https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Sentreng_ApanpaSentreng Apanpa - Revision history2026-08-20T08:17:36ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sentreng_Apanpa&diff=534064&oldid=prevStevieBavin8727: Done2026-03-31T20:54:30Z<p>Done</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Ancient ruler of pre-historic Kangleipak}}<br />
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{{Italic title}}<br />
{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Sentreng<br />
| title = King of Ancient Kangleipak<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = Sentreng and Sandrembi on their way to the royal palace.<br />
| spouse = [[Sandrembi and Chaisra|Sandrembi]]<br />
| issue = Mechi Sana<br />
| era name = Haya Chak era of [[Ancient Kangleipak]]<br />
| era dates = Unknown<br />
| regnal name = Sentreng Apanpa, Sentreng Pakhangba<br />
| father = Korou Nongdren Pakhangba<br />
| dynasty = [[Ancient Kangleipak]]<br />
| mother = Thadon Leima Lairembi<br />
| religion = [[Sanamahism]]<br />
}}<br />
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'''Sentreng Apanpa''' was a semi-legendary king in the [[Kangleipak|pre-historical Ancient Kangleipak history]].{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais|1993|p=113-114}} He is mentioned in many folklore, especially the [[Sandrembi and Chaisra]] story, in which he was the husband of ''Sandrembi''.{{Sfnp|Beck; Claus; Goshwami; Handoo, Folktales of India|1999|p=161}}{{Sfnp|Meitei; Chaudhuri; Arunkumar, The Cultural Heritage of Manipur|2020|p=349}}<br />
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== Family and Kingship ==<br />
Sentreng Apanpa was the youngest son of ''Korou Nongdren Pakhangba'', and Thadon Leima Lairembi. Sentreng's elder brother was ''Kuptreng''. Alternately, Korou Nongdren Pakhangba taught Sentreng the art of leadership, and Kuptreng the art of administration. Therefore, Sentreng became the king of Kangleipung (Manipur), while Kuptreng became the administrator.{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais|1993|p=113-114}}<br />
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== The Laibungthou System ==<br />
[[File:Sandrembi being taken away by His Highness while Cheisra got jealous of this.jpg|thumb|Sandrembi and Sentreng on their way to the palace.]]<br />
King Sentreng Apanpa's royal court was structured according to a special form of government called the ''Lai-Bung-Thou'', or "Heads of the Phamthous". ''Pham'' refers to a post or position while ''Thou'' can mean duty, labour, or the act of directing and guiding. In modern terms, "Lai-Bung-Thou" means "Head of Department".{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais|1993|p=113-114}}<br />
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There were nine Laibungthous in total, each regarded as the "God of Phamthous". There were five Phamthous under each Lai-Bung-Thous, creating a total position of sixty-one positions which included the seven kings of the seven clans, represented in the royal court. To ensure that their position and function were immediately identifiable during assemblies and state functions, each Lai-Pung-Thou was given a particular colour and ceremonial attire. The nine designations were: 1) ''Ingouba'' – White; 2) ''Khemaanba'' – Light Black; 3) ''Sangboren'' – Mossy Green; 3) ''Ngaangbaren'' – Bright Red; 4) ''Waobaren'' – Ashy White; 5) ''Leingaanglen'' – Light Red; 6) ''Senmaren'' – Metallic Bright; 7) ''Memaren'' – Bright Brown; 9) ''Ashanba'' – Variegated Colours.{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais|1993|p=113-114}}<br />
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== Sandrembi-Chaisra folklore ==<br />
{{Main|Sandrembi and Chaisra}}<br />
''Sandrembi'' (or ''Sanaa Rembi'') was the Queen of Sentreng Apanpa.{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais|1993|p=113-114}} Sentreng Apanpa ruled in the [[Haya Chak]] era. ''Khulen Ngamba'', one of the king's nobleman had two wives. The elder wife had a daughter named Sandrembi, while the younger wife had a daughter named ''Chaisra''.{{Sfnp|Chakravarty, Bhāratīya Parivāra: Manushya Ke Astitva Ke Lie Vaikalpika Soca|1994|p=186}} Later, the nobleman died and the two wives were left as widows. The elder widow was killed by the younger widow after dropping snakes to the former's mouth, telling her that they were much delicious ones of the fruits they were eating.{{Sfnp|Beck; Claus; Goshwami; Handoo, Folktales of India|1999|p=161}}{{Sfnp|Meitei; Chaudhuri; Arunkumar, The Cultural Heritage of Manipur|2020|p=349}} After the elder widow died, Sandrembi was mistreated by the younger widow and Chaisra.{{Sfnp|Beck; Claus; Goshwami; Handoo, Folktales of India|1999|p=169}}<br />
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Later on, they grew up. Sandrembi became beautiful although she was not properly dressed up, while Chaisra became ugly even though she properly dressed up.{{Sfnp|Beck; Claus; Goshwami; Handoo, Folktales of India|1999|p=169}} One day, King Sentreng Apanpa came for hunting and saw the two maidens fetching water by the riverside. Knowing the quality of Sandrembi's beauty, the king decided to take her to the palace and make her the Queen. Later, they lived happily and got a son called ''Mechi Sana'' (''Machi Sana Melei Khomba'' in the story).<ref name="sandrembi">{{Cite web |title=Sandrembi and Chaisra |url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Folks.Folk_Tales.Sandrembi_and_Chaisra |access-date=2021-09-03 |website=e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Folk Tales of Manipur |url=https://www.e-pao.net/epsubPageSelector.asp?src=Folk_Tales&sub1=Folks&ch=manipur |website=epao.net}}</ref><br />
