Shankar Roychowdhury - Revision history

115.79.226.51 at 11:03, 25 December 2022

2022-12-25T11:03:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 25 December 2022
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	{{for\|the fictional character\|Shankar Roy Chowdhury (character)}}		{{for\|the fictional character\|Shankar Roy Chowdhury (character)}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=September 2022}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=September 2022}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=May ~~2022~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=May 2013}}
	{{Infobox officeholder		{{Infobox officeholder
	\| honorific_prefix = [[General (India)\|General]]		\| honorific_prefix = [[General (India)\|General]]
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	\| caption =		\| caption =
	\| office = 37th [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]]		\| office = 37th [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]]
	\| term = 1 ~~January~~ 1996 – 30 September 1997		\| term = 1 October 1996 – 30 September 1997
	\| president = [[Shankar Dayal Sharma]]<br/>[[K. R. Narayanan]]		\| president = [[Shankar Dayal Sharma]]<br/>[[K. R. Narayanan]]
	\| primeminister = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]<br/>[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]<br/>[[H. D. Deve Gowda]]<br/>[[Inder Kumar Gujral]]		\| primeminister = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]<br/>[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]<br/>[[H. D. Deve Gowda]]<br/>[[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
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	}}		}}

	[[General (India)\|General]] '''Shankar Roychowdhury''' {{Post-nominals\|country=IND\|PVSM\|ADC}} is a former [[Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army]], and a former [[Member of parliament#India\|member of the Indian Parliament]].<ref name=bwep>{{cite web\|title=Executive Profile of Shankar Roychowdhury (Retd.)\|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=83526406&ticker=IMFA:IN&previousCapId=880178&previousTitle=NATIONAL%20ALUMINIUM%20CO%20LTD\|work=Bloomberg Businessweek\|access-date=13 May ~~2022~~}}</ref><ref name=iagsrc/>		[[General (India)\|General]] '''Shankar Roychowdhury''' {{Post-nominals\|country=IND\|PVSM\|ADC}} is a former [[Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army]], and a former [[Member of parliament#India\|member of the Indian Parliament]].<ref name=bwep>{{cite web\|title=Executive Profile of Shankar Roychowdhury (Retd.)\|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=83526406&ticker=IMFA:IN&previousCapId=880178&previousTitle=NATIONAL%20ALUMINIUM%20CO%20LTD\|work=Bloomberg Businessweek\|access-date=13 May 2014}}</ref><ref name=iagsrc/>

	==Early life==		==Early life==
	General Roychowdhury was born in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]] into the Zamindar family of [[Taki (India)]], a [[Bengali Kayastha]] family, on 6 September 1937. He received his schooling at [[St. Xavier's Collegiate School]] in Kolkata and later at [[Wynberg Allen School]], [[Mussoorie]] and [[St George's College, Mussoorie\|St. George's College]], [[Mussoorie]]. He then became a cadet in the Joint Services Wing of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] in 1953.<ref name=iagsrc/><ref name=brgr>{{cite web\|title=General Shankar Roychowdhury\|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Personnel/Chiefs/159-S-Roychowdhury.html\|publisher=Bharat Rakshak\|accessdate=13 May ~~2022~~}}</ref>		General Roychowdhury was born in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]] into the Zamindar family of [[Taki (India)]], a [[Bengali Kayastha]] family, on 6 September 1937. He received his schooling at [[St. Xavier's Collegiate School]] in Kolkata and later at [[Wynberg Allen School]], [[Mussoorie]] and [[St George's College, Mussoorie\|St. George's College]], [[Mussoorie]]. He then became a cadet in the Joint Services Wing of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] in 1953.<ref name=iagsrc/><ref name=brgr>{{cite web\|title=General Shankar Roychowdhury\|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Personnel/Chiefs/159-S-Roychowdhury.html\|publisher=Bharat Rakshak\|accessdate=13 May 2014}}</ref>

