imported>Lancepark: link (tambralinga successor)

2021-05-18T19:32:02Z

link (tambralinga successor)

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{{Infobox royalty
| name =Savakanmaindan
| image =
| succession =[[Tambralinga|King of Tambralinga]]
| reign =1262-1277
| native_lang1 =[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| coronation =1262
| predecessor =[[Chandrabhanu]]
| successor =[[Sri Thammasokaraj]]<br>(as King of Nakhon Si Thammarat)
| royal house =Padmavamsa (Lotus) dynasty
| succession1 =[[Jaffna kingdom|King of Jaffna]]
| reign1 =1262-1277
| coronation1 =
| predecessor1 =[[Chandrabhanu]]
| successor1 =[[Kulasekara Cinkaiariyan]]
| spouse =
| issue =
| father =Chandrabhanu
| mother =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Tambralinga]]
| death_date = 1277
| death_place =
| place of burial=
| religion =[[Buddhism]]
| signature =
}}

'''Savakanmaindan''' (or '''Savakan Maindan''', '''Saavanmaindan''' and '''Javakanmaindan'''; died 1277) was a monarch of the kingdoms of [[Tambralinga]] and [[Jaffna kingdom|Jaffna]].<ref>Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri (1929). The Pāṇḍyan kingdom from the earliest times to the sixteenth century. pp.176</ref> He was the son of the [[Savakan]] king [[Chandrabhanu]] of Tambralinga of the ''Padmavamsa'' (lotus dynasty),<ref name=Coedes1>{{Cite book | last = Cœdès | first = George | authorlink = Georges Coedès | title = The Indianized states of Southeast Asia | publisher = University of Hawaii Press | year = 1968 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=iDyJBFTdiwoC | page = 184 | quote = "belonging to the family of the lotus (padmavamsa)" | isbn =9780824803681 }}</ref> who usurped the Tamil throne in 1255 AD. During his rule of Jaffna, the Venetian traveller [[Marco Polo]] visited the northeastern Tamil country.

==Rule==
Chandrabhanu moved north after his failure at invading southern kingdoms of Ceylon and secured the Tamil throne for himself around 1255. During this time, his son Savakanmaindan administered the Tambralinga region. [[Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan]] of the [[Pandyan Empire]] in [[Tamilakam]] intervened in 1258 and made Chandrabhanu submit to Pandyan rule, annually offering precious jewels and elephants in tribute. A second attempt by Chandrabhanu to invade from the north prompted the Prince [[Jatavarman Veera Pandyan I]], brother of emperor Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I to intervene in 1262-1264. Chandrabhanu was killed in the battle. Veera Pandyan proceeded to plant the Pandyan bull victory flag at [[Koneswaram temple]], Konamalai. The ''Kudumiyamalai Prasasti'' of the eleventh year of Veera Pandyan I reign relates the riches this conquest brought the Pandyans. Savakanmaindan, who had resisted Jatavarman Veera Pandyan I's forces in Jaffna Patnam, inherited the northern Tamil throne upon his father's death.

Savakanmaindan professed initial contumacy to Pandyan rule but eventually submitted.<ref>The Journal of the Siam Society, 1976, Volume 64. pp.305</ref> He was rewarded and allowed to retain control of the Jaffna kingdom while Sundara Pandyan remained supreme Lord emperor of Pandyan. Marco Polo, describing Sundara Pandyan's empire as the richest in the world, visited the Jaffna kingdom upon docking at [[Trincomalee]], and described the locals under king ''Sendemain's'' rule as mostly naked and feeding on rice and meat. The land was abundant with rubies and other precious stones, although at this stage Savakanmaindan was not paying tributes to the Pandyans. When Savakamaindan embarked on another invasion of the south, the Pandyas under King [[Maravarman Kulasekara Pandyan I]] again invaded and defeated his forces in the late 1270s. However, to further the power of Tamil [[hard power]] in the region,<ref>deSilva 67</ref> they eventually installed one of their ministers in charge of the invasion, [[Kulasekara Cinkaiariyan]], an [[Aryacakravarti]] as the King.<ref name=DS91>de Silva, A ''History of Sri Lanka'', p.91-92</ref><ref>Kunarasa, K ''The Jaffna Dynasty'', p.#</ref> In the local [[Tamil language]], all South East Asians are known as ''Javar'' or [[Javanese people|Javanese]]. There are number of place names in the [[Jaffna]] peninsula which pertains to its South East Asian connections. [[Chavakacheri]] means a Javanese settlement. Chavahakottai means a Javanese fort all alluding to Chandrabhanu's brief rule in the north.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box|title=[[Tambralinga]]|before=[[Chandrabhanu]]|after=[[Sri Thammasokaraj]] |years=1262–1277}}
{{Succession box|title=[[Jaffna Kingdom]]|before=[[Chandrabhanu]]|after=[[Kulasekara Cinkaiariyan]] |years=1262–1277}}
{{s-end}}

{{Monarchs of the Jaffna Kingdom}}

[[Category:Kings of Jaffna]]
[[Category:Monarchs of Tambralinga]]
[[Category:13th-century monarchs in Asia]]
[[Category:1277 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

Savakanmaindan - Revision history

imported>Lancepark: link (tambralinga successor)