Savita Ambedkar - Revision history

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	Many People from Delhi came to meet B. R. Ambedkar at 26, Alipur Road, where Ambedkar was in residence. It wasn't possible that everyone should get a glimpse Ambedkar as he was sick. While on Savita Ambedkar was besides as wife and his doctor she had dual responsibilities.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=57\|language=mr}}</ref>		Many People from Delhi came to meet B. R. Ambedkar at 26, Alipur Road, where Ambedkar was in residence. It wasn't possible that everyone should get a glimpse Ambedkar as he was sick. While on Savita Ambedkar was besides as wife and his doctor she had dual responsibilities.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=57\|language=mr}}</ref>

	After the death of Babasaheb Ambedkar, some Ambedkarites blamed Savita Ambedkar for killing him. ~~She~~ separated from the Ambedkarite movement by describing her as a Brahmin. She took herself up to his farmhouse in Mehrauli in Delhi. Till 1972, she was living in Delhi. The then [[Prime Minister]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] formed a committee to investigate the matter, and that committee released her from the charges after the investigation.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/\|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..\|date=3 December 2017\|website=Loksatta.com\|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref>		After the death of Babasaheb Ambedkar, some Ambedkarites blamed Savita Ambedkar for killing him. They separated her from the Ambedkarite movement by describing her as a Brahmin. She took herself up to his farmhouse in Mehrauli in Delhi. Till 1972, she was living in Delhi. The then [[Prime Minister]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] formed a committee to investigate the matter, and that committee released her from the charges after the investigation.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/\|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..\|date=3 December 2017\|website=Loksatta.com\|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref>

	After the demise of Babasaheb, PM [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], PM [[Indira Gandhi]] and President [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] decided to take Maisaheb to [[Rajya Sabha]]. With the support of the Congress party, she was going to be a member of the Rajya Sabha, but she would have betrayed the husband's principle, so she humbly refused the proposals thrice.<ref name=Sanchar>{{Cite news\|title=Maisahebanche Aswattha Jeevan\|date=15 April 2018\|work=Sanchar - Indradhanoo (p. 5)}}</ref>		After the demise of Babasaheb, PM [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], PM [[Indira Gandhi]] and President [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] decided to take Maisaheb to [[Rajya Sabha]]. With the support of the Congress party, she was going to be a member of the Rajya Sabha, but she would have betrayed the husband's principle, so she humbly refused the proposals thrice.<ref name=Sanchar>{{Cite news\|title=Maisahebanche Aswattha Jeevan\|date=15 April 2018\|work=Sanchar - Indradhanoo (p. 5)}}</ref>
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	* [http://velivada.com/2017/05/13/meet-vijay-surwade-living-encyclopedia-ambedkarism/ Vijay Surwade — living encyclopedia of Ambedkarism]		* [http://velivada.com/2017/05/13/meet-vijay-surwade-living-encyclopedia-ambedkarism/ Vijay Surwade — living encyclopedia of Ambedkarism]
	* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5LuS53lN28g Dr. Savita on Hindu Code Bill]
	* [http://harishkenchi.blogspot.com/2018/04/blog-post_14.html?m=1 माईसाहेब आंबेडकरांचे अस्वस्थ जीवन! (Restless life of Misaheb Ambedkar!)]
	* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5LuS53lN28g#searching Dhamma Deeksha function on 14 Oct 1956]

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{{short description|Indian social activist and doctor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| pre-nominals =
| name = Savita Ambedkar
| post-nominals =
| image = Dr. Savita Ambedkar.jpg
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption = Savita Bhimrao Ambedkar
| pronunciation =
| birth_name = Sharada Krishnarao Kabir
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1909|01|27}}
| birth_place = [[Dadar]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]] <br/ > (now in [[Maharashtra]], [[India]])
| baptised = 
| disappeared_date = 
| disappeared_place =
| disappeared_status =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2003|05|29|1909|01|27}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
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| resting_place =
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| burial_place = 
| burial_coordinates = 
| monuments =
| nationality = [[India]]n
| other_names = Mai (''mother''), Maisaheb Ambedkar
| citizenship =
| education = [[MBBS]]
| alma_mater = [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals|Grant Medical College, Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]]
| occupation = social activist, doctor
| years_active =
| era =
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| known_for = Social activism
| notable_works = Dr. Ambedkaranchya Sahawasat
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| movement = [[Dalit Buddhist movement]]
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| spouse = [[B. R. Ambedkar]] <br/ >(m. 1948 - d. 1956)
| partner =
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| relatives = See ''[[Ambedkar family]]''
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'''Savita Bhimrao Ambedkar''' ({{nee}} '''Kabir'''; 27 January 1909 – 29 May 2003), was an Indian social activist, doctor and the second wife of [[Babasaheb Ambedkar]], the father of the [[Indian Constitution]]. [[Ambedkarism|Ambedkarites]] and [[Navayana|Buddhists]] refer to her as '''Mai''' or '''Maisaheb''', which stands for '[[Mother]]' in [[Marathi language]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/DMS-dr-5573971-PHO.html|title=बाबासाहेबांना औरंगाबादचे नाव ठेवायचे होते पुष्‍पनगर पाहा...मिलिंद कॉलेेजातील अनमोल ठेवा|work=divyamarathi|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.womensweb.in/2018/05/savita-ambedkar-discredited-caste-woman-may18wk3/|title=The Woman Behind Dr. Ambedkar - Why Are Our Women Denied Their Rightful Place In History?|date=22 May 2018|work=Women's Web: For Women Who Do|access-date=13 November 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>

