Shamsher Bahadur I (Krishna Rao) - Revision history

100.1.21.87 at 16:53, 13 June 2022

2022-06-13T16:53:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:23, 13 June 2022
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	\| succession = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg\|33x30px]] [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha]] ruler of [[Banda (state)\|Banda]]		\| succession = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg\|33x30px]] [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha]] ruler of [[Banda (state)\|Banda]]
	\| reign = 1753–1761		\| reign = 1753–1761
	\| predecessor = [[~~Bajirao I\|Peshwa Bajirao~~ I]], Peshwa of [[Maratha Empire]]		\| predecessor = [[Baji Rao I]], Peshwa of [[Maratha Empire]]
	\| successor = [[Ali Bahadur I]]		\| successor = [[Ali Bahadur I]]
	\| birth_date = 1734		\| birth_date = 1734
	\| birth_place = Mastani Palace, [[Shaniwarwada]], [[Pune]], [[Maratha Empire]].		\| birth_place = Mastani Palace, [[Shaniwarwada]], [[Pune]], [[Maratha Empire]].
	\| death_date = {{date of death and age\|1761\|1\|18\|1734\|df=y}}, Bharatpur		\| death_date = {{date of death and age\|1761\|1\|18\|1734\|df=y}}, [[Bharatpur, India\|Bharatpur]], [[India]].
	\| spouse = Lal Kanwar <br> Mehrambai		\| spouse = Lal Kanwar <br> Mehrambai
	\| issue = [[Ali Bahadur I]]		\| issue = [[Ali Bahadur I]]
	\| full name = Krishna Rao		\| full name = Krishna Rao
	\| house = [[Banda (state)\|Banda]] ([[Maratha Empire]])		\| house = [[Banda (state)\|Banda]] ([[Maratha Empire]])
	\| father = [[~~Bajirao I\|Peshwa Bajirao~~ I]]		\| father = [[Baji Rao I]]
	\| mother = [[Mastani]]		\| mother = [[Mastani]]
	}}		}}
	'''Krishna Rao''' (~~28 January~~ 1734 – 14 January 1761), also known as '''Shamsher Bahadur I''', was a ruler of the [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha]] dominion of [[Banda (state)\|Banda]] in northern [[India]]. He was the son of [[Bajirao I]] and [[Mastani]].<ref name="BSR_2005">{{cite book \|author=Bhawan Singh Rana \|title=Rani of Jhansi \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hKthqa2kkQC&pg=PA22 \|date=1 January 2005 \|publisher=Diamond \|isbn=978-81-288-0875-3 \|pages=22–23}}</ref><ref name="Chid_1951">{{cite book \|author=Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) \|title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ \|year=1951 \|publisher=University of Madras \|page=219 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book \|author1=Rosemary Crill \|author2=Kapil Jariwala \|title=The Indian Portrat, 1560–1860 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ongF6dkNKAcC&pg=PA162 \|year=2010 \|publisher=Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd \|isbn=978-81-89995-37-9 \|page=162 }}</ref>		'''Krishna Rao''' (1734 – 18 January 1761), also known as '''Shamsher Bahadur I''', was a ruler of the [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha]] dominion of [[Banda (state)\|Banda]] in northern [[India]]. He was the son of [[Bajirao I]] and [[Mastani]].<ref name="BSR_2005">{{cite book \|author=Bhawan Singh Rana \|title=Rani of Jhansi \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hKthqa2kkQC&pg=PA22 \|date=1 January 2005 \|publisher=Diamond \|isbn=978-81-288-0875-3 \|pages=22–23}}</ref><ref name="Chid_1951">{{cite book \|author=Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) \|title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ \|year=1951 \|publisher=University of Madras \|page=219 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book \|author1=Rosemary Crill \|author2=Kapil Jariwala \|title=The Indian Portrat, 1560–1860 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ongF6dkNKAcC&pg=PA162 \|year=2010 \|publisher=Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd \|isbn=978-81-89995-37-9 \|page=162 }}</ref>

	==Early life==		==Early life==
	Krishna Rao was the son of [[Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family\|Peshwa]] ~~Bajirao~~ I and his second wife Mastani, daughter of [[~~Chhatrasal\|Maharaja~~ Chhatrasal]] and his Persian Muslim wife, Ruhani Bai. Bajirao wanted ~~Shamsher Bahadur~~ to be accepted as a [[Hindu]] [[Brahmin]], but because of his mother's [[Muslim]] heritage, Brahmin priests refused to conduct the Hindu [[upanayana]] ceremony for him.		Krishna Rao was the son of [[Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family\|Peshwa]] Baji Rao I and his second wife Mastani, daughter of [[Chhatrasal]] and his Persian Muslim wife, Ruhani Bai. Bajirao wanted him to be accepted as a [[Hindu]] [[Brahmin]], but because of his mother's [[Muslim]] heritage, Brahmin priests refused to conduct the Hindu [[upanayana]] ceremony for him.

