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	<title>Shabda Brahman - Revision history</title>
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		<title>Sameer481: basic cleaned up citations for consistency and updated info after review</title>
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		<updated>2025-10-21T01:26:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;basic cleaned up citations for consistency and updated info after review&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 06:56, 21 October 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Short description|Transcendental sound of the Vedas}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Hinduism}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Hinduism}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;Sabda-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;brahman&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;&#039;Nada &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;brahman&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; means transcendental sound ([[Shatapatha Brahmana]] III.12.48) or sound vibration (Shatpatha Brahmana Vi.16.51) or the transcendental sound of the [[Vedas]] (Shatpatha Brahmana  Xi.21.36) or of Vedic scriptures (Shatpatha Brahmana X.20.43).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Sabda|url=http://vedabase.net/s/sabda}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[File:Nada Brahmins tradition.jpg|thumb|Nada Brahmin Tradition]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;&#039; or &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;Sabda-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Brahman&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;&#039;Nada &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Brahman&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; means transcendental sound ([[Shatapatha Brahmana]] III.12.48) or sound vibration (Shatpatha Brahmana Vi.16.51) or the transcendental sound of the [[Vedas]] (Shatpatha Brahmana  Xi.21.36) or of Vedic scriptures (Shatpatha Brahmana X.20.43).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Sabda|url=http://vedabase.net/s/sabda}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;[[Shabda]]&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;sabda&#039;&#039; stands for word manifested by sound (&#039;verbal&#039;) and such a word has innate power to convey a particular sense or meaning (&#039;&#039;[[Artha]]&#039;&#039;). &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;According to the [[Nyaya]] and the [[Vaisheshika]] schools, &#039;&#039;Shabda&#039;&#039; means verbal testimony; to the [[Sanskrit]] grammarians, [[Yaska]], [[Pāṇini|Panini]] and [[Katyayana]] it meant a unit of language or speech or &#039;&#039;vac&#039;&#039;. In the philosophical terms this word appears for the first time in the [[Maitrayaniya Upanishad|Maitri Upanishad]] (Sloka VI.22) that speaks of two kinds of [[Brahman]] - &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; (&#039;Brahman with sound&#039;) and &#039;&#039;Ashabda Brahman&#039;&#039; (&#039;soundless Brahman&#039;). [[Sphota|Bhartrhari]] speaks about the creative power of &#039;&#039;shabda&#039;&#039;, the manifold universe is a creation of &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; ([[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad]] IV.i.2). [[Speech]] is equated with Brahman (Shatpatha Brahmana 2.1.4.10).The [[Rig Veda]] states that Brahman extends as far as [[Vāc]] (R.V.X.114.8), and has hymns in praise of Speech as the Creator (R.V.X.71.7) and as the final abode of Brahman (R.V.I.164.37). Time is the creative power of &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Indian Philosophy: An Introduction to Hindu and Buddhist Thought|author=Richard King|year=1999|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|page=49|isbn=9780748609543|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uca8R72W8iQC&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA49}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Islamic and Comparative Religious Studies|author=William Albert Graham|year=2010|publisher=Ashgate Publishing Ltd.|page=253|isbn=9781409400257|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIZl_kA0g84C&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA253}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;[[Shabda]]&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;sabda&#039;&#039; stands for word manifested by sound (&#039;verbal&#039;) and such a word has innate power to convey a particular sense or meaning (&#039;&#039;[[Artha]]&#039;&#039;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Mimamsa|Purva Mimamsa&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;deals with &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;Shabda &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Brahman&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cosmic sound or &lt;/del&gt;word&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;) which is endowed with names and forms and is projected &lt;/del&gt;in &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;vedic revelations &lt;/del&gt;(&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the mantras, hymns, prayers etc&lt;/del&gt;.)&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Vedanta&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;deals with &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Parama &lt;/del&gt;Brahman&#039;&#039; (&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the Ultimate Reality&lt;/del&gt;&#039;) &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;which is transcendent and devoid of material names &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;material forms. One has to become well established in &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Shabda &lt;/del&gt;Brahman&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;before realizing &#039;&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Parama &lt;/del&gt;Brahman&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Vedas are not the product of conventional language but &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;emanation of reality in form &lt;/del&gt;of &#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Shabda&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(sound&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;word) which &lt;/del&gt;is &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the sole cause of &lt;/del&gt;creation &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and is eternal. &#039;&#039;Purva Mimamsa&#039;&#039;, an esoteric discipline, from the point of view &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;spiritual growth aims at attaining the heavenly happiness by realizing &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; (&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cosmic