In B. R. Ambedkar's various movements, during the writing of the books, [[Indian Constitution]] and [[Hindu code bills]] and [[Dalit Buddhist movement|Buddhist mass conversion]], she helped him from time to time. Babasaheb Ambedkar credited her in preface of his book ''[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]'' for extending his life for eight-ten years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ambedkar/ambedkar_buddha/00_pref_unpub.html|title=00_pref_unpub|last=Pritchett|first=Frances|website=Columbia.edu|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..|date=3 December 2017|work=Loksatta|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-expresses-grief-over-death-of-savita-ambedkar/articleshow/47857884.cms|title=PM expresses grief over death of Savita Ambedkar|work=The Times of India|access-date=13 November 2018|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Savita Ambedkar was born on 27 January 1909 in [[Bombay]] in a [[Marathi Brahmin|Marathi]] [[Saraswat Brahmin]] family.<ref name="Patrika"/><ref name="auto1"/> Her birth name was "Sharada Kabir". Her mother's name was Janaki and father name was Krishnarao Vinayak Kabir. Her family were a resident of Doors village, located in [[Rajapur, Maharashtra|Rajapur tehsil]] of [[Ratnagiri district]], [[Maharashtra]]. Later, her father came from Ratnagiri to [[Bombay]]. On the Sir Rao Bahadur C. K. Bole Road, near the pigeon in the west of [[Dadar]] The Kabir family had rented a house in Sahru's house in Matruchaya.<ref name="Patrika">{{cite news |last1=Verma |first1=Lokesh |title=जानिये, बाबा साहेब अंबेडकर के दूसरे विवाह पर क्यों फैली थी नाराजगी |url=https://www.patrika.com/noida-news/why-there-was-anger-over-baba-saheb-dr-bhimrao-ambedkar-s-second-marriage-news-in-hindi-1553264/ |access-date=15 April 2019 |work=[[Rajasthan Patrika]] |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.forwardpress.in/2018/06/dr-savita-bhimrao-ambedkar-jinake-lie-ambedkar-se-mahatvpurn-kuchh-bhi-n-tha/|title=डॉ. सविता भीमराव आंबेडकर, जिनके लिए आंबेडकर से महत्वपूर्ण कुछ भी न था|date=21 June 2018|work=फॉरवर्ड प्रेस|access-date=13 November 2018|language=hi-IN}}</ref><ref name="auto4">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/b-r-ambedkars-widow-passes-away/articleshow/47838403.cms|title=B R Ambedkar's widow passes away |last=PTI|work=The Times of India|access-date=13 November 2018 |date=May 29, 2003}}</ref>

Savita Ambedkar was a brilliant student. Her early education was completed in [[Pune]]. After that, around 1937 she did [[MBBS]] from [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals|Grant Medical College]], Bombay. When her studies were completed, she was appointed as the first class medical officer in a major hospital in [[Gujarat]]. But after a few months of illness, she left her job and returned home. Her six of eight siblings had [[inter-caste marriage]]s. Those days it was an extraordinary thing for Marathi Brahmin. Savita said, "Our family did not oppose inter-caste marriages, because the whole family was educated and progressive."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=17|language=mr}}</ref><ref name="Patrika"/>

==Career and meeting with Ambedkar ==
[[File:Maisaheb and Babasaheb.jpg|thumb|Maisaheb and Babasaheb]]
At Bombay's [[Vile Parle]], lived a doctor named S.M. Rao who had close links with [[B. R. Ambedkar]]. When Ambedkar came from [[Delhi]] to Bombay, he often used to visit the doctor. Sharda Kabir also used to visit Dr. Rao's house as she had a family relation with him. One day Babasaheb Ambedkar had come from Delhi and Dr. Sharada Kabir was also present at that time. Dr. Rao formalised his identity by saying, "This girl of my daughters friend is very clever, while being MBBS, Dr. Malavankar is working as a junior for a well-known doctor .... etc." Babasaheb was then the [[Minister of Labour|Labor Minister]] in the [[Viceroy's Executive Council]]. Until that time Dr. Sharda did not know much about Dr. Ambedkar, except that he is in Viceroy Council member. Dr. Sharada was impressed with Dr. Ambedkar's stunning personality. In his first meeting, she realised that Dr. Ambedkar was an extraordinary and great figure, In this first meeting, Ambedkar inquired about Kabir with apathy. The reason for this was that they were working on the advancement of women. Ambedkar congratulated them. There was also discussion about [[Buddhism]] in this meeting.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=17–18|language=mr}}</ref>