	His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though Maratha nobles and chiefs didn't recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa.<ref name="BSR_2005" />		His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though many Maratha nobles and chiefs didn't recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa.<ref name="BSR_2005" />

	After the death of both ~~Bajirao~~ and Mastani in 1740, Shamsher was taken into the household of [[Kashibai]], ~~Bajirao~~'s widow, and raised as one of her own. He married Laal Kunwar on 14 January 1749 and soon after her death in 1753, Shamsher Bahadur was married to Mehrambai on 18 October 1753. Shamsher Bahadur had one son by Mehrambai named Krishna Sinh later known Ali Bahadur. He was his successor as Subedar of Banda.		After the death of both Baji Rao and Mastani in 1740, Shamsher was taken into the household of [[Kashibai]], Baji Rao's widow, and raised as one of her own. He married Laal Kunwar on 14 January 1749 and soon after her death in 1753, Shamsher Bahadur was married to Mehrambai on 18 October 1753. Shamsher Bahadur had one son by Mehrambai named Krishna Sinh later known Ali Bahadur. He was his successor as [[Subedar]] of Banda.

	==Military Career and Reign==		==Military Career and Reign==
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	Upon the death of Shamsher, his son [[Ali Bahadur I\|Krishna Sinh]] (Ali Bahadur) (1758-1802), became the Nawab of the dominion of [[Banda (state)\|Banda]] (present day [[Uttar Pradesh]]) in northern [[India]], a vassal of [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha polity]].<ref name="google2">{{cite web\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ&q=shamsher+bahadur+subedar+jhansi \|title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India - Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) \|date=2009-02-12 \|accessdate=2015-06-21}}</ref> Under the auspices of the powerful Maratha nobles, Ali Bahadur established his authority over large parts of Bundelkhand and became the Nawab of Banda and placed his trusted aide Ramsingh Bhatt as kotwal of Kalinjar.		Upon the death of Shamsher, his son [[Ali Bahadur I\|Krishna Sinh]] (Ali Bahadur) (1758-1802), became the Nawab of the dominion of [[Banda (state)\|Banda]] (present day [[Uttar Pradesh]]) in northern [[India]], a vassal of [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha polity]].<ref name="google2">{{cite web\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ&q=shamsher+bahadur+subedar+jhansi \|title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India - Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) \|date=2009-02-12 \|accessdate=2015-06-21}}</ref> Under the auspices of the powerful Maratha nobles, Ali Bahadur established his authority over large parts of Bundelkhand and became the Nawab of Banda and placed his trusted aide Ramsingh Bhatt as kotwal of Kalinjar.