	==Military career==		==Military career==
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	==Post-retirement==		==Post-retirement==
	After retirement from the Army, General Roychowdhury became a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], where he highlighted defence related issues.<ref name=iagsrc>{{cite web\|title=General Shankar Roy Chowdhury\|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp1PTC2C.aspx?MnId=g6hlaDpG3IzfU9rEx8miEQ==&ParentID=a/P1/YYfOkrcbmJWxEWdoA==\|publisher=Indian Army\|accessdate=13 May ~~2022~~}}</ref> Since 21 January 2008, he has been a Director of Indian Metal & Ferro Alloys Ltd.<ref name=bwep/><ref name=brgr/> His autobiography titled ''Officially at Peace'' was published by [[Penguin Books]] in 2002.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Roychowdhury\|first=Shankar\|title=Officially at peace\|date=2002\|publisher=Viking\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=0670885851\|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Officially-at-Peace-Shankar-Roychowdhury/dp/0670885851}}</ref>		After retirement from the Army, General Roychowdhury became a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], where he highlighted defence related issues.<ref name=iagsrc>{{cite web\|title=General Shankar Roy Chowdhury\|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp1PTC2C.aspx?MnId=g6hlaDpG3IzfU9rEx8miEQ==&ParentID=a/P1/YYfOkrcbmJWxEWdoA==\|publisher=Indian Army\|accessdate=13 May 2014}}</ref> Since 21 January 2008, he has been a Director of Indian Metal & Ferro Alloys Ltd.<ref name=bwep/><ref name=brgr/> His autobiography titled ''Officially at Peace'' was published by [[Penguin Books]] in 2002.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Roychowdhury\|first=Shankar\|title=Officially at peace\|date=2002\|publisher=Viking\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=0670885851\|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Officially-at-Peace-Shankar-Roychowdhury/dp/0670885851}}</ref>

	==Honours and decorations==		==Honours and decorations==
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	{{s-bef\|before=[[S. K. Kaul]]}}		{{s-bef\|before=[[S. K. Kaul]]}}
	{{s-ttl\|title=[[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]]		{{s-ttl\|title=[[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]]
	\|years=1 ~~January~~ 1996 – 30 September 1997}}		\|years=1 October 1996 – 30 September 1997}}
	{{s-aft\|after=[[Satish Sareen]]}}		{{s-aft\|after=[[Satish Sareen]]}}
	{{succession box \| before = [[Bipin Chandra Joshi]]		{{succession box \| before = [[Bipin Chandra Joshi]]

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{{for|the fictional character|Shankar Roy Chowdhury (character)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[General (India)|General]]
| name = Shankar Roychowdhury
| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|country=IND|PVSM|ADC}}
| image = Gen Shankar Roy Chowdhary.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption =
| office = 37th [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]]
| term = 1 January 1996 – 30 September 1997
| president = [[Shankar Dayal Sharma]] [[K. R. Narayanan]]
| primeminister = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
| predecessor = [[Vijai Singh Shekhawat]]
| successor = [[Satish Sareen]]
| office1 = 17th [[Chief of Army Staff (India)|Chief of Army Staff]]
| term1 = 22 November 1994 – 30 September 1997
| president1 = [[Shankar Dayal Sharma]] [[K. R. Narayanan]]
| primeminister1 = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
| predecessor1 = [[Bipin Chandra Joshi]]
| successor1 = [[Ved Prakash Malik]]
| office2 = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| term2 = 19 August 1999 – 18 August 2005
| constituency2 = [[West Bengal]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1937|9|6}}
| death_date =
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_place =
| placeofburial =
| nickname =
| allegiance = {{flag|India}}
| branch = {{army|India}}
| serviceyears = 1957–1997
| rank = [[File:General of the Indian Army.svg|15px]] [[General (India)|General]]
| military_blank1 = [[Service number]]
| military_data1 = IC-8417<ref name="The Gazette of India">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=97 |date=21 January 1995 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
| unit = [[20 Lancers (India)|20 Lancers]]
| commands = [[File:IA Training Command.jpg|23px]] [[Army Training Command]] (ARTRAC) [[XVI Corps (India)|16 Corps]]
| battles = [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]], [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]
| military_blank2 = Awards
| military_data2 = {{plainlist|
* [[File:Param Vishisht Seva Medal ribbon.svg|20px]] [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]]
}}
| battles_label =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
}}

