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{{for|other kings known as Shahu|Shahoji II|Shahu of Kolhapur}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| title = [[Chhatrapati]] of the [[Maratha Empire]]
| image = Copy of Shahu (3).jpg
| alt =
| succession = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|33x30px]] 5th [[Chhatrapati]] of the [[Maratha Empire]]
| reign = 12 January 1707{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=55}} –15 December 1749{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=314}}<ref>{{cite book|quote=Shahu ruled for about forty-two years from January 12, 1708, to December 15, 1749|title=Mahadji Shinde and the Poona Durbar|author=Rameshwarprasad Ganeshprasad Pandey|publisher=Oriental Publishers & Distributors|year=1980|page=3}}</ref>
| coronation = 12 January 1708, [[Satara (city)|Satara]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Society and Social Disabilities Under the Peshwas|author=Pī. E. Gavaḷī|publisher=National Publishing House|year=1988|page=5|quote=At last Shahu emerged victorious and ascended the throne at Satara on 12th January, 1708.}}</ref>
| predecessor = [[Shivaji II]]
| successor = [[Rajaram II of Satara|Rajaram II]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1682|5|18}}
| birth_place = Gangawali village Fort, Mangaon{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=51}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1749|12|15|1682|5|18}}{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=181}}
| death_place = Rangmahal Palace, [[Satara (city)|Satara]]{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=181}}
| spouse = {{plain list|
* Savitribai{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=177}}
* Ambikabai{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=177}}
* Sakwarbai
* Sagunabai
}}
| issue = {{plain list|
* Sambhajiraje
* Gajrabai
* Rajasbai
*Fatehsinh I (adopted)
*[[Rajaram II of Satara]] (adopted)
*[[Parvatibai]] (adopted)
}}
| father = [[Sambhaji]]
| mother = Yesubai<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/rukaatialamgirio00aurarich#page/152/mode/2up|title = Ruka'at-i-Alamgiri; or, Letters of Aurungzebe, with historical and explanatory notes|year = 1908}}</ref>
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| royal house = [[Bhosale]]
}}

'''Shahu Bhosale I''' (1682–1749 CE) was the fifth [[Chhatrapati]] of the [[Maratha Empire]] created by his grandfather, [[Shivaji Maharaj]]. Born in the [[Bhonsle]] family, he was the son of [[Sambhaji Maharaj]], Shivaji Maharaj's eldest son and successor. Shahu, as a child, was taken prisoner along with his mother in 1689 by Mughal sardar, Zulfikar Khan Nusrat Jang after the [[Battle of Raigarh (1689)|Battle of Raigarh ( 1689 )]].<ref>https://archive.org/stream/rukaatialamgirio00aurarich#page/152/mode/2up| Rukaat-i-Alamgiri page 153</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Maharashtra State Gazetteers: Buldhana|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jLNhAAAAIAAJ|publisher=Director of Government Printing, Stationery and Publications, Maharashtra State|year=1976|quote=Shahu, the son of Sambhaji along with his mother Yesubai, was made a prisoner}}</ref> After the death of [[Aurangzeb]] in 1707, leading Mughal courtiers released Shahu with a force of fifty men, thinking that a friendly Maratha leader would be a useful ally.<ref>{{citation | first = Malgonkar |last = Manohar | title = The Sea Hawk: Life and Battles of Kanoji Angrey | year = 1959 | page = 63}}</ref> At that time he fought a brief war with his aunt [[Tarabai]] in an internecine conflict to gain the Maratha throne in 1708.<ref>{{cite book |author=A. Vijaya Kumari |author2=Sepuri Bhaskar |title=Social change among Balijas: majority community of Andhra Pradesh|year=1998 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r-ffeWmj2JUC&pg=PA6 |publisher=MD |isbn=9788175330726 |access-date=2011-06-24}}</ref><ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-93-80607-34-4 |pages=201–202}}</ref>

Under Shahu's reign, Maratha power and influence extended to all corners of the Indian subcontinent. However, after his death, power moved from the ruling Chhatrapati to his ministers (the Peshwas) and the generals who had carved out their own fiefdoms such as [[Bhonsle|Bhonsle of Nagpur]], [[Gaekwad of Baroda]], [[Sindhia|Sindhia of Gwalior]] and [[Holkar|Holkar of Indore]].