His second meeting took place in the Advice Room of Dr. Mavalankar. Ambedkar had blood pressure, blood sugar and joint pain at that time. In 1947, during the writing of the [[Indian Constitution]], Bhimrao Ambedkar got health related problems due to [[diabetes]] and high [[blood pressure]]. He did not sleep. having neuropathic pain in the legs, Insulin and some homoeopathic medicines could provide relief to some extent. He went to Bombay for treatment. At the same time, Dr. Sharada came closer to Ambedkar during treatment. Ambedkar's first wife, [[Ramabai Ambedkar]], died in 1935 after a long illness. In this way, the rounds of meetings continued. Later correspondence also happened. And Ambedkar had a good life. There was talk of [[literature]], [[society]], [[religion]] etc. Sometimes they also debated. Ambedkar used to listen to Savita's arguments carefully and then respond. In 1947, Ambedkar started worrying about his health. There must be someone to take care of their health. In a letter to [[Dadasaheb Gaikwad]] on 16 March 1948, Ambedkar wrote, "To keep a woman nurse or to take care of the house for service, there will be doubts in people's mind, so marriage is a better way." After the death of Yashwant's mother ''(Ramabai)'', I had decided not to marry, but in today's situation, I will have to give up my decision." Ambedkar took medical service from doctor Sharda Kabir for nature reasons. And both of them decided to get married.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|url=http://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/article/EDT-babasaheb-ambedkar-column-2481860.html|title=डॉ. आंबेडकरांचा बौद्ध धम्म|work=divyamarathi|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=19|language=mr}}</ref>

==Marriage==
[[File:Dr. B.R. Ambedkar with wife Dr. Savita Ambedkar in 1948.jpg|thumb|right|B.R. Ambedkar and Savita Ambedkar in 1948]]

On 15 April 1948 Sharda Kabir married Bhimrao Ambedkar. She was 39 and he was 57. After their marriage, she was popularly called "Mai" ([[mother]]) by his followers. As registrar for marriage, Rameshwar Dayal, Deputy Commissioner, was called in Delhi. This marriage was completed as a Civil Marriage under the Civil Marriage Act. Among those who attended this occasion were Rai Sahab Puran Chand, Mr Macy (Private Secretary), Neelkanth, Ramkrishna Chandiwala, Estate Officer Meshram, nephew of Chitre, his wife, Sharda Kabir's brother. Also Home Secretary Banerjee On 28 November 1948, the newly married couple, the then governor-general of India, [[C. Rajagopalachari]], invited them for the ''Sneh Bhoj'' and greeted them. After marriage Sharda adopted the name 'Savita'. But Ambedkar used to call her "Shārū" in old name, which was a word of "Shāradā".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.patrika.com/news/noida/why-there-was-anger-over-baba-saheb-dr-bhimrao-ambedkar-s-second-marriage-news-in-hindi-1553264/|title=जानिये, बाबा साहेब अंबेडकर के दूसरे विवाह पर क्यों फैली थी नाराजगी|work=www.patrika.com|access-date=13 November 2018|language=hi-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=30|language=mr}}</ref>

After marriage, Savita started serving husband. Ambedkar's health was steadily getting worse. She continued her care with full devotion till the last of Ambedkar's service. Ambedkar mentioned the help he received from wife in a book written on 15 March 1956, in a book ''[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]''. In this preface, he mentioned that Savita Ambedkar increased his age by 8–10 years. After Ambedkar's death, his close friends and followers removed this role from this book. The Bengali Buddhist author [[Bhagwan Das]] published his preface as a "rare preface".<ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=33|language=mr}}</ref>

==Conversion to Buddhism==
{{see also|Dalit Buddhist movement|Navayana}}
[[File:Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar with his second wife Dr Savita Ambedkar, holding a statue of the Buddha, during the Dhamma Diksha ceremony in Nagpur. October 14, 1956.jpg|thumb|Babasaheb with Mai, holding a statue of the Buddha, during the Dhamma Diksha ceremony in Nagpur on 14 October 1956]]
[[File:Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar accepting Dhamma Deeksha - Buddhism from Mahasthavir Chandramani along with Wali Sinha, Rewaramji Kawade and wife Maisaheb on October 14, 1956.jpg|thumb|Ambedkar receiving the [[Five Precepts]] from Mahasthavir Chandramani on 14 October 1956. In the photograph (from right to left): Savita Ambedkar, B. R. Ambedkar, Wali Sinha and bhikkhu Chandramani.]]

On [[Dhammachakra Pravartan Day|Ashok Vijaya Dashami]] ''(The Day on which Buddhism was accepted by Emperor [[Ashoka the Great]])'' 14 October 1956, Savita Ambedkar accepted [[Buddhism]] along with her husband Bhimrao Ambedkar in [[Deekshabhoomi]], [[Nagpur]]. She was given the initiation of Buddha's Dhamma by the Burmese [[Bhikkhu]] Mahastavir Chandramani giving [[Refuge (Buddhism)|Three Jewels]] and ''[[Five precepts]]''. After this, B. R. Ambedkar himself initiated Buddhism by giving 500,000 followers of Three Jewels, Five precepts and twenty-two pledges. This oath took place at 9 a.m.. Savita Ambedkar became the first woman to accept Buddhism of this conversion movement.<ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto"/>

