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<p>robot: import pages using <a href="/wiki/Special:Import" title="Special:Import">Special:Import</a></p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Punjabi dialect of Punjab Province, Pakistan}}<br /> {{More citations needed|date = October 2016}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}<br /> {{Use Pakistani English|date=June 2013}}<br /> {{Infobox language<br /> | name = Shahpuri<br /> | states = [[Sargodha Division]] of [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab Province]], [[Pakistan]]<br /> | region = [[Punjab]]<br /> | familycolor = Indo-European<br /> | fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]<br /> | fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]<br /> | fam4 = [[Northwestern Indo-Aryan languages|Northwestern]] or [[Central Indo-Aryan|Central]]<br /> | fam5 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] or [[Lahnda]]<br /> | map = <br /> | mapcaption = <br /> | isoexception = dialect<br /> | glotto = none<br /> }}<br /> &#039;&#039;&#039;Shahpuri&#039;&#039;&#039; is a [[Punjabi dialect]] spoken in the [[Sargodha Division]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://sargodha.dc.lhc.gov.pk/?page_id=1335|title = District Website}}&lt;/ref&gt; of [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab Province]] in [[Pakistan]]. [[G.A. Grierson|Grierson]] considered it to be representative of [[Lahnda]] (Western Punjabi), but later opinions have tended to see it as a dialect of [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] that is transitional to [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]].{{sfn|Shackle|1976|p=8}}{{sfn|Shackle|1979|p=201}} Its name is derived from former [[Shahpur District]] (now [[Shahpur Tehsil, Pakistan|Shahpur Tehsil]], part of [[Sargodha District]]).<br /> <br /> ==Geographic distribution and classification==<br /> It is mostly spoken in [[Sargodha District]] and [[Khushab District]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://sargodha.dc.lhc.gov.pk/?page_id=1335|title = District Website}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is also spoken in the neighbouring districts of [[Mianwali District|Mianwali]], [[Jhang District|Jhang]], [[Chiniot District|Chiniot]], [[Mandi Bahauddin District|Mandi Bahauddin]], and [[Bhakkar District|Bhakkar]]. It is mainly spoken on western end of [[Sindh River]] to [[Chenab River]], traversing the [[Jhelum River]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.sikhchic.com/history/mother_tongue_the_many_dialects_of_punjabi&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> This entire area has almost the same traditions, customs and culture.<br /> <br /> The Shahpuri dialect of Punjabi has several aspects that set it apart from other Punjabi and Lahnda variants as it is an intermediary variety between [[Lahnda]] and [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br /> <br /> [[File:Languages_and_Dialects_of_Lahnda.png|right|400x400px]]<br /> [[File:Punjabi_dialects.png|400x400px]]<br /> <br /> ==Grammar==<br /> [[File:Dialects Of Punjabi.jpg|thumb|Map of Punjabi dialects and languages, including Shahpuri in the west|350x350px]]<br /> In its phonology Shahpuri has the same tonal pattern as [[Standard Punjabi]].{{sfn|Shackle|1979|p=202}}<br /> <br /> In common with [[Thali dialect|Thali]] and [[Hindko]], there is a class of two-syllable nouns that mark [[Grammatical case|case]] distinctions by [[vowel alternation]]. The case suffixes of the older language have dropped, leaving the assimilated root vowels as the only indicator of the case: /jʌŋɡʊl/ ~ /jʌŋɡəl/ /jʌŋɡɪl/. [[G.A. Grierson|Grierson]] explains this by [[Substrate language|substratal]] [[Dardic languages|Dardic]] influence, whereas [[Christopher Shackle|Shackle]] finds it more plausible that it is the result of Shahpuri&#039;s central position between areas favouring one or another vowel in these contexts.{{sfn|Shackle|1979|p=205}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == Bibliography ==<br /> * {{Cite book| last = Shackle| first = Christopher| author-link = Christopher Shackle| title = The Siraiki language of central Pakistan : a reference grammar| date = 1976| location = London| publisher = School of Oriental and African Studies}}<br /> * {{Cite journal| last = Shackle| first = Christopher| author-link = Christopher Shackle| title = Problems of classification in Pakistan Panjab| journal = Transactions of the Philological Society| date = 1979| doi = 10.1111/j.1467-968X.1979.tb00857.x| issn = 0079-1636| volume = 77| issue = 1| pages = 191–210}}<br /> <br /> ==Further reading==<br /> * {{Cite LSI|8|1}}&lt;!--Grierson&#039;s Linguistic Survey of India}}--&gt;<br /> * {{Cite book| last = Wilson| first = James| title = Grammar and dictionary of western Panjabi, as spoken in the Shahpur district with proverbs, sayings, &amp; verses| location = Lahore| publisher = Panjab Govt. Press| date = 1898| url = http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/displayPage.jsp?ID=8503&amp;CategoryID=1}}<br /> <br /> {{Punjabi dialects}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Languages of Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Punjabi dialects]]</div>

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