories/2005092302460300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071128013033/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2005/09/23/stories/2005092302460300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 November 2007 |date=23 September 2005 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=29 May 2013}}</ref> Her organisation, ''Geetika'', organises music festivals for women, and ''tala vadya kutcheri'', an all-woman music festival, ''Bhairav se Sohni'', held in 1983 and all-woman festival on ''aprachalit raags'' held in 1996.<ref name=hin09/><ref>[[#Sh|Sharma, p. 56]]</ref><ref name=hin07challenge/>

Over the years she composed directed and sung five full-length musicals, experimenting both with classical music as well as folk music styles.<ref name=sn/> Her operas include ''Heer Ranjha'' (1956) with Sheila Bhatia, in which she also played the lead role,<ref name=hin07challenge>{{cite news |title=A taste for challenges |url= http://www.hindu.com/mp/2007/05/05/stories/2007050501800400.htm|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070522183432/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2007/05/05/stories/2007050501800400.htm|url-status= dead|archive-date= 22 May 2007|date= 5 May 2007 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=4 June 2013}}</ref> ''Sohni Mahiwal'' in Punjabi (1963), where in Ustad Mushtaq Hussain, son of her guru sang with her, "Jahan Ara" in [[Urdu]] (1970), ''Chitralekha'' (1973, Hindi), based on the story by [[Bhagwati Charan Verma]] and directed by [[B.V. Karanth]] has music composed on 80 classical ragas,<ref name=hin07challenge/> and "Sundari", based on the novel by the same name written by [[Bhai Vir Singh]] in 1979.<ref name=hin05>{{cite news |title=An evening of classical music |url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/08/20/stories/2005082002350200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060904143744/http://www.hindu.com/2005/08/20/stories/2005082002350200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 September 2006 |date= 20 August 2005 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=29 May 2013}}</ref> In 2006, her music album of genre of [[tappa]]s, titled ''Sufi Raah'' was released by Parzor Foundation.<ref name=tap>{{cite news|title=Tapping tappas |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/01/16/stories/2006011600620100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009030622/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/01/16/stories/2006011600620100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 October 2013 |date=16 January 2006 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=29 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Opera, Volume 23 |author=George Henry Hubert Lascelles |author-link=George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood |publisher=Rolls House Publishing Company |year=1972|page=846}}</ref>

==Awards==
Khurana was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 1991, followed by the [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2006, the fourth and the third highest civilian honour respectively given by [[Government of India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Padma Awards Directory (1954–2009)|publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]|url=http://www.mha.nic.in/pdfs/LST-PDAWD.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510095705/http://www.mha.nic.in/pdfs/LST-PDAWD.pdf|archive-date=10 May 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In 2002, she was conferred the [[List of Sangeet Natak Akademi fellows|Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship]], the highest honour in the performing arts conferred by the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi]], India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowships and Akademi Awards 2012|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2012/dec/d2012122401.pdf |publisher=Press Information Bureau, Govt. of India |access-date=28 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/fellowslist.htm|title=SNA: List of Akademi Fellows|publisher=[[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] Official website|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023617/http://sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/fellowslist.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and was later made a board member of the Sangeet Natak Akademi.<ref name=hin09/>

==Works==
* ''Rajasthan Ka Loksangeet'' (Folk Music of Rajasthan), Siddhartha Publication. 1995.
* ''Forms and Variation in Rajasthani Folk Songs'', Sangeet Natak: Journal of Sangeet Natak Akademi 20. 1969. ''pp. 74–85''

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |title=The Splendour of Rampur-sahaswan Gharana; of Hindustani Music |author=Sakuntala Narasimhan |publisher=Veenapani Centre for Arts|year=2006|ref=Na }}
* {{cite book |title=The Lost World of Hindustani Music |author=Kumar Pradas Mukherji |publisher=Penguin Books India |year=2006|isbn=0143061992 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-MR_6Gr26hAC&q=Shanno+Khurana&pg=PA134 |ref=Mu }}
* {{cite book |title=Feminism and World Religions|author=Arvind Sharma |author2=Katherine K. Young |publisher=SUNY Press |year=1999|isbn=1438419678 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGxL4YCX4AYC&q=Shanno+Khurana&pg=PA56 |ref=Sh }}

==External links==
* {{cite news |title=Seeking voices of creativity (Interview, 2005)|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/04/17/stories/2009041751100100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421195450/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2009/04/17/stories/2009041751100100.htm |url-status=dead |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=2009-04-21 }}

{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 2000–09}}
{{SangeetNatakAkademiFellowship}}
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khurana, Shanno}}
[[Category:Hindustani singers]]
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Jodhpur]]
[[Category:Punjabi people]]
[[Category:Indian female classical singers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship]]
[[Category:Ethnomusicologists]]
[[Category:Indian musical theatre composers]]
[[Category:Musical theatre directors]]
[[Category:Hindustani composers]]
[[Category:Indian classical composers]]
[[Category:Indian musical theatre actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:Indian female composers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]
[[Category:Women Hindustani musicians]]
[[Category:Musicians from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian composers]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Indian women anthropologists]]
[[Category:20th-century women composers]]
[[Category:21st-century women composers]]

Shanno Khurana - Revision history

Hembram Bakhul: Created page with "{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}} {{Infobox musical artist | name = Shanno Khurana | birth_date = {{birth year and age|1927}} | birth_p..."