==Allegations and contradictions ==
Many People from Delhi came to meet B. R. Ambedkar at 26, Alipur Road, where Ambedkar was in residence. It wasn't possible that everyone should get a glimpse Ambedkar as he was sick. While on Savita Ambedkar was besides as wife and his doctor she had dual responsibilities.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=57|language=mr}}</ref>

After the death of Babasaheb Ambedkar, some Ambedkarites blamed Savita Ambedkar for killing him. She separated from the Ambedkarite movement by describing her as a Brahmin. She took herself up to his farmhouse in Mehrauli in Delhi. Till 1972, she was living in Delhi. The then [[Prime Minister]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] formed a committee to investigate the matter, and that committee released her from the charges after the investigation.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..|date=3 December 2017|website=Loksatta.com|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref>

After the demise of Babasaheb, PM [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], PM [[Indira Gandhi]] and President [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] decided to take Maisaheb to [[Rajya Sabha]]. With the support of the Congress party, she was going to be a member of the Rajya Sabha, but she would have betrayed the husband's principle, so she humbly refused the proposals thrice.<ref name=Sanchar>{{Cite news|title=Maisahebanche Aswattha Jeevan|date=15 April 2018|work=Sanchar - Indradhanoo (p. 5)}}</ref>

== Repatriation with the Dalit movement ==
[[File:Arun Kamble 2.JPG|thumb|right|Ambedkar with [[Arun Kamble]], ]]
[[Republican Party of India]] leader [[Ramdas Athavale]] and [[Gangadhar Gade]] brought her back to the mainstream Ambedkarite movement. The young activists of [[Dalit Panthers]] movement treated Mai with respect. She played an important role in the movement about the book "Riddles in Hinduism". Her role earned her respect and got rid of the misunderstanding of Dalits.<ref name=Sanchar/> Later on, she was separated from him as she grew older. Babasaheb Ambedkar was given the '[[Bharat Ratna]]', the highest civilian award, it was accepted by Savita Ambedkar honoured by the then President [[Ramaswamy Venkataraman]] on 14 April 1990. It was his legendary birth anniversary. This award ceremony was held at the Darbar Hall / Ashok Hall of [[Rashtrapati Bhavan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=50|language=mr}}</ref>

==Death==
Savita Ambedkar became lonely after her husband's death. Later, she rejoined the Dalit movement for some time. On 19 April 2003, she suffered difficulties in breathing, and was admitted to [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals|J.J. Hospital]]. She died on 29 May 2003 at the age of 94 at J.J. Hospital in Mumbai.<ref name="auto3">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2003/05/30/stories/2003053002081300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017053455/http://www.thehindu.com/2003/05/30/stories/2003053002081300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 October 2015|title=President, PM condole Savita Ambedkar's death|access-date=13 November 2018|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=30 May 2003}}</ref><ref name="auto4"/>

== Writings ==
She wrote a memorable and autobiographical Marathi book titled "Dr. Ambedkaranchya Sahwasat" (English: ''In companionship with Dr. Ambedkar''). She also contributed to ''[[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar (film)|Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar]]'' film. [[Mrinal Kulkarni]] played the role of her in this film.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/MAH-MAR-AUR-rare-things-about-dr-5297519-PHO.html|title=बाबासाहेब कोलकात्‍याहून विमानाने मागवत मासळीचे पार्सल, हे मांसाहारी पदार्थ आवडायचे|work=divyamarathi|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr}}</ref>

==Legacy==
{{more citations needed section|date=December 2019}}
*Dr. Savita Ambedkar Inter-Caste Marriage encouragement Scheme<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sje.gujarat.gov.in/dscw/showpage.aspx?contentid=1610&lang=english|title=BCK-54 : Financial Assistance – Dr.Savita Ambedkar Inter-Caste Marriage encouragement Scheme. {{!}} Health, housing construction and other {{!}} Schemes {{!}} નિયામક, અનુસૂચિત જાતિ કલ્યાણ|last=Empowerment|first=Department of Social Justice and|website=sje.gujarat.gov.in|language=gu|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref>

;Notable person's statement about Savita Ambedkar.
* Indian President [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]] said "Ms. Ambedkar symbolised the virtues of dedication and sacrifice and was able to work for the uplift of the downtrodden while being at the side of the late Babasaheb Ambedkar."<ref name="auto3"/>
* The Prime Minister, [[Atal Behari Vajpayee]] said "Savitaji was the principal source of inspiration to a legendary personality like Babasaheb, who played a pivotal role in framing the Constitution of our country. She was a great social worker in her own right and remained dedicated to the task of upliftment of the weaker sections of society.""<ref name="auto3"/>
* Congress leader, [[Sonia Gandhi]], said "The presence and guidance of Mai, as she was fondly called, will be dearly missed by all.""<ref name="auto3"/>
* The Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment, [[Satyanarayan Jatiya]] said: "Dr. Savita Ambedkar has served Babasaheb with great dedication. Her sacrifice would be remembered for long and serve as an inspiration for future generations.""<ref name="auto3"/>
* The Chief Minister of Maharashtra [[Sushil Kumar Shinde]], said "she [Savita] had accorded more importance to social movements than to wielding power.""<ref name="auto3"/>
* [[Gopinath Munde]] said that "Savita ji was an example of supreme sacrifice and continued the mission of her late husband till her death.""<ref name="auto3"/>

