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{{short description|Sindhi merchant (1804-1878)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Seth Naomal Hotchand
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|size=100%|CIE|CSI}}
| image = 
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = Seth Naomal Hotchand Bhojwani<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/world/report-karachi-was-a-sweet-bombay-1067410 |title=Karachi was a sweet Bombay |website=dnaindia.com}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{Birth year|1804}}
| birth_place = [[Kharadar]], [[Karachi]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1878|09|16|1804}}
| death_place = Karachi, [[British Raj|British India]]
| nationality =
| father = Seth Hotchand<ref name="Ahmed 2015">{{cite web | last=Ahmed | first=Khaled | title=On religious conversion, a question | website=The Indian Express | date=2015-01-24 | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/on-conversion-a-question/ | access-date=2021-03-27}}</ref>
| other_names =
| occupation = Merchant, Military contractor
| years_active = 1832{{endash}}1878
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}

'''Seth Naomal Hotchand Bhojwani''' {{post-nominals|list=[[Order of the Indian Empire|CIE]] [[Order of the Star of India|CSI]]}} (1804 {{endash}} 16 September 1878) was a [[Sindhis|Sindhi]] merchant and military contractor, known for helping the [[East India Company]] conquer [[History of Sindh|Sindh]] around 1832 in an attempt to achieve [[notable]] position in the society through money and chivalry.<ref name="Balouch 2014">{{cite web | last=Balouch | first=Akhtar | title='Traitor of Sindh' Seth Naomal: A case of blasphemy in 1832 | website=DAWN.COM | date=2014-07-01 | url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1116294 | access-date=2021-03-27}}</ref>

== Biography ==
He was born in [[Kharadar]], [[Karachi]] in 1804. Naomal was the great grandson of a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] trader Bhojomal, known for founding [[Karachi]] in 1729. Naomal's father Hotchand was also a merchant who ran business extending all the [[Indian subcontinent]] and the [[Middle East]] such as Afghanistan, Iran and [[Muscat]]. Seth's family was one of the richest families at times who used to lend money the [[Talpur dynasty|Mirs of Sindh]].<ref name="Balouch 2014"/>

Around 1832, a [[communal violence]] broke out between Hindu and [[Muslim]] communities in Karachi, following which one of Naomal's teacher beat him up. He subsequently established his association with British Company and worked as a [[British India Army]] contractor against the Mirs of Karachi's rule in the region.<ref name="Markovits 2000 p. 44">{{cite book | last=Markovits | first=C. | title=The Global World of Indian Merchants, 1750–1947: Traders of Sind from Bukhara to Panama | publisher=Cambridge University Press | series=Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society | year=2000 | isbn=978-1-139-43127-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M2vu7Odjz6kC&pg=PA44 | access-date=2021-03-27 | page=44}}</ref>

Muhammad Usman Damohi, a historian published a book in 2013 titled ''Karachi: Taareekh Kay Aaenay Main'' arguing that his alleged lust for money and status placed Sindhi people under [[Karachi#British control|British rule]].

He died on September 16, 1878 in Karachi.<ref name="Balouch 2014"/>

== Titles and memoirs ==
His role in conquering Sindhi was appreciated by the British Company for which [[Queen Victoria]] awarded him Companion of the Most Exalted Order of Staff of Indian Empire (CIE)<ref name="Balouch 2014"/> and [[Order of the Star of India]] (CSI).<ref name="Digital Public Library of America 2021">{{cite web | title=A forgotten chapter of Indian history as described in the memoirs of Seth Naomul Hotchand, C.S.I., of Karachi. 1804-1878 | website=Digital Public Library of America | date=2021-03-28 | url=https://dp.la/item/0be3e9ad0370978bf5c6e6181d5c56f9 | access-date=2021-03-28}}</ref>

In 1996, [[Sindhi Adabi Board|Literary Board of Sindh]] printed an edition titled ''Memoirs of Seth Naomul Hotchand of Karachi'' which was translated into English in 1915.<ref name="Balouch 2014"/> It was originally published in 1982 by [[Oxford University Press]].<ref name="Markovits 2009 pp. 89–111">{{cite journal | last=Markovits | first=Claude | title=The Political Economy of Opium Smuggling in Early Nineteenth Century India: Leakage or Resistance? - Modern Asian Studies | journal=Modern Asian Studies | volume=43 | issue=1 | date=2009-01-01 | issn=1469-8099 | doi=10.1017/S0026749X07003344 | pages=89–111 | s2cid=202930136 | url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-asian-studies/article/abs/political-economy-of-opium-smuggling-in-early-nineteenth-century-india-leakage-or-resistance/AA107E951E217F883B04978E3DF1EC12 | access-date=2021-03-27}}</ref>

== Books ==
* {{cite book | last= HOTCHAND | first=NAOMAL | title=A Forgotten Chapter of Indian History, as Described in the Memoirs of Seth Naomul Hotchand | publisher=W. Pollard & Company | year=1995 | isbn= | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W9QpnQEACAAJ | access-date=2021-03-27 }}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite web | title=Seth Naomal to return from his grave? | website=Pakistan Today | date=2012-03-01 | url=https://archive.pakistantoday.com.pk/2012/03/01/seth-naomal-to-return-from-his-grave/amp/ | ref={{sfnref | Pakistan Today | 2012}} | access-date=2021-03-28}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hotchand, Seth Naomal}}
[[Category:1804 births]]
[[Category:1878 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Karachi]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Star of India]]
[[Category:Traitors in history]]

Seth Naomal Hotchand - Revision history

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