[[General (India)|General]] '''Shankar Roychowdhury''' {{Post-nominals|country=IND|PVSM|ADC}} is a former [[Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army]], and a former [[Member of parliament#India|member of the Indian Parliament]].<ref name=bwep>{{cite web|title=Executive Profile of Shankar Roychowdhury (Retd.)|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=83526406&ticker=IMFA:IN&previousCapId=880178&previousTitle=NATIONAL%20ALUMINIUM%20CO%20LTD|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|access-date=13 May 2022}}</ref><ref name=iagsrc/>

==Early life==
General Roychowdhury was born in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]] into the Zamindar family of [[Taki (India)]], a [[Bengali Kayastha]] family, on 6 September 1937. He received his schooling at [[St. Xavier's Collegiate School]] in Kolkata and later at [[Wynberg Allen School]], [[Mussoorie]] and [[St George's College, Mussoorie|St. George's College]], [[Mussoorie]]. He then became a cadet in the Joint Services Wing of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] in 1953.<ref name=iagsrc/><ref name=brgr>{{cite web|title=General Shankar Roychowdhury|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Personnel/Chiefs/159-S-Roychowdhury.html|publisher=Bharat Rakshak|accessdate=13 May 2022}}</ref>

==Military career==
General Shankar Roychowdhury was commissioned into the [[20 Lancers (India)|20 Lancers]] of the [[Indian Army Armoured Corps]] on 9 June 1957, after graduating from the [[Indian Military Academy]]. He took part in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] in the Chamb-Jaurian sector, and in Jessore and Khulna during the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] in 1971. He commanded the 20 Lancers from 1974 to 1976, an Independent Armoured Brigade from December 1980 to July 1983, and an Armoured Division from May 1988 to May 1990. He subsequently commanded the [[XVI Corps (India)|16 Corps]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] from 1991 to 1992.<ref name=iagsrc/><ref name=brgr/>

He is a graduate of the [[Indian Military Academy]] [[Dehradun]], [[National Defence Academy]] [[Pune]], [[Defence Services Staff College]], [[Army War College, Mhow|Army War College]]; [[National Defence College, India|National Defence College]] and also holds a Doctorate D.Litt. (Honoris CAVSA).<ref name=bwep/> He held several staff and instructional appointments, including that of Director General Combat Vehicles dealing with the [[Arjun (tank)|Arjun tank]].<ref name=iagsrc/><ref name=brgr/>

He was awarded the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] for distinguished service to the Indian Army and the nation. He took over as [[General Officer Commanding|GOC-in-C]], [[Army Training Command (India)|Army Training Command]] (ARTRAC) in August 1992. He assumed charge of the Indian Army as the 18th Chief of Army Staff on 22 November 1994, upon the untimely death of his predecessor, [[Bipin Chandra Joshi|General B.C. Joshi]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Shankar Roy Chowdhury appointed new chief of army staff|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/shankar-roy-chowdhury-appointed-new-chief-of-army-staff/1/294689.html|accessdate=13 May 2014|newspaper=India Today|date=15 December 1995}}</ref> He retired from the Indian Army on 30 September 1997, after 40 years of military service.<ref name=brgr/><ref name="AbidiSharma2007">{{cite book|last1=Abidi|first1=S. Sartaj Alam|last2=Sharma|first2=Satinder|title=Services Chiefs of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k35_SlDMyUsC&pg=PA82|accessdate=29 May 2012|date=2007-01-01|publisher=Northern Book Centre|isbn=9788172111625|pages=82–}}</ref>

==Post-retirement==
After retirement from the Army, General Roychowdhury became a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], where he highlighted defence related issues.<ref name=iagsrc>{{cite web|title=General Shankar Roy Chowdhury|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp1PTC2C.aspx?MnId=g6hlaDpG3IzfU9rEx8miEQ==&ParentID=a/P1/YYfOkrcbmJWxEWdoA==|publisher=Indian Army|accessdate=13 May 2022}}</ref> Since 21 January 2008, he has been a Director of Indian Metal & Ferro Alloys Ltd.<ref name=bwep/><ref name=brgr/> His autobiography titled ''Officially at Peace'' was published by [[Penguin Books]] in 2002.<ref>{{cite book|last=Roychowdhury|first=Shankar|title=Officially at peace|date=2002|publisher=Viking|location=New Delhi|isbn=0670885851|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Officially-at-Peace-Shankar-Roychowdhury/dp/0670885851}}</ref>