===Books on Savita Ambedkar===
* ''Babasahebanchi Sawali: Dr. Savita Ambedkar (Maisaheb)'' (Babasaheb's shadow: Dr. Savita Ambedkar (Maisaheb)) – Prof. Kirtilata Rambhau Petkar, 2016
* ''Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkaranchya Sawlicha Sangharsh'' (The struggle of the shadow of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar) — Vijay Sukhdeve
* ''Dr. Maisaheb Ambedkaranchya Sahwasat'' (In contact with Dr. Maisaheb Ambedkar) — Vaishali Bhalerao<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bookganga.com/eBooks/Books/Details/4691565523749693623|title=डॉ. माईसाहेब आंबेडकरांच्या सहवासात-Dr. Maisaheb Ambedkaranchya Sahavasat by Vaishali Bhalerao - Vinimay Publications - BookGanga.com|website=Bookganga.com|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref>
* ''Dr. Maisaheb Ambedkar'' – Walmika Ahire
* ''Great Self-Sacrifice of Maisaheb Ambedkar'' – Prof. P. V. Sukhadeve
* ''Maisahebanche Agnidivya'' – Prof. P. V. Sukhadeve
* ''Maisaheb: Charitra ani Karya'' (Maisaheb: Biography and Work)
* ''Mahamanvachi Sanjivani'' ([[Sanjeevani (plant)|Sanjeevani]] of the Great Man)

== See also ==
* [[Ramabai Ambedkar]]
* [[Ambedkar family]]
* [[Yashwant Ambedkar]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links==
{{Commons category|Savita Ambedkar}}

* [http://velivada.com/2017/05/13/meet-vijay-surwade-living-encyclopedia-ambedkarism/ Vijay Surwade — living encyclopedia of Ambedkarism]
* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5LuS53lN28g Dr. Savita on Hindu Code Bill]
* [http://harishkenchi.blogspot.com/2018/04/blog-post_14.html?m=1 माईसाहेब आंबेडकरांचे अस्वस्थ जीवन! (Restless life of Misaheb Ambedkar!)]
* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=5LuS53lN28g#searching Dhamma Deeksha function on 14 Oct 1956]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ambedkar, Savita Bhimrao}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:2003 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women]]
[[Category:Spouses of Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Spouses of national leaders]]
[[Category:Ambedkar family|Savita]]
[[Category:Women from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:People from Ratnagiri district]]
[[Category:Marathi-language writers]]
[[Category:Ambedkarites]]
[[Category:Buddhist activists]]
[[Category:20th-century Buddhists]]
[[Category:21st-century Buddhists]]
[[Category:Indian Buddhists]]
[[Category:Converts to Buddhism from Hinduism]]
[[Category:Social workers from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Indian women social workers]]
[[Category:People from Mumbai]]

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	'''Savita Bhimrao Ambedkar''' ({{nee}} '''Kabir'''; 27 January 1909 – 29 May 2003), was an Indian social activist, doctor and the second wife of [[Babasaheb Ambedkar~~]], the father of the [[Indian Constitution~~]]. [[Ambedkarism\|Ambedkarites]] and [[Navayana\|Buddhists]] refer to her as '''Mai''' or '''Maisaheb''', which stands for '[[Mother]]' in [[Marathi language]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://m.divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/DMS-dr-5573971-PHO.html\|title=बाबासाहेबांना औरंगाबादचे नाव ठेवायचे होते पुष्‍पनगर पाहा...मिलिंद कॉलेेजातील अनमोल ठेवा\|work=divyamarathi\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.womensweb.in/2018/05/savita-ambedkar-discredited-caste-woman-may18wk3/\|title=The Woman Behind Dr. Ambedkar - Why Are Our Women Denied Their Rightful Place In History?\|date=22 May 2018\|work=Women's Web: For Women Who Do\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=en-US}}</ref>		'''Savita Bhimrao Ambedkar''' ({{nee}} '''Kabir'''; 27 January 1909 – 29 May 2003), was an Indian social activist, doctor and the second wife of [[Babasaheb Ambedkar]]. [[Ambedkarism\|Ambedkarites]] and [[Navayana\|Buddhists]] refer to her as '''Mai''' or '''Maisaheb''', which stands for '[[Mother]]' in [[Marathi language]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://m.divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/DMS-dr-5573971-PHO.html\|title=बाबासाहेबांना औरंगाबादचे नाव ठेवायचे होते पुष्‍पनगर पाहा...मिलिंद कॉलेेजातील अनमोल ठेवा\|work=divyamarathi\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.womensweb.in/2018/05/savita-ambedkar-discredited-caste-woman-may18wk3/\|title=The Woman Behind Dr. Ambedkar - Why Are Our Women Denied Their Rightful Place In History?\|date=22 May 2018\|work=Women's Web: For Women Who Do\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=en-US}}</ref>