sound&lt;/del&gt;) &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;by conducting &#039;&#039;&lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;yajna&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s&#039;&#039; &lt;/del&gt;that &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;help control the senses &lt;/del&gt;and the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mind; when the mind &lt;/del&gt;and the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;senses are subdued &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;inner subtle sound is realized as &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Yoga&lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the Ultimate Spiritual Path&lt;/del&gt;|author=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Rajarshi&lt;/del&gt;|year=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2001&lt;/del&gt;|publisher=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Llewellyn Worldwide&lt;/del&gt;|page=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;32-33&lt;/del&gt;|isbn=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;9781567184419&lt;/del&gt;|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;3XXxnxn8K8sC&lt;/del&gt;&amp;amp;q=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;shabda&lt;/del&gt;+brahman&amp;amp;pg=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;PA33&lt;/del&gt;}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==In Hindu philosophy==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;According to the [[Nyaya]] and the &lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Vaisheshika&lt;/ins&gt;]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;schools, &lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;Shabda&#039;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;means verbal testimony; to the [[Sanskrit]] grammarians, [[Yaska]], [[Pāṇini|Panini]] and [[Katyayana]] it meant a unit of language or speech or &#039;&#039;vac&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. In the philosophical terms this &lt;/ins&gt;word &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;appears for the first time &lt;/ins&gt;in &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the [[Maitrayaniya Upanishad|Maitri Upanishad]] &lt;/ins&gt;(&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Sloka VI&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;22&lt;/ins&gt;) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;that speaks of two kinds of &lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Brahman&lt;/ins&gt;]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Shabda &lt;/ins&gt;Brahman&#039;&#039; (&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Brahman with sound&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;) and &#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ashabda &lt;/ins&gt;Brahman&#039;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;soundless &lt;/ins&gt;Brahman&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Sphota|Bhartrhari]] speaks about &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;creative power &lt;/ins&gt;of &#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;shabda&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the manifold universe &lt;/ins&gt;is &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a &lt;/ins&gt;creation of &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; (&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad]] IV.i.2). [[Speech]] is equated with Brahman (Shatpatha Brahmana 2.1.4.10&lt;/ins&gt;)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.The &lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Rig Veda&lt;/ins&gt;]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;states &lt;/ins&gt;that &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Brahman extends as far as [[Vāc]] (R.V.X.114.8), &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;has hymns in praise of Speech as &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Creator (R.V.X.71.7) &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;final abode of Brahman (R.V.I.164.37). Time is &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;creative power of &lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Indian Philosophy: An Introduction to Hindu and Buddhist Thought|author=Richard King|year=1999|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|page=49|isbn=9780748609543|url=https&lt;/ins&gt;:&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;//books.google.com/books?id=uca8R72W8iQC&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA49}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Islamic and Comparative Religious Studies&lt;/ins&gt;|author=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;William Albert Graham&lt;/ins&gt;|year=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2010&lt;/ins&gt;|publisher=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ashgate Publishing Ltd.&lt;/ins&gt;|page=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;253&lt;/ins&gt;|isbn=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;9781409400257&lt;/ins&gt;|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;dIZl_kA0g84C&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;amp;q=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sabda&lt;/ins&gt;+brahman&amp;amp;pg=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;PA253&lt;/ins&gt;}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Mimamsa|Purva Mimamsa]] deals with &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; (&#039;cosmic sound or word&#039;) which is endowed with names and forms and is projected in vedic revelations (the mantras, hymns, prayers etc.). [[Vedanta]] deals with &#039;&#039;Parama Brahman&#039;&#039; (&#039;the Ultimate Reality&#039;) which is transcendent and devoid of material names and material forms. One has to become well established in &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; before realizing &#039;&#039;Parama Brahman&#039;&#039;. Vedas are not the product of conventional language but the emanation of reality in form of &#039;&#039;Shabda&#039;&#039; (sound, word) which is the sole cause of creation and is eternal. &#039;&#039;Purva Mimamsa&#039;&#039;, an esoteric discipline, from the point of view of spiritual growth aims at attaining the heavenly happiness by realizing &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; (cosmic sound) by conducting &#039;&#039;[[yajna]]s&#039;&#039; that help control the senses and the mind; when the mind and the senses are subdued the inner subtle sound is realized as &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Yoga: the Ultimate Spiritual Path|author=Rajarshi|year=2001|publisher=Llewellyn Worldwide|pages=32–33|isbn=9781567184419|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3XXxnxn8K8sC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA33}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==In