==Honours and decorations==

{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Param Vishisht Seva Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|[[File:IND Samar Seva Star Ribbon.svg|105px]]
|[[File:IND Poorvi Star Ribbon.svg|105px]]
|[[File:IND Paschimi Star Ribbon.svg|105px]]
|-
|[[File:IND Raksha Medal Ribbon.svg|105px]]
|[[File:IND Sangram Medal Ribbon.svg|105px]]
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND Sainya Seva Medal Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND High Altitude Medal Ribbon.svg|width=106}}

|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 25th Anniversary Independence medal.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 30 Years Long Service Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 20YearsServiceMedalRibbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 9YearsServiceMedalRibbon.svg|width=106}}
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|Samar Seva Star]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|Poorvi Star]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|Paschimi Star]]
|-
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|Raksha Medal]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|Sangram Medal]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|Sainya Seva Medal]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|High Altitude Service Medal]]
|-
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|25th Anniversary of Independence Medal]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|30 Years Long Service Medal]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|20 Years Long Service Medal]]
|[[Indian military decorations#Service and campaign medals|9 Years Long Service Medal]]
|}

==Dates of rank==
{|class="wikitable" style="background:white"
! Insignia !! Rank !! Component !! Date of rank
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Second Lieutenant of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Second lieutenant|Second Lieutenant]]|| [[Indian Army]] || 9 June 1957<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=78 |date=5 April 1958 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant]] || Indian Army || 9 June 1959<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=301 |date=15 August 1959 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Captain_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] || Indian Army || 9 June 1963<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=308 |date=14 September 1963 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Major_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major]] || Indian Army || 9 June 1970<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=112 |date=30 January 1971 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant_Colonel_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant Colonel]]|| Indian Army || 1976
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Colonel_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Colonel]] || Indian Army || 24 October 1982<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=84 |date=19 January 1985 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Brigadier_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]]|| Indian Army || 12 April 1983<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=24 |date=11 January 1986 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Major_General_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major general (India)|Major General]]|| Indian Army || 2 January 1988<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=1631 |date=4 November 1989 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant_General_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]]|| Indian Army || 1 July 1991<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=1771 |date=16 November 1991 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|align="center" |[[File:General_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[General (India)|General]] (COAS) || Indian Army || 22 November 1994<ref name="The Gazette of India">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=97 |date=21 January 1995 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140516133200/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/maoists-are-also-our-fellow-indians-general-shankar-roychowdhury/394786-3.html Maoists are also our fellow Indians: General Shankar Roychowdhury], [[CNN-IBN|IBN Live]], 29 May 2013.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130317161801/http://www.hindustantimes.com/audio-news-video/AV-India/Ex-Indian-Army-chief-talks-about-Indo-Bangla-ties/Article2-1027531.aspx Ex Indian Army chief talks about Indo-Bangla ties], [[Hindustan Times]], 16 March 2013.
*[http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-01-22/news/30652801_1_army-chief-general-age-row-general-vk-singh Former Army chief Shankar Roychowdhury backs General VK Singh in age row], [[The Economic Times]], 22 January 2012.

===Notable publications===
*[http://www.deccanchronicle.com/columnist/Shankar%20Roychowdhury Deccan Chronicle]
*[http://www.asianage.com/shankar-roychowdhury-951 The Asian Age]

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[[S. K. Kaul]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]]
|years=1 January 1996 – 30 September 1997}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Satish Sareen]]}}
{{succession box | before = [[Bipin Chandra Joshi]]
|title = [[Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army|Chief of Army Staff]]
| years = 1994–1997| after = [[Ved Prakash Malik]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee}}
{{Chief of the Army Staff India}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Roychowdhury, Shankar}}
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Chiefs of Army Staff (India)]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Kolkata]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Param Vishisht Seva Medal]]
[[Category:People from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Bengali people]]
[[Category:Indian generals]]
[[Category:National Defence College, India alumni]]