	In B. R. Ambedkar's various movements, during the writing of the books, [[Indian Constitution]] and [[Hindu code bills]] and [[Dalit Buddhist movement\|Buddhist mass conversion]], she helped him from time to time. Babasaheb Ambedkar credited her in preface of his book ''[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]'' for extending his life for eight-ten years.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ambedkar/ambedkar_buddha/00_pref_unpub.html\|title=00_pref_unpub\|last=Pritchett\|first=Frances\|website=Columbia.edu\|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/\|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..\|date=3 December 2017\|work=Loksatta\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=mr-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-expresses-grief-over-death-of-savita-ambedkar/articleshow/47857884.cms\|title=PM expresses grief over death of Savita Ambedkar\|work=The Times of India\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=en}}</ref>		In B. R. Ambedkar's various movements, during the writing of the books, [[Indian Constitution]] and [[Hindu code bills]] and [[Dalit Buddhist movement\|Buddhist mass conversion]], she helped him from time to time. Babasaheb Ambedkar credited her in preface of his book ''[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]'' for extending his life for eight-ten years.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ambedkar/ambedkar_buddha/00_pref_unpub.html\|title=00_pref_unpub\|last=Pritchett\|first=Frances\|website=Columbia.edu\|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/\|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..\|date=3 December 2017\|work=Loksatta\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=mr-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-expresses-grief-over-death-of-savita-ambedkar/articleshow/47857884.cms\|title=PM expresses grief over death of Savita Ambedkar\|work=The Times of India\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=en}}</ref>

	==Early life and education==		==Early life and education==
	Savita Ambedkar was born on 27 January 1909 in [[Bombay]] in a ~~[[Marathi Brahmin\|Marathi]] [[Saraswat Brahmin]] family~~.<ref name="Patrika"/><ref name="auto1"/> ~~Her birth name was "Sharada Kabir".~~ Her mother's name was Janaki and father name was Krishnarao Vinayak Kabir. Her family were a resident of Doors village, located in [[Rajapur, Maharashtra\|Rajapur tehsil]] of [[Ratnagiri district]], [[Maharashtra]]. Later, her father came from Ratnagiri to [[Bombay]]. On the Sir Rao Bahadur C. K. Bole Road, near the pigeon in the west of [[Dadar]] ~~The~~ Kabir family had rented a house in Sahru's house in Matruchaya.<ref name="Patrika">{{cite news \|last1=Verma \|first1=Lokesh \|title=जानिये, बाबा साहेब अंबेडकर के दूसरे विवाह पर क्यों फैली थी नाराजगी \|url=https://www.patrika.com/noida-news/why-there-was-anger-over-baba-saheb-dr-bhimrao-ambedkar-s-second-marriage-news-in-hindi-1553264/ \|access-date=15 April 2019 \|work=[[Rajasthan Patrika]] \|language=hi}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite news \|url=https://www.forwardpress.in/2018/06/dr-savita-bhimrao-ambedkar-jinake-lie-ambedkar-se-mahatvpurn-kuchh-bhi-n-tha/\|title=डॉ. सविता भीमराव आंबेडकर, जिनके लिए आंबेडकर से महत्वपूर्ण कुछ भी न था\|date=21 June 2018\|work=फॉरवर्ड प्रेस\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=hi-IN}}</ref><ref name="auto4">{{Cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/b-r-ambedkars-widow-passes-away/articleshow/47838403.cms\|title=B R Ambedkar's widow passes away \|last=PTI\|work=The Times of India\|access-date=13 November 2018 \|date=May 29, 2003}}</ref>		Savita Ambedkar as Sharada Kabir was born on 27 January 1909 in [[Bombay]] in a Kabirpanthi Mahar Family.<ref name="Patrika"/><ref name="auto1"/> Her mother's name was Janaki and father name was Krishnarao Vinayak Kabir. Her family were a resident of Doors village, located in [[Rajapur, Maharashtra\|Rajapur tehsil]] of [[Ratnagiri district]], [[Maharashtra]]. Later, her father came from Ratnagiri to [[Bombay]]. On the Sir Rao Bahadur C. K. Bole Road, near the pigeon in the west of [[Dadar]], the Kabir family had rented a house in Sahru's house in Matruchaya.<ref name="Patrika">{{cite news \|last1=Verma \|first1=Lokesh \|title=जानिये, बाबा साहेब अंबेडकर के दूसरे विवाह पर क्यों फैली थी नाराजगी \|url=https://www.patrika.com/noida-news/why-there-was-anger-over-baba-saheb-dr-bhimrao-ambedkar-s-second-marriage-news-in-hindi-1553264/ \|access-date=15 April 2019 \|work=[[Rajasthan Patrika]] \|language=hi}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite news \|url=https://www.forwardpress.in/2018/06/dr-savita-bhimrao-ambedkar-jinake-lie-ambedkar-se-mahatvpurn-kuchh-bhi-n-tha/\|title=डॉ. सविता भीमराव आंबेडकर, जिनके लिए आंबेडकर से महत्वपूर्ण कुछ भी न था\|date=21 June 2018\|work=फॉरवर्ड प्रेस\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=hi-IN}}</ref><ref name="auto4">{{Cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/b-r-ambedkars-widow-passes-away/articleshow/47838403.cms\|title=B R Ambedkar's widow passes away \|last=PTI\|work=The Times of India\|access-date=13 November 2018 \|date=May 29, 2003}}</ref>