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Her stepmother and Chaisra were jealous of her luck. So, the two decided to kill her by inviting her for dinner. Sandrembi came to her parental house with the permission of Sentreng Apanpa. After the dinner, Chaisra dropped Sandrembi's dresses under the bed. When Sandrembi went under the bed to bring the clothes out, her stepmother poured the hottest water over Sandrembi's body. Sandrembi died and got transformed into a pigeon and flew away. Chaisra disguised as Sandrembi and went to the royal palace. The king suspected her because she did not look like Sandrembi who was beautiful as a lily.<br />
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=== Revival ===<br />
{{Main|Sandrembi_and_Chaisra#Words_of_the_pigeon|l1 = Sandrembi and Chaisra (#Words of the pigeon, to #Trial by ordeal)}}<br />
Later in the story, Sandrembi was revived from a fruit. There was a quarrel between Sandrembi and Chaisra. Eventually, the king decided to settle the matter through a duel. Chaisra, the defendant, was permitted to fight with a bright, sharp sword, while Sandrembi, the plaintiff, had to use a wooden knife, since she bore the burden of proving her innocence. It was believed that if Sandrembi truly deserved justice, she would win despite wielding only a rusty sword. Chaisra doubted the validity of the [[trial by ordeal]] and hoped to defeat her opponent with a single strike. Her request for the shiny sword was justified. Sandrembi trusted in her innocence and declared, "If I am innocent, may Chaisra’s sword become harmless to me". During the fight, as Chaisra attacked with her sharp sword, Sandrembi remained unharmed. Suddenly, the blunt sword miraculously slipped from Sandrembi’s hand and struck Chaisra’s neck, chopping it off.<ref name="sandrembi" /><br />
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== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Sangkhuleima and Yangkhuleima.jpg<br />
File:Sangkhuleima pouring the snakes over Yangkhuleima.jpg<br />
File:Sangkhuleima stealing the fishes of Yangkhuleima after killing her.jpg<br />
File:His Highness and his subjects.jpg<br />
File:Sandrembi and Chaisra going to fetch water.jpg<br />
File:Sandrembi and Chaisra going to fetch water 2.jpg<br />
File:Sandrembi being taken away by His Highness while Cheisra got jealous of this.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
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== Related pages ==<br />
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* [[Sandrembi and Chaisra]]<br />
* [[Ancient Kangleipak]]<br />
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==Notes==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
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* {{Cite book |last=Tensuba |first=Keerti Chand |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GmZuAAAAMAAJ |title=Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais |publisher=Inter-India Publications |year=1993 |isbn=9788121003087 |ref={{sfnref|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais|1993}}}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last1=Beck |first1=Brenda E. F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmKu3t-sYi4C&dq=elder+sandrembi+younger+chaishra&pg=PA161 |title=Folktales of India |last2=Claus |first2=Peter J. |last3=Goswami |first3=Praphulladatta |last4=Handoo |first4=Jawaharlal |date=1999 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=978-0-226-04083-7 |ref={{sfnref|Beck; Claus; Goshwami; Handoo, Folktales of India|1999}}}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last1=Meitei |first1=Sanjenbam Yaiphaba |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FhUHEAAAQBAJ&dq=sanarembi+folktale&pg=PA349 |title=The Cultural Heritage of Manipur |last2=Chaudhuri |first2=Sarit K. |last3=Arunkumar |first3=M. C. |date=2020 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-000-29629-7 |ref={{sfnref|Meitei; Chaudhuri; Arunkumar, The Cultural Heritage of Manipur|2020}}}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Goshwami |first=Hareshwar |url=https://archive.org/details/hareshwar-goshwami-history-of-the-people-of-manipur |title=History of the People of Manipur}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Chakravarty |first=Kalyan Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OrwnAAAAYAAJ |title=Bhāratīya Parivāra: Manushya Ke Astitva Ke Lie Vaikalpika Soca |date=1994 |publisher=Indirā Gāndhī Rāshṭrīya Mānava Saṅgrahālaya |ref={{sfnref|Chakravarty, Bhāratīya Parivāra: Manushya Ke Astitva Ke Lie Vaikalpika Soca|1994}}}}<br />
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[[Category:Kings of Kangleipak]]<br />
[[Category:Meitei mythology]]<br />
[[Category:Meitei folklore]]</div>StevieBavin8727