	His son and successor [[Shamsher Bahadur II]] held allegiance towards the Maratha polity and fought the English in the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War\|Anglo-Maratha War of 1803]]<ref name="google2" /><ref>{{cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ViSYYQZZWEcC&q=nawab+of+banda+ali+bahadur&pg=PA11 \|title=Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1789-1803 - Jadunath Sarkar \|date=1992-01-01 \|isbn=9780861317493 \|accessdate=2015-06-21\|last1=Sarkar \|first1=Jadunath }}</ref> His descendant Ali Bahadur fought alongside [[Rani Lakshmibai]] in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857\|First War of Indian Independence of 1857]]. After his defeat, Banda state was abolished.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/muslim-sons-of-a-brahmin-peshwa-11575604090939.html\|title = Muslim sons of a Brahmin 'Peshwa'\|date = 6 December 2019}}</ref> The present day descendants of Shamsher Bahadur live in Central India.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Marwah \|first1=Ritu \|title=Mastani's Son, Shamsher Bahadur I \|url=https://indiacurrents.com/mastanis-son-shamsher-bahadur-i/ \|issue=December 22 \|publisher=indiacurrents.com \|date=2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Ganeshan \|first1=Ranjita \|title=Why Bajirao Mastani has upset two families \|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/why-bajirao-mastani-has-upset-two-families-115121101048_1.html \|accessdate=27 February 2020 \|work=Business Standard \|issue=December 12, 2015 \|date=2015}}</ref>		His son and successor Shamsher Bahadur II held allegiance towards the Maratha polity and fought the English in the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War\|Anglo-Maratha War of 1803]]<ref name="google2" /><ref>{{cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ViSYYQZZWEcC&q=nawab+of+banda+ali+bahadur&pg=PA11 \|title=Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1789-1803 - Jadunath Sarkar \|date=1992-01-01 \|isbn=9780861317493 \|accessdate=2015-06-21\|last1=Sarkar \|first1=Jadunath }}</ref> His descendant Ali Bahadur fought alongside [[Rani Lakshmibai]] in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857\|First War of Indian Independence of 1857]]. After his defeat, Banda state was abolished.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/muslim-sons-of-a-brahmin-peshwa-11575604090939.html\|title = Muslim sons of a Brahmin 'Peshwa'\|date = 6 December 2019}}</ref> The present day descendants of Shamsher Bahadur live in Central India.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Marwah \|first1=Ritu \|title=Mastani's Son, Shamsher Bahadur I \|url=https://indiacurrents.com/mastanis-son-shamsher-bahadur-i/ \|issue=December 22 \|publisher=indiacurrents.com \|date=2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|last1=Ganeshan \|first1=Ranjita \|title=Why Bajirao Mastani has upset two families \|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/why-bajirao-mastani-has-upset-two-families-115121101048_1.html \|accessdate=27 February 2020 \|work=Business Standard \|issue=December 12, 2015 \|date=2015}}</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==
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	==In Popular Culture==		==In Popular Culture==
	In the 2019 film ''[[Panipat (film)\|Panipat]]'', Shamsher Bahadur I was played by [[Sahil Salathia]].		In the 2015 film ''[[Bajirao Mastani]]'' he was referenced and his naming ceremony was shown. In the 2019 film ''[[Panipat (film)\|Panipat]]'', Shamsher Bahadur I was played by [[Sahil Salathia]].

	== Further reading ==		== Further reading ==

->GillRomesLado at 07:05, 9 December 2021

2021-12-09T07:05:06Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Krishna Rao
| succession = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|33x30px]] [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] ruler of [[Banda (state)|Banda]]
| reign = 1753–1761
| predecessor = [[Bajirao I|Peshwa Bajirao I]], Peshwa of [[Maratha Empire]]
| successor = [[Ali Bahadur I]]
| birth_date = 1734
| birth_place = Mastani Palace, [[Shaniwarwada]], [[Pune]], [[Maratha Empire]].
| death_date = {{date of death and age|1761|1|18|1734|df=y}}, Bharatpur
| spouse = Lal Kanwar <br> Mehrambai
| issue = [[Ali Bahadur I]]
| full name = Krishna Rao
| house = [[Banda (state)|Banda]] ([[Maratha Empire]])
| father = [[Bajirao I|Peshwa Bajirao I]]
| mother = [[Mastani]]
}}
'''Krishna Rao''' (28 January 1734 – 14 January 1761), also known as '''Shamsher Bahadur I''', was a ruler of the [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] dominion of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] in northern [[India]]. He was the son of [[Bajirao I]] and [[Mastani]].<ref name="BSR_2005">{{cite book |author=Bhawan Singh Rana |title=Rani of Jhansi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hKthqa2kkQC&pg=PA22 |date=1 January 2005 |publisher=Diamond |isbn=978-81-288-0875-3 |pages=22–23}}</ref><ref name="Chid_1951">{{cite book |author=Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) |title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ |year=1951 |publisher=University of Madras |page=219 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Rosemary Crill |author2=Kapil Jariwala |title=The Indian Portrat, 1560–1860 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ongF6dkNKAcC&pg=PA162 |year=2010 |publisher=Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-81-89995-37-9 |page=162 }}</ref>

==Early life==
Krishna Rao was the son of [[Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family|Peshwa]] Bajirao I and his second wife Mastani, daughter of [[Chhatrasal|Maharaja Chhatrasal]] and his Persian Muslim wife, Ruhani Bai. Bajirao wanted Shamsher Bahadur to be accepted as a [[Hindu]] [[Brahmin]], but because of his mother's [[Muslim]] heritage, Brahmin priests refused to conduct the Hindu [[upanayana]] ceremony for him.