Indian classical arts==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The fundamental theory of Indian classical music, art and poetry is grounded in the theory of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nada Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, and is linked with the Vedic religion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Arts of Transitional India|author=Vinayak Purohit|year=1988|publisher=Popular Prakashan|page=856|isbn=9780861321384|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ae1Zrmz6ETwC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA856}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Apara Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; mentioned by [[Mandukya Upanishad]] is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nada Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. [[Shiva Samhita]] states that whenever and wherever there is causal stress or Divine action, there is vibration (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;spandan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;kampan&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), and wherever there is vibration or movement there sound (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is inevitable. &amp;quot;M&amp;quot; of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Om|Aum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the primordial &amp;#039;&amp;#039;vac&amp;#039;&amp;#039; represents &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[shabda]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; which is the root and essence of everything; it is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Om|Pranava]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Pranava&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Vedas]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Vedas&amp;#039;&amp;#039; are &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. [[Consciousness]] in all beings is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=The Quest for Music Divine|author=Suresh C. Dey|year=1990|publisher=APH Publishing|page=267|isbn=9788170243014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__R04X3cSfoC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA267}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The fundamental theory of Indian classical music, art and poetry is grounded in the theory of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nada Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, and is linked with the Vedic religion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Arts of Transitional India|author=Vinayak Purohit|year=1988|publisher=Popular Prakashan|page=856|isbn=9780861321384|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ae1Zrmz6ETwC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA856}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Apara Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; mentioned by [[Mandukya Upanishad]] is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nada Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. [[Shiva Samhita]] states that whenever and wherever there is causal stress or Divine action, there is vibration (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;spandan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;kampan&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), and wherever there is vibration or movement there sound (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is inevitable. &amp;quot;M&amp;quot; of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Om|Aum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the primordial &amp;#039;&amp;#039;vac&amp;#039;&amp;#039; represents &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[shabda]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; which is the root and essence of everything; it is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Om|Pranava]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Pranava&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Vedas]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Vedas&amp;#039;&amp;#039; are &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. [[Consciousness]] in all beings is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=The Quest for Music Divine|author=Suresh C. Dey|year=1990|publisher=APH Publishing|page=267|isbn=9788170243014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__R04X3cSfoC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA267}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;When the necessity of directing the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Mantra]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (identical to &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ishta&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) internally and to objects externally is transcended then one gains &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039; which then awakens  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Atman chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the Divine Consciousness, and unites with it. The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ishta&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is the light of Consciousness. The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[prana]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Human body|body]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[mind]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; along with the entire universe, are all expressions of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. At the ultimate level of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; transcendental words (Nama-Brahman, Holy name) become materially wordless, transcendental forms become materially formless (rise from lower gunas to higher and transformed from material sattva to transcendental shuddha-sattva) and all multiplicity unified in Consciousness residing in that transcendent glory extends beyond mind and speech.