==Expansion of the Maratha Empire==
Early in his reign, Shahu appointed [[Balaji Vishwanath]] as his Peshwa. Over the next fifty years, Balaji followed by his son, [[Bajirao I]] and grandson [[Balaji Bajirao]] with help of capable military leaders such as [[Scindia|Shinde]], [[Holkar]], [[Gaekwad]], [[Pawar]] and [[Raghoji Bhonsle|Bhonsle of Nagpur]] expanded Maratha power in all directions of the Indian subcontinent.<ref>Stein, B. (2010). A history of India (Vol. 10). John Wiley & Sons page= 187</ref><ref>Gordon, S. (1993). The Marathas 1600–1818 (Vol. 4). Cambridge University Press, pages 121–130.</ref>

==Family==
Shahu had four wives who gave him two born-to sons and four born-to daughters.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fatehsinh I Raje Sahib Bhonsle and Adoption (under India - Princely States: 1) |url=https://adoption.com/wiki/Fatehsinh_I_Raje_Sahib_Bhonsle_and_Adoption_(under_India_-_Princely_States:_1)|access-date=2020-09-19|website=adoption.com}}</ref> Shahu adopted [[Parvatibai]] when she was 3 years old. She was the daughter of a mamledar of Pen, Raigad. He gave her training in warfare and administration. He, later, got her married to Shrimant [[Sadashivrao Bhau]] when she was 15 years-old. Even though her father was alive, he did her kanyadan. He also adopted two sons, Fatehsinh I and [[Rajaram II of Satara]] (who succeeded him as the Raja of Satara). Rajaram II had been brought to him by Shahu's paternal aunt, [[Tarabai]], who initially claimed that the young man was her grandson and a descendant of Shivaji, but later disowned him as an imposter.<ref name="BP_2000">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S2Yn4LlujqsC&pg=PA30 |title=Issues in Modern Indian History |editor=Biswamoy Pati |isbn=978-81-7154-658-9 |publisher=Popular |year=2000 |page=30 }}</ref> After Shahu's death the powers were indirectly shifted to the Peshwa [[Balaji Bajirao]].{{Sfn|Mehta|2005|p=181}}

Shahu also adopted Ranoji Lokhande, later known as Fatehsinh I Raje Sahib Bhonsle, the son of Meherban Sayaji Lokhende, the patil of Parud.[https://adoption.com/wiki/Fatehsinh_I_Raje_Sahib_Bhonsle_and_Adoption_(under_India_-_Princely_States:_1)] Fatehsinh became the first raja of [[Akkalkot State|Akalkot]] around the year 1708. Upon his adoption Fatehsinh received the town of Akkalkot and surrounding areas. The descendants of Fatehsinh later went on to establish the [[Bhonsle]] dynasty in [[Akkalkot State|Akkalkot state]].

==Death and succession==
After getting Parvatibai married to [[Sadashivrao Bhau]], the valiant son of [[Chimaji Appa]] Peshwa and fixing Radhikabai's marriage with [[Vishwasrao|Vishwasrao Peshwa]] , he died in December 1749. His adopted son [[Rajaram II of Satara]] claimed to be [[Tarabai]]'s grandson and succeeded him. But the actual power was held by others: first by Tarabai and then by Peshwa [[Balaji Baji Rao]].<ref name="BP_2000"/>

{{s-start}}
{{succession box |
before=[[Shivaji II]]|
title=[[Chhatrapati]] of the <br /> [[Maratha Empire]] |
years=1707–1749 |
after=[[Rajaram II of Satara]]
}}
{{s-end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book|title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1wUgKKzawoC|first=Jaswant Lal|last=Mehta|publisher=Sterling Publishers|year=2005|isbn = 9781932705546}}

==External links==
* [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V02_475.gif Imperial Gazetteer of India], v. 2, p. 441.
* Kasar, D.B. Rigveda to Raigarh making of Shivaji the great, Mumbai: Manudevi Prakashan, Rs. 165 (2005).
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071205235146/http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Solapur/places_Akkalkot.html Akkalkot, Solapur district gazette ]

{{commons category|Shahu I}}

{{MarathaEmpire}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shahu, Chattrapati}}
[[Category:1682 births|Chattrapati Shahuji]]
[[Category:1749 deaths|Chattrapati Shahuji]]
[[Category:Maharajas of Satara]]
[[Category:18th-century Indian monarchs]]

Shahu I - Revision history

Sergkwi: quick update

WikiDwarfBOT: Cleanup:

imported>GreaterPonce665: Reverted 1 edit by Suyashpatil302 (talk): No honorifics per WP:NOHONORIFICS