His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though Maratha nobles and chiefs didn't recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa.<ref name="BSR_2005" />

After the death of both Bajirao and Mastani in 1740, Shamsher was taken into the household of [[Kashibai]], Bajirao's widow, and raised as one of her own. He married Laal Kunwar on 14 January 1749 and soon after her death in 1753, Shamsher Bahadur was married to Mehrambai on 18 October 1753. Shamsher Bahadur had one son by Mehrambai named Krishna Sinh later known Ali Bahadur. He was his successor as Subedar of Banda.

==Military Career and Reign==
Shamsher Bahadur was bestowed upon a portion of his father's dominion of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] and [[Kalpi]] in present day North Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

He, alongside [[Raghunathrao]], [[Malharrao Holkar]], [[Dattaji Rao Scindia|Dattaji Shinde]], [[Jankoji Rao Scindia|Jankoji Shinde]] and other Sardars, went to Punjab in 1757–1758 to fight the [[Durrani Empire]] and conquered [[Attock]], [[Peshawar]], [[Multan]] in 1758.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} He was part of Maratha Conquest of North India.

In 1761, he and his army contingent fought alongside his cousins from the Peshwa family in the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] between the Marathas and Afghan forces of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmad Shah Abdali]]. He was wounded in that battle and died a few days later at Deeg.<ref>{{cite book |author=Henry Dodwell |title=The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yoI8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA407 |year=1958 |publisher=CUP Archive |pages=407– |id=GGKEY:96PECZLGTT6}}</ref>

==Descendants==
Upon the death of Shamsher, his son [[Ali Bahadur I|Krishna Sinh]] (Ali Bahadur) (1758-1802), became the Nawab of the dominion of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] (present day [[Uttar Pradesh]]) in northern [[India]], a vassal of [[Maratha Empire|Maratha polity]].<ref name="google2">{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ&q=shamsher+bahadur+subedar+jhansi |title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India - Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) |date=2009-02-12 |accessdate=2015-06-21}}</ref> Under the auspices of the powerful Maratha nobles, Ali Bahadur established his authority over large parts of Bundelkhand and became the Nawab of Banda and placed his trusted aide Ramsingh Bhatt as kotwal of Kalinjar.

His son and successor [[Shamsher Bahadur II]] held allegiance towards the Maratha polity and fought the English in the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War|Anglo-Maratha War of 1803]]<ref name="google2" /><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ViSYYQZZWEcC&q=nawab+of+banda+ali+bahadur&pg=PA11 |title=Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1789-1803 - Jadunath Sarkar |date=1992-01-01 |isbn=9780861317493 |accessdate=2015-06-21|last1=Sarkar |first1=Jadunath }}</ref> His descendant Ali Bahadur fought alongside [[Rani Lakshmibai]] in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|First War of Indian Independence of 1857]]. After his defeat, Banda state was abolished.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/muslim-sons-of-a-brahmin-peshwa-11575604090939.html|title = Muslim sons of a Brahmin 'Peshwa'|date = 6 December 2019}}</ref> The present day descendants of Shamsher Bahadur live in Central India.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Marwah |first1=Ritu |title=Mastani's Son, Shamsher Bahadur I |url=https://indiacurrents.com/mastanis-son-shamsher-bahadur-i/ |issue=December 22 |publisher=indiacurrents.com |date=2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ganeshan |first1=Ranjita |title=Why Bajirao Mastani has upset two families |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/why-bajirao-mastani-has-upset-two-families-115121101048_1.html |accessdate=27 February 2020 |work=Business Standard |issue=December 12, 2015 |date=2015}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Mastani]]
*[[Bajirao I|Peshwa Bajirao]]
*[[Bhat family]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==In Popular Culture==
In the 2019 film ''[[Panipat (film)|Panipat]]'', Shamsher Bahadur I was played by [[Sahil Salathia]].

== Further reading ==
* [[Ranjit Desai]]. ''Swami'' {{in lang|mr}}, a historical novel

{{MarathaEmpire}}
{{Peshawe family}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gaekwad}}
[[Category:1734 births]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
[[Category:1761 deaths]]
[[Category:Peshwa dynasty]]
[[Category:People of the Maratha Empire]]
[[Category:Marathi people]]
[[Category:18th-century Indian monarchs]]