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Seeing God Everywhere|author=Swami Shraddhananda|year=1996|publisher=Vedanta Press|page=174|isbn=9780874810523|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pJqcrf6voZsC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PT174}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;When the necessity of directing the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Mantra]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (identical to &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ishta&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) internally and to objects externally is transcended then one gains &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039; which then awakens  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Atman chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the Divine Consciousness, and unites with it. The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ishta&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is the light of Consciousness. The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[prana]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Human body|body]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[mind]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; along with the entire universe, are all expressions of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. At the ultimate level of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; transcendental words (Nama-Brahman, Holy name) become materially wordless, transcendental forms become materially formless (rise from lower gunas to higher and transformed from material sattva to transcendental shuddha-sattva) and all multiplicity unified in Consciousness residing in that transcendent glory extends beyond mind and speech.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Seeing God Everywhere|author=Swami Shraddhananda|year=1996|publisher=Vedanta Press|page=174|isbn=9780874810523|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pJqcrf6voZsC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PT174}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In the [[Bhagavad Gita]] (Sloka VI.44) the term &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; has been used to mean [[Vedic]] injunctions. [[Adi Shankara]] explains that the Yogic impressions do not perish even when held up for a long period, even he who seeks to comprehend the essence of [[Yoga]] and begins to tread the path of Yoga goes beyond the spheres of the fruits of Vedic works, he sets them aside. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad Gita Shankara Bhasya|page=249|url= https://www.scribd.com/doc/17299929/Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita-Shankara-Bhashya-English }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In this context [[Srimad Bhagavatam]] (Sloka III.33.7) has also been relied upon to high-light the disregard of Vedic rituals by the advanced transcendentalists. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad-Gita As It Is|author=Swami Prabhupada|publisher=The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust|page=315|url=http://www.asitis.com/6/44.html}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Gaudapada]] clarifies that the letter &quot;a&quot; of [[Om|Aum]] leads to &#039;&#039;Visva&#039;&#039;, the letter &quot;u&quot;&quot; leads to &#039;&#039;[[Taijasa]]&#039;&#039; and the letter &quot;m&quot; leads to &#039;&#039;[[Prajna (Vedic)|Prajna]]&#039;&#039;. With regard to one freed from letters, there remains no attainment (Mandkya Karika I.23). &#039;&#039;Aum&#039;&#039; is &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Aum&#039;&#039; is the Root Sound of which creation is a series of permutations.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad Gita Commentary Full|author=IslamKotob|publisher=Islamic Books|page=216|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b387bE4Ok0oC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA216}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==In the Bhagavad Gita==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In the [[Bhagavad Gita]] (Sloka VI.44) the term &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039; has been used to mean [[Vedic]] injunctions. [[Adi Shankara]] explains that the Yogic impressions do not perish even when held up for a long period, even he who seeks to comprehend the essence of [[Yoga]] and begins to tread the path of Yoga goes beyond the spheres of the fruits of Vedic works, he sets them aside.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad Gita Shankara Bhasya|page=249|url= https://www.scribd.com/doc/17299929/Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita-Shankara-Bhashya-English }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In this context [[Srimad Bhagavatam]] (Sloka III.33.7) has also been relied upon to high-light the disregard of Vedic rituals by the advanced transcendentalists.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad-Gita As It Is|author=Swami Prabhupada|publisher=The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust|page=315|url=http://www.asitis.com/6/44.html}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Gaudapada]] clarifies that the letter &quot;a&quot; of [[Om|Aum]] leads to &#039;&#039;Visva&#039;&#039;, the letter &quot;u&quot;&quot; leads to &#039;&#039;[[Taijasa]]&#039;&#039; and the letter &quot;m&quot; leads to &#039;&#039;[[Prajna (Vedic)|Prajna]]&#039;&#039;. With regard to one freed from letters, there remains no attainment (Mandkya Karika I.23). &#039;&#039;Aum&#039;&#039; is &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;Aum&#039;&#039; is the Root Sound of which creation is a series of permutations.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad Gita Commentary Full|author=IslamKotob|publisher=Islamic Books|page=216|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b387bE4Ok0oC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA216}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;According to the Tantric concept&lt;/del&gt;, [[Sound]] is the first manifestation of &#039;&#039;Parama Shiva&#039;&#039;; in its primary stage it is a psychic wave. Its very existence entails the presence of &#039;&#039;spandan&#039;&#039; or movement (&#039;vibration&#039;) without which there cannot be sound; &#039;&#039;spandan&#039;&#039; is the quality of [[Saguna &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;brahman&lt;/del&gt;]] and the world is the thought-projection of Saguna Shiva. The first sutra of &#039;&#039;Sarada Tilaka&#039;&#039; explains the significance and hidden meaning of &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Tantra:Its Mystic and Scientific Basis|author=Lalan Prasad Singh|year=2010|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=98|isbn=9788180696404|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1pz28mw2zywC&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA98}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==In Tantra==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In [[Tantra]]&lt;/ins&gt;, [[Sound]] is the first manifestation of &#039;&#039;Parama Shiva&#039;&#039;; in its primary stage it is a psychic wave. Its very existence entails the presence of &#039;&#039;spandan&#039;&#039; or movement (&#039;vibration&#039;) without which there cannot be sound; &#039;&#039;spandan&#039;&#039; is the quality of [[Saguna &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Brahman&lt;/ins&gt;]] and the world is the thought-projection of Saguna Shiva. The first sutra of &#039;&#039;Sarada Tilaka&#039;&#039; explains the significance and hidden meaning of &#039;&#039;Shabda Brahman&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Tantra:Its Mystic