	Savita ~~Ambedkar~~ was a brilliant student. Her early education was completed in [[Pune]]. After that, around 1937 she did [[MBBS]] from [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals\|Grant Medical College]], Bombay. When her studies were completed, she was appointed as the first class medical officer in a major hospital in [[Gujarat]]. But after a few months of illness, she left her job and returned home. Her six of eight siblings had [[inter-caste marriage]]s. Those days it was an extraordinary thing for Marathi Brahmin. Savita said, "Our family did not oppose inter-caste marriages, because the whole family was educated and progressive."<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=17\|language=mr}}</ref><ref name="Patrika"/>		Savita was a brilliant student. Her early education was completed in [[Pune]]. After that, around 1937 she did [[MBBS]] from [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals\|Grant Medical College]], Bombay. When her studies were completed, she was appointed as the first class medical officer in a major hospital in [[Gujarat]]. But after a few months of illness, she left her job and returned home. Her six of eight siblings had [[inter-caste marriage]]s. Those days it was an extraordinary thing for Marathi Brahmin. Savita said, "Our family did not oppose inter-caste marriages, because the whole family was educated and progressive."<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=17\|language=mr}}</ref><ref name="Patrika"/>

	==Career and meeting with Ambedkar ==		==Career and meeting with Ambedkar ==
	[[File:Maisaheb and Babasaheb.jpg\|thumb\|Maisaheb and Babasaheb]]		[[File:Maisaheb and Babasaheb.jpg\|thumb\|Maisaheb and Babasaheb]]
	At Bombay's [[Vile Parle]], lived a doctor named S.M. Rao who had close links with [[B. R. Ambedkar]]. When Ambedkar came from [[Delhi]] to Bombay, he often used to visit the doctor. ~~Sharda~~ Kabir also used to visit Dr. Rao's house as she had a family relation with him. One day Babasaheb Ambedkar had come from Delhi and Dr. Sharada Kabir was also present at that time. Dr. Rao formalised his identity by saying, "This girl of my daughters friend is very clever, while being MBBS, Dr. Malavankar is working as a junior for a well-known doctor .... etc." Babasaheb was then the [[Minister of Labour\|Labor Minister]] in the [[Viceroy's Executive Council]]. Until that time Dr. Sharda did not know much about Dr. Ambedkar, except that he is in Viceroy Council member. Dr. Sharada was impressed with Dr. Ambedkar's stunning personality. In his first meeting, she realised that Dr. Ambedkar was an extraordinary and great figure, In this first meeting, Ambedkar inquired about Kabir with apathy. The reason for this was that they were working on the advancement of women. Ambedkar congratulated them. There was also discussion about [[Buddhism]] in this meeting.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=17–18\|language=mr}}</ref>		At Bombay's [[Vile Parle]], lived a doctor named S.M. Rao who had close links with [[B. R. Ambedkar]]. When Ambedkar came from [[Delhi]] to Bombay, he often used to visit the doctor. Sharada Kabir also used to visit Dr. Rao's house as she had a family relation with him. One day Babasaheb Ambedkar had come from Delhi and Dr. Sharada Kabir was also present at that time. Dr. Rao formalised his identity by saying, "This girl of my daughters friend is very clever, while being MBBS, Dr. Malavankar is working as a junior for a well-known doctor .... etc." Babasaheb was then the [[Minister of Labour\|Labor Minister]] in the [[Viceroy's Executive Council]]. Until that time Dr. Sharda did not know much about Dr. Ambedkar, except that he is in Viceroy Council member. Dr. Sharada was impressed with Dr. Ambedkar's stunning personality. In his first meeting, she realised that Dr. Ambedkar was an extraordinary and great figure, In this first meeting, Ambedkar inquired about Kabir with apathy. The reason for this was that they were working on the advancement of women. Ambedkar congratulated them. There was also discussion about [[Buddhism]] in this meeting.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=17–18\|language=mr}}</ref>

	His second meeting took place in the Advice Room of Dr. Mavalankar. Ambedkar had blood pressure, blood sugar and joint pain at that time. In 1947, during the writing of the [[Indian Constitution]], Bhimrao Ambedkar got health related problems due to [[diabetes]] and high [[blood pressure]]. He did not sleep. having neuropathic pain in the legs, Insulin and some homoeopathic medicines could provide relief to some extent. He went to Bombay for treatment. At the same time, Dr. Sharada came closer to Ambedkar during treatment. Ambedkar's first wife, [[Ramabai Ambedkar]], died in 1935 after a long illness. In this way, the rounds of meetings continued. Later correspondence also happened. And Ambedkar had a good life. There was talk of [[literature]], [[society]], [[religion]] etc. Sometimes they also debated. Ambedkar used to listen to Savita's arguments carefully and then respond. In 1947, Ambedkar started worrying about his health. There must be someone to take care of their health. In a letter to [[Dadasaheb Gaikwad]] on 16 March 1948, Ambedkar wrote, "To keep a woman nurse or to take care of the house for service, there will be doubts in people's mind, so marriage is a better way." After the death of Yashwant's mother ''(Ramabai)'', I had decided not to marry, but in today's situation, I will have to give up my decision." Ambedkar took medical service from doctor Sharda Kabir for nature reasons. And both of them decided to get married.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news\|url=http://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/article/EDT-babasaheb-ambedkar-column-2481860.html\|title=डॉ. आंबेडकरांचा बौद्ध धम्म\|work=divyamarathi\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=19\|language=mr}}</ref>		His second meeting took place in the Advice Room of Dr. Mavalankar. Ambedkar had blood pressure, blood sugar and joint pain at that time. In 1947, during the writing of the [[Indian Constitution]], Bhimrao Ambedkar got health related problems due to [[diabetes]] and high [[blood pressure]]. He did not sleep. having neuropathic pain in the legs, Insulin and some homoeopathic medicines could provide relief to some extent. He went to Bombay for treatment. At the same time, Dr. Sharada came closer to Ambedkar during treatment. Ambedkar's first wife, [[Ramabai Ambedkar]], died in 1935 after a long illness. In this way, the rounds of meetings continued. Later correspondence also happened. And Ambedkar had a good life. There was talk of [[literature]], [[society]], [[religion]] etc. Sometimes they also debated. Ambedkar used to listen to Savita's arguments carefully and then respond. In 1947, Ambedkar started worrying about his health. There must be someone to take care of their health. In a letter to [[Dadasaheb Gaikwad]] on 16 March 1948, Ambedkar wrote, "To keep a woman nurse or to take care of the house for service, there will be doubts in people's mind, so marriage is a better way." After the death of Yashwant's mother ''(Ramabai)'', I had decided not to marry, but in today's situation, I will have to give up my decision." Ambedkar took medical service from doctor Sharda Kabir for nature reasons. And both of them decided to get married.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news\|url=http://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/article/EDT-babasaheb-ambedkar-column-2481860.html\|title=डॉ. आंबेडकरांचा बौद्ध धम्म\|work=divyamarathi\|access-date=13 November 2018\|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=19\|language=mr}}</ref>
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	==Allegations and contradictions ==		==Allegations and contradictions ==
	Many People from Delhi came to meet B. R. Ambedkar at 26, Alipur Road, where Ambedkar was in residence. It wasn't possible ~~that~~ everyone ~~should~~ get a glimpse Ambedkar as he was sick. ~~While on~~ Savita Ambedkar ~~was besides as wife and his doctor she~~ had dual ~~responsibilities~~.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=57\|language=mr}}</ref>		Many People from Delhi came to meet B. R. Ambedkar at 26, Alipur Road, where Ambedkar was in residence. It wasn't possible for everyone to get a glimpse of Dr. Ambedkar as he was sick. Savita Ambedkar had dual obligations while taking care of him, in addition to being a doctor. <ref>{{Cite book\|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya\|last=Sukhadeve\|first=P. V.\|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan\|pages=57\|language=mr}}</ref>

	After the death of Babasaheb Ambedkar, some Ambedkarites blamed Savita Ambedkar for killing him. They separated her from the Ambedkarite movement by describing her as a Brahmin. She took herself up to his farmhouse in Mehrauli in Delhi. Till 1972, she was living in Delhi. The then [[Prime Minister]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] formed a committee to investigate the matter, and that committee released her from the charges after the investigation.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/\|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..\|date=3 December 2017\|website=Loksatta.com\|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref>		After the death of Babasaheb Ambedkar in December 1956, some Ambedkarites blamed Savita Ambedkar for killing him. They separated her from the Ambedkarite movement by describing her as a Brahmin. She took herself up to his farmhouse in Mehrauli in Delhi. Till 1972, she was living in Delhi. The then [[Prime Minister]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] formed a committee to investigate the matter, and that committee released her from the charges after the investigation.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/\|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..\|date=3 December 2017\|website=Loksatta.com\|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref>

	After the demise of Babasaheb, PM [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], PM [[Indira Gandhi]] and President [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] decided to take Maisaheb to [[Rajya Sabha]]. With the support of the Congress party, she was going to be a member of the Rajya Sabha, but she would have betrayed the husband's principle, so she humbly refused the proposals thrice.<ref name=Sanchar>{{Cite news\|title=Maisahebanche Aswattha Jeevan\|date=15 April 2018\|work=Sanchar - Indradhanoo (p. 5)}}</ref>		After the demise of Babasaheb, PM Jawaharlal Nehru, PM [[Indira Gandhi]] and President [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] decided to take Maisaheb to [[Rajya Sabha]]. With the support of the Congress party, she was going to be a member of the Rajya Sabha, but she would have betrayed the husband's principle, so she humbly refused the proposals thrice.<ref name=Sanchar>{{Cite news\|title=Maisahebanche Aswattha Jeevan\|date=15 April 2018\|work=Sanchar - Indradhanoo (p. 5)}}</ref>

	== Repatriation with the Dalit movement ==		== Repatriation with the Dalit movement ==