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{{EngvarB|date=October 2017}}{{infobox caste|caste_name=parvatha rajakulam|caste_name_in_local=Parvatha Rajakulam|languages=[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|religions=[[Hinduism]], [[Roman Catholicism]]|related=[[Tamil people]]}} '''Sembadavar''' or Parvatha Rajakulam is a traditional fisherman community found mainly on the [[Coromandel coast]] of the Indian states of [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Pondicherry]]. They also take the title [[Nattar]].<ref name=":1" /> Sembadavar are a maritime community who are occupied primarily as inland and river fishermen and primarily fish with [[fishing net]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2AbAQAAIAAJ&q=sembadavar|title=Bulletin|last=Fisheries|first=Madras (India : State) Dept of|date=1927|pages=82|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sypuAAAAMAAJ&q=sembadavar|title=Salem City: An Ethnohistory (1792-1992)|last1=Nārāyaṇaṉ|first1=Ka Ilakkumi|last2=Gangadharan|first2=T.|last3=Chandrasekar|first3=N.|date=1999|publisher=Vysya college|pages=47|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=669JAAAAYAAJ&q=sembadavar+fishing|title=Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal|year=1905|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal|pages=234|language=en}}</ref> A similar caste also known as ''Sambuni Reddi'' is found in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and [[Telangana]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jHQMAQAAMAAJ&q=parvatharajakulam|title=People of India: A - G.|date=1998|publisher=Oxford Univ. Press|isbn=9780195633542|pages=2791|language=en}}</ref> There are many theories as to their origins but they have since ancient times been recorded in the area of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Pondicherry]] and [[Sri Lanka]].

== Etymology ==
The name Sembadavar is mythologically connected to the principal [[Hindu]] god [[Shiva]]. The name is derived from the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] words ''Sambu,'' a name of Shiva and ''Padavar'' meaning boatmen thus literally meaning "Shiva's boatmen".<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TTQKoe4eXzgC&q=sembadavar|title=Madras District Gazetteers|last=State)|first=Madras (India|date=1962|publisher=Superintendent, Government Press|pages=154|language=en}}</ref> The name might also be derived from ''Sem'' meaning good and ''Padavar'' thus literally meaning "good boatmen".<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jRIwAQAAIAAJ&q=sembadavan|title=People of India|last1=Singh|first1=Kumar Suresh|last2=India|first2=Anthropological Survey of|date=2001|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=9788185938882|pages=725, 1312|language=en}}</ref>
==History==

=== Mythological origin ===
According to one legend was Shiva fond of one of their chief deity [[Ankalaparamecuvari|''Ankalamman'']]. Out of the union was ''Parvatha Rajan'' (king of the [[Parvata Kingdom]]) born who disguised himself as a boatman.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l2nXAAAAMAAJ&q=Cempatavar|title=Aṅkāḷaparamēcuvari, a Goddess of Tamilnadu: Her Myths and Cult|last=Masilamani-Meyer|first=Eveline|date=1986|publisher=Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden|isbn=9783515047029|pages=98–101|language=en}}</ref> His boat was made of copper, the [[Vedas]] assumed the form of his fishing net and the [[Rakshasa|Rakshasas]] took the form of the pisces.<ref name=":0" /> Accidentally was a [[rishi]] caught in his net, who angered called Parvatha Rajan a "Sembu Padavar" meaning "copper boatmen" and cursed his descendants to become fishermen. From this myth do they call themselves as Sembadavar or also ''Parvatha Rajakulam'' (meaning descendant of Parvatha Raja).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=10IwAQAAIAAJ&q=sembadavan|title=Global encyclopaedia of the South Indian Dalit's ethnography|last=Singh|first=Nagendra Kumar|date=2006|publisher=Global Vision Publishing House|isbn=9788182201675|pages=693|language=en}}</ref>

==Post-independence==
In 1947, the fisheries became a monopoly of the new independent Indian government.

{{as of|2011}}, Parvatharajakulam is classified as a [[Other Backward Class|Most backward caste]] by the Governments of [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Pondicherry]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tn.gov.in/bcmbcmw/bclist.htm|title= List of Backward Classes approved by the Government of Tamil Nadu |access-date= 1 April 2011|publisher= Government of Tamil Nadu}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in/bclist.htm List of Backward Classes approved by Government of Tamil Nadu]
*[http://socwelfare.pondicherry.gov.in/List-of-OBCs.pdf Latest updated list of OBCS notified by the UT of Puducherry]
*[http://ncbc.nic.in/Writereaddata/cl/puducherry.pdf Central list of OBCS for the UT of Puducherry]
*[http://www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in/obc/faq/puducherry.pdf Central list of other Backward classes]
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}

[[Category:Tamil society]]
[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan Tamil society]]
[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Converts to Christianity]]
[[Category:Fishing castes]]

Sembadavar - Revision history

->Citation bot: Alter: url. URLs might have been anonymized. Add: year, authors 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | #UCB_webform 2129/2199