and Scientific Basis|author=Lalan Prasad Singh|year=2010|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=98|isbn=9788180696404|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1pz28mw2zywC&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA98}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==Related Castes==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [[Nayi brahmin]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Reflist}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Reflist}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Indian philosophy|state=collapsed}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Indian philosophy|state=collapsed}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Vedanta]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Vedanta]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>Sameer481</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Hinduism}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Sabda-brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nada brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; means transcendental sound ([[Shatapatha Brahmana]] III.12.48) or sound vibration (Shatpatha Brahmana Vi.16.51) or the transcendental sound of the [[Vedas]] (Shatpatha Brahmana  Xi.21.36) or of Vedic scriptures (Shatpatha Brahmana X.20.43).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|title=Sabda|url=http://vedabase.net/s/sabda}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[File:Nada Brahmins tradition.jpg|thumb|Nada Brahmin Tradition]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Shabda]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;sabda&amp;#039;&amp;#039; stands for word manifested by sound (&amp;#039;verbal&amp;#039;) and such a word has innate power to convey a particular sense or meaning (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Artha]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;). According to the [[Nyaya]] and the [[Vaisheshika]] schools, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda&amp;#039;&amp;#039; means verbal testimony; to the [[Sanskrit]] grammarians, [[Yaska]], [[Pāṇini|Panini]] and [[Katyayana]] it meant a unit of language or speech or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;vac&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. In the philosophical terms this word appears for the first time in the [[Maitrayaniya Upanishad|Maitri Upanishad]] (Sloka VI.22) that speaks of two kinds of [[Brahman]] - &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;Brahman with sound&amp;#039;) and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ashabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;soundless Brahman&amp;#039;). [[Sphota|Bhartrhari]] speaks about the creative power of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;shabda&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the manifold universe is a creation of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; ([[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad]] IV.i.2). [[Speech]] is equated with Brahman (Shatpatha Brahmana 2.1.4.10).The [[Rig Veda]] states that Brahman extends as far as [[Vāc]] (R.V.X.114.8), and has hymns in praise of Speech as the Creator (R.V.X.71.7) and as the final abode of Brahman (R.V.I.164.37). Time is the creative power of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Indian Philosophy: An Introduction to Hindu and Buddhist Thought|author=Richard King|year=1999|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|page=49|isbn=9780748609543|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uca8R72W8iQC&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA49}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Islamic and Comparative Religious Studies|author=William Albert Graham|year=2010|publisher=Ashgate Publishing Ltd.|page=253|isbn=9781409400257|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIZl_kA0g84C&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA253}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Mimamsa|Purva Mimamsa]] deals with &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;cosmic sound or word&amp;#039;) which is endowed with names and forms and is projected in vedic revelations (the mantras, hymns, prayers etc.). [[Vedanta]] deals with &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Parama Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;#039;the Ultimate Reality&amp;#039;) which is transcendent and devoid of material names and material forms. One has to become well established in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; before realizing &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Parama Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Vedas are not the product of conventional language but the emanation of reality in form of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (sound, word) which is the sole cause of creation and is eternal. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Purva Mimamsa&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, an esoteric discipline, from the point of view of spiritual growth aims at attaining the heavenly happiness by realizing &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (cosmic sound) by conducting &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[yajna]]s&amp;#039;&amp;#039; that help control the senses and the mind; when the mind and the senses are subdued the inner subtle sound is realized as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Yoga: the Ultimate Spiritual Path|author=Rajarshi|year=2001|publisher=Llewellyn Worldwide|page=32-33|isbn=9781567184419|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3XXxnxn8K8sC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA33}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fundamental theory of Indian classical music, art and poetry is grounded in the theory of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nada Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, and is linked with the Vedic religion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Arts of Transitional India|author=Vinayak Purohit|year=1988|publisher=Popular Prakashan|page=856|isbn=9780861321384|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ae1Zrmz6ETwC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA856}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Apara Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; mentioned by [[Mandukya Upanishad]] is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nada Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. [[Shiva Samhita]] states that whenever and wherever there is causal stress or Divine action, there is vibration (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;spandan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;kampan&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), and wherever there is vibration or movement there sound (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is inevitable. &amp;quot;M&amp;quot; of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Om|Aum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the primordial &amp;#039;&amp;#039;vac&amp;#039;&amp;#039; represents &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[shabda]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; which is the root and essence of everything; it is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Om|Pranava]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Pranava&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Vedas]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Vedas&amp;#039;&amp;#039; are &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. [[Consciousness]] in all beings is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=The Quest for Music Divine|author=Suresh C. Dey|year=1990|publisher=APH Publishing|page=267|isbn=9788170243014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__R04X3cSfoC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA267}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When the necessity of directing the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Mantra]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (identical to &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ishta&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) internally and to objects externally is transcended then one gains &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039; which then awakens  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Atman chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the Divine Consciousness, and unites with it. The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ishta&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is the light of Consciousness. The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[prana]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Human body|body]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[mind]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; along with the entire universe, are all expressions of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mantra chaitanya&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. At the ultimate level of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; transcendental words (Nama-Brahman, Holy name) become materially wordless, transcendental forms become materially formless (rise from lower gunas to higher and transformed from material sattva to transcendental shuddha-sattva) and all multiplicity unified in Consciousness residing in that transcendent glory extends beyond mind and speech.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Seeing God Everywhere|author=Swami Shraddhananda|year=1996|publisher=Vedanta Press|page=174|isbn=9780874810523|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pJqcrf6voZsC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PT174}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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In the [[Bhagavad Gita]] (Sloka VI.44) the term &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039; has been used to mean [[Vedic]] injunctions. [[Adi Shankara]] explains that the Yogic impressions do not perish even when held up for a long period, even he who seeks to comprehend the essence of [[Yoga]] and begins to tread the path of Yoga goes beyond the spheres of the fruits of Vedic works, he sets them aside. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad Gita Shankara Bhasya|page=249|url= https://www.scribd.com/doc/17299929/Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita-Shankara-Bhashya-English }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In this context [[Srimad Bhagavatam]] (Sloka III.33.7) has also been relied upon to high-light the disregard of Vedic rituals by the advanced transcendentalists. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad-Gita As It Is|author=Swami Prabhupada|publisher=The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust|page=315|url=http://www.asitis.com/6/44.html}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Gaudapada]] clarifies that the letter &amp;quot;a&amp;quot; of [[Om|Aum]] leads to &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Visva&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the letter &amp;quot;u&amp;quot;&amp;quot; leads to &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Taijasa]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and the letter &amp;quot;m&amp;quot; leads to &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Prajna (Vedic)|Prajna]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. With regard to one freed from letters, there remains no attainment (Mandkya Karika I.23). &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Aum&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Aum&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is the Root Sound of which creation is a series of permutations.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Bhagavad Gita Commentary Full|author=IslamKotob|publisher=Islamic Books|page=216|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b387bE4Ok0oC&amp;amp;q=shabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA216}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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According to the Tantric concept, [[Sound]] is the first manifestation of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Parama Shiva&amp;#039;&amp;#039;; in its primary stage it is a psychic wave. Its very existence entails the presence of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;spandan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or movement (&amp;#039;vibration&amp;#039;) without which there cannot be sound; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;spandan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is the quality of [[Saguna brahman]] and the world is the thought-projection of Saguna Shiva. The first sutra of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Sarada Tilaka&amp;#039;&amp;#039; explains the significance and hidden meaning of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Shabda Brahman&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|title=Tantra:Its Mystic and Scientific Basis|author=Lalan Prasad Singh|year=2010|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=98|isbn=9788180696404|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1pz28mw2zywC&amp;amp;q=sabda+brahman&amp;amp;pg=PA98}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Related Castes==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nayi brahmin]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Indian philosophy|state=collapsed